<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ktd</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">3061-9904</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18229/kocatepetip.1472532</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>YOĞUN BAKIM ÜNİTESİNE ALINAN YENİDOĞAN BEBEKLERİN EBEVEYNLERİ: SOSYODEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, STRES DÜZEYLERİ VE PSİKOPATOLOJİLERİ İLE İLGİLİ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>PARENTS OF NEWBORNS ADMITTED TO THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, STRESS LEVELS, AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGIES</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-1262</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çobanoğlu Osmanlı</surname>
                                    <given-names>Cansu</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4699-3418</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Şahin</surname>
                                    <given-names>Berkan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0090-1389</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Hoşoğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Esra</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-4764</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Önal</surname>
                                    <given-names>Bedia Sultan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20250127">
                    <day>01</day>
                    <month>27</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>26</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>21</fpage>
                                        <lpage>27</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240424">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>24</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240806">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>06</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1999, Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1999</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>AMAÇ: Yenidoğan döneminde bebeklerin Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi (YYBÜ)’ ne yatışları özellikle anne ve babaları için oldukça sancılı ve zorlu bir süreçtir. Çalışmamızda yenidoğan döneminde yoğun bakım yatışı olan bebeklerle, doğdukları andan itibaren anne-baba yanına verilen bebeklerin anne-baba stres düzeyleri ve ebeveyn psikopatolojilerini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Ayrıca anne babaların bu süreci daha iyi yönetebilmeleri adına değiştirilmesi ya da uygulanması gereken parametreleri belirlemek de amaçlarımız arasındadır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: : Ocak 2023 - Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında üçüncü basamak bir sağlık kuruluşu YYBÜ’ne yatışı olan 43 bebeğin ebeveynleri ile yenidoğan ve direk anne yanına verilen 103 bebeğin ebeveynleri değerlendirmeye alınmış, kendilerine çalışmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Anne-Baba Stres Ölçeği, Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI Form TX-I ve TX-II) ile Belirti Tarama Testi (SCL-90-R) doldurtulmuştur.BULGULAR: YYBÜ grubu bebeklerin doğum haftası ve doğum kilosu medyanı kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük bulunurken (sırasıyla; p&amp;lt;0.001, p=0.038)annelerinin düşük doğum yapma öyküsü yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.002). Ayrıca YYBÜ grubu bebeklerin babalarının çalışma durumu anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunurken (p=0.022), babalarında fiziksel sağlık sorunu bulunma oranı yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.017). YYBÜ grubu bebeklerin annelerinin SCL-90-Depresyon alt-skoru medyanı ile SCL-90-Kişilerarası duyarlılık alt-skoru medyanı yüksek bulunmuştur (sırasıyla; p=0.019, p=0.046).SONUÇ: Babanın çalışmama ve fiziksel hastalığa sahip olma durumları ailenin ekonomik sürecini etkileyebileceğinden gebelik öncesi ve süresince gerekli takip ve kontrollerde aksaklıklar ile bebeğin sağlık sürecinin etkilenmesine sebep olabileceği, sonuçta YYBÜ için dolaylı bir risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca YYBÜ’nde kalan bebeklerin annelerinde depresyon, kişiler arası duyarlılık gibi birtakım mental problemlerin de takibi önemlidir. Çalışmamız özellikle ailenin destek sisteminin güçlenmesinin, aile içi ekonomik güvencenin oluşturulmasının ve ebeveynin sağlık hizmetlerinden en iyi şekilde faydalanabilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>OBJECTIVE: Admission of infants to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during the neonatal period constitutes a distressing and challenging experience for parents. In our study, we aimed to compare parental stress levels and psychopathologies between infants admitted to the NICU during the neonatal period and infants roomed-in with parents from birth. Additionally, to identify parameters that need to be modified or implemented to better manage this process for parents is among our aims.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Parents of 43 infants admitted to a tertiary care NICU and parents of 103 infants roomed-in with direct maternal care from January 2023 to June 2023 were included in the study. They were assessed using a Sociodemographic Data Form, Parental Stress Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form TX-I and TX-II), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) administered by the researchers.RESULTS: The median gestational age and birth weight of infants in the NICU group were lower compared to the control group (p&amp;lt;0.001)(p=0.038), and a higher incidence of maternal history of preterm birth was found in the NICU group (p=0.002). Additionally, the NICU group had significantly lower paternal employment status (p=0.022) and a higher incidence of paternal physical health problems (p=0.017). The median SCL-90-Depression subscale score and SCL-90-Interpersonal Sensitivity subscale score were higher in mothers of infants in the NICU group (p=0.019)(p=0.046).CONCLUSIONS: The father&#039;s unemployment and physical illness can affect the family&#039;s economic situation, leading to disruptions in prenatal and perinatal care, which may affect the infant&#039;s health outcome, ultimately posing an indirect risk factor for NICU admission. Moreover, monitoring mental health problems such as depression and interpersonal sensitivity in mothers of NICU infants is crucial. Our study emphasizes the importance of strengthening the support system for families, establishing economic security within the family, and ensuring optimal utilization of health services by parents.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Yenidoğan yoğun bakımı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ebeveynlik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ruh Sağlığı.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Neonatal Intensive Care</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Parenting</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Mental Health.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">1. Chawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller AB, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. The Lancet global health. 2019;7(1):37-46.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">2. Caporali C, Pisoni C, Gasparini L, et al. A global perspective on parental stress in the neonatal intensive care 
unit: a meta-analytic study. Journal of Perinatology. 2020;40(12):1739-52.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">3. Hartzell G, Shaw RJ, Givrad S. Preterm infant mental health in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review of 
research on NICU parent‐infant interactions and maternal sensitivity. Infant Mental Health Journal. 
2023;44(6):837-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">4. Al Maghaireh DaF, Abdullah KL, Chan CM, et al. Systematic review of qualitative studies exploring parental 
experiences in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2016;25(19-20):2745-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">5. Alkozei A, McMahon E, Lahav A. Stress levels and depressive symptoms in NICU mothers in the early 
postpartum period. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal &amp; Neonatal Medicine. 2014;27(17):1738-43.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">6. Busse M, Stromgren K, Thorngate L, Thomas KA. Parents&#039; responses to stress in the neonatal intensive care 
unit. Critical Care Nurse. 2013;33(4):52-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">7. Yu X, Zhang J, Yuan L. Chinese parents&#039; lived experiences of having preterm infants in NICU: A qualitative 
study. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2020;50:48-54.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">8. Aagaard H, Hall EO. Mothers&#039; experiences of having a preterm infant in the neonatal care unit: a meta-
synthesis. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2008;23(3):26-36.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">9. Heermann JA, Wilson ME, Wilhelm PA. Mothers in the NICU: outsider to partner. Pediatric Nursing. 
2005;31(3):176.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">10. Murthy S, Guddattu V, Lewis L, et al. Stressors and support system among parents of neonates hospitalised 
with systemic infections: qualitative study in South India. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2021;106(1):20-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">11. Siva N, Phagdol T, S Nayak B, et al. Stress and stressors experienced by the parents of high‐risk neonates 
admitted in neonatal intensive care unit: Systematic review and meta‐analysis evidence available from India. 
Stress and Health. 2024;40(2):e3301.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">12. Roque ATF, Lasiuk GC, Radünz V, Hegadoren K. Scoping review of the mental health of parents of infants in 
the NICU. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic &amp; Neonatal Nursing. 2017;46(4):576-87.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">13. Shaw RJ, Deblois T, Ikuta L, et al. Acute stress disorder among parents of infants in the neonatal intensive 
care nursery. Psychosomatics. 2006;47(3):206-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">14. Segre LS, McCabe JE, Chuffo-Siewert R, et al. Depression and anxiety symptoms in mothers of newborns 
hospitalized on the neonatal intensive care unit. Nursing Research. 2014;63(5):320-32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">15. Zelkowitz P, Bardin C, Papageorgiou A. Anxiety affects the relationship between parents and their very low 
birth weight infants. Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication of the World Association for Infant Mental 
Health. 2007;28(3):296-313.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">16. Bonacquisti A, Geller PA, Patterson CA. Maternal depression, anxiety, stress, and maternal-infant attachment 
in the neonatal intensive care unit. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2020;38(3):297-310.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">17. Fadime K, Kontaş A, Gamzenur C, Gümüştekin Ö. Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakim Ünitesine Yatirilan Bebeklerin 
Ebeveynlerinde Stres Düzeyi Ve İlişkili Faktörler. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2022;26(1):1-8.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">18. Keklikçi Y, Dorum BA, Vatansever A. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde bebeği yatan ailelerin stres düzeyleri 
ve baş etme yöntemleri. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2020;27(2):160-5.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">19. Yayan EH, Özdemir M, Düken ME, Yeliz S. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde bebeği yatan ebeveynlerin stres 
düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;8(1):82-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">20. Abidin R. Parenting stress index-fourth edition (PSI-4). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources. 2012.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">21. Özmen SK, Özmen A. Anne baba stres ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi. 2012;42(196):20-35.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">22. Spielberger CD, Gonzalez-Reigosa F, Martinez-Urrutia A, Natalicio LF, Natalicio DS. The state-trait anxiety 
inventory. Interamerican Journal of Psychology. 1971;5:3 -4.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">23. Derogatis LR, Rickels K, Rock AF. The SCL-90 and the MMPI: A step in the validation of a new self-report scale. 
The British Journal of Psychiatry. 1976;128(3):280-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">24. Dag I. The reliability and validity of the Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R) for university students. Turk Psikiyatri 
Dergisi. 1991;2:5-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">25. Kılıç M. Belirti Tarama Listesi (SCL-90-R)&#039;nin geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik 
Dergisi. 1991;1(2):45-52.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">26. Preyde M, Ardal F. Effectiveness of a parent &quot;buddy&quot; program for mothers of very preterm infants in a 
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Cmaj. 2003;168(8):969-73.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">27. Meriç Avci S. Hacettepe üniversitesi Hastanesinde bebekleri yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan ve 
yatmayan annelerin riskli gebelik ve doğum öncesi bakımı yönünden karşılaştırılması: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 
2011.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">28. Yılmaz Ç. Havacılık sektöründe vardiyalı ve normal mesaili çalışanların bazı demografik değişkenlere göre SCL 90 açısından incelenmesi Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü 2016.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
