API 610 BB3 TİPİ ÇOK KADEMELİ SANTRİFÜJ POMPANIN HİDROLİK PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNDE YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜNÜN ETKİSİ: DENEYSEL–CFD BİR ÇALIŞMA

Abstract

Bu çalışma, yüzey pürüzlülüğünün API 610 BB3 tipi çok kademeli bir santrifüj pompanın hidrolik performansı üzerindeki etkisini deneysel testler ve CFD analizleri kullanarak incelemektedir. Dört kademeli pompa, kapalı devre bir test düzeneğinde 2900 dev/dk hızında çalıştırılmış ve farklı debilerde basma yüksekliği ile verim karakteristikleri ölçülmüştür. Temel hidrolik bileşenlerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü temas uçlu bir profilometre ile karakterize edilmiş; sayısal modelde ks = 0, 25, 50 ve 73 µm eşdeğer kum pürüzlülüğü seviyeleri uygulanmıştır. SST k–ω türbülans modeli ve pürüzlü duvar fonksiyonları kullanılarak, kaçak yolları ve geri dönüş kanallarını içeren tam kademeli bir akış alanı üzerinde üç boyutlu RANS simülasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sayısal sonuçlar deneysel verilerle iyi bir uyum sergilemiş ve ks = 73 µm durumunun ölçülen Q–H ve Q–η eğrilerini nicel olarak en iyi temsil ettiği görülmüştür. Artan pürüzlülük, basma yüksekliği ve verimde sistematik bir azalmaya yol açmakta; hidrolik kayıpların büyümesi nedeniyle bu etki yüksek debilerde daha belirgin hale gelmektedir. Duvar kayma gerilmesi ve türbülans kinetik enerjisi konturları, çark çıkışında ve dil–salyangoz etkileşim bölgesinde genişleyen yüksek kayıplı bölgeleri ortaya koyarak gözlemlenen performans bozulmasından sorumlu fiziksel mekanizmaları açıklığa kavuşturmaktadır.

Keywords

• Santrifüj Pompa
• Çok Kademeli Pompa
• API 610 BB3
• Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü
• HAD
• Türbomakinalar
• Hidrolik Performans

Supporting Institution

Deneysel çalışma, Standart Pompa ve Makina San. Tic. A.Ş.’nin imkânları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma insan katılımcıları, hayvan deneylerini veya hassas kişisel verileri içermemektedir. Bu nedenle etik kurul onayı gerekmemiştir.

Thanks

Yazar, deneysel ölçümler sırasında test imkânı ve teknik destek sağlayan Standart Pompa ve Makina San. Tic. A.Ş.’ye ve değerli yönlendirme ve katkıları için Doç. Dr. Abdulkerim OKBAZ ve Prof. Dr. Zehra YUMURTACI’ya teşekkür eder.

SURFACE ROUGHNESS INFLUENCE ON THE HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF AN API 610 BB3 MULTISTAGE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP: AN EXPERIMENTAL–CFD STUDY

Abstract

Surface roughness affects the hydraulic performance and energy efficiency of API 610 BB3 (between-bearings, axially split, multistage) pumps used in oil, gas, and petrochemical service. We quantify its impact using experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A four-stage pump was tested at 2900 rpm on a closed-loop rig, and head–flow-rate (Q–Hm) and efficiency–flow-rate (Q–η) characteristics were measured over 30–90 m³/h. Surface roughness of the main hydraulic components was measured using a profilometer and represented in the numerical model by equivalent sand-grain roughness values ks = 0, 25, 50, and 73 µm applied to all wetted walls. Three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations were performed using the SST k–ω turbulence model with rough-wall functions on a domain including leakage and return channels. The ks = 73 µm case agrees with the measured curves, with the efficiency deviation limited to ~4.1% within 45–90 m³/h, whereas larger deviations occur at 30 m³/h due to part-load operation. Near the best-efficiency region, increasing ks from 0 to 73 µm reduces head by 5.94% and efficiency by 6.62 percentage points. Neglecting roughness overestimates performance; realistic roughness is required for CFD-based prediction of API 610 BB3 pumps.

Keywords

• API 610 BB3
• Centrifugal Pump
• CFD
• Hydraulic Performance
• Multistage Pump
• Surface Roughness

Supporting Institution

The experimental work was carried out using the facilities of Standart Pompa ve Makina San. Tic. A.Ş.

Ethical Statement

This study does not involve human participants, animal experiments, or any sensitive personal data. Therefore, ethics committee approval was not required.

Thanks

The author would like to thank Standart Pompa ve Makina San. Tic. A.Ş. for providing the test facilities and technical support during the experimental measurements, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdulkerim Okbaz and Prof. Dr. Zehra Yumurtacı for their valuable guidance and contributions.

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