A PARAMETRIC STUDY OF THE OPTIMUM SHEAR WALL AREA FOR MID-TO HIGH-RISE RC BUILDINGS

Abstract

In this article, a structural analysis was conducted on a total of 40 building models with
varying building height and wall dimensions in order to determine the optimum ratio of shear wall area
to floor area in a reinforced concrete building. For this purpose, 20, 30 and 40 story buildings were
selected to investigate the effect of varying building heights on their structural behaviors. A parametric
study on shear wall areas was conducted base on varying shear wall area to floor area ratios. Building
models, therefore, included no wall and walls with 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2.0% area ratios applied in
combined x and y directions. Each of these models was subjected to response spectrum analysis using
the forces generated according to the 2018 dated Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC 18) and 2016 dated
American Building Code (ASCE 7-16). The buildings were assumed to be all office buildings located in a
severe seismic zone region, Avcilar, Istanbul. The 30 and 40 story buildings due to their total heights had
to be considered tall in line with the requirements in TEC 18. The additional requirements were also
included in the analysis to understand the impact of tall buildings on the optimum shear wall
determination. Therefore, the following parameters were investigated for the optimum shear wall area
to floor area ratio: (a) building periods, (b) base shear and shear forces resisted by all shear walls, and (c)
maximum lateral displacements and story drifts. The impact of effective wall layout configuration on
structural behavior was also investigated by studying the 2.0% wall area ratio. The results indicated that
the most effective ratios of shear wall area to floor area for the 20 and 30 story buildings were equal to
1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. However, the need for the wall area of the 40 story building was slightly
more than 2.0%. However, as the wall layout was revised for the building with the 2.0% wall area ratio,
the requirement for the wall area was nearly met indicating that the 2.0% wall area ratio could also be
recommended for the 40 story building.

Keywords

• Shear Wall Ratio
• Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Earthquake Engineering
• Seismic Codes

Orta ve Yüksek Katlı Betonarme Binalarda Optimum Perde Duvar Alanının Belirlenmesi Yönelik Parametrik Çalışma

Abstract

Bu makalede, betonarme binalarda en uygun perde duvar alanının kat planı alanına olan oranını

belirlemek için farklı bina ve duvar ölçülerine sahip toplam 40 bina üzerinde yapısal analizler

gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı bina yüksekliklerinin yapısal davranışlarına etkisini anlamak için sırası ile 20,

30 ve 40 katlı üç tür bina seçilmiştir. Farklı perde duvar alanlarının kat planı alanına olan oranları

değiştirilerek perde duvarlar üzerinde parametrik bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, bina

modelleri perde duvar içeren ve içermeyen binalar olmak üzere hazırlanmıştır. Perde duvar içeren

modellerde x ve y yönlerinin toplamında sırası ile % 0.5, % 1, % 1.5 ve % 2.0 oranlarına sahip perde

duvar kullanımı sağlanmıştır. Bu modellerin her biri, Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği 2018 (TBDY 18)

ve Amerikan Bina Yönetmeliği 2016 (ASCE 7-16) yönetmeliklerine göre belirlenen deprem kuvvetleri

kullanılarak mod birleştirme yöntemine uygun olarak deprem analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Toplam

yapı yüksekliği nedeniyle 30 ve 40 katlı olan binalar, TBDY 18'deki koşullara göre yüksek bina olarak tasarlanmış ve analizleri yapılmıştır. Böylelikle, yüksek binaların optimum perde duvar alanı oranına olan etkisi anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsam dahilinde optimum perde duvar alanının toplam kat alanına oranı belirlenirken şu parametreler detaylı olarak incelenmiştir: (a) bina periyotları, (b) taban kesme kuvveti ve perde duvarların karşı koyduğu kesme kuvveti miktarı ve (c) maksimum yatay deplasmanlar ile göreli kat öteleme miktarları. Ayrıca, etkili perde duvar kullanımının yapısal analizler üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amacı ile % 2.0 perde oranına sahip bina örnek olarak ele alınmıştır.

Sonuçlara göre en uygun perde duvar alanı, 20 ve 30 katlı binalarda sırası ile yaklaşık olarak % 1.5 ve % 2.0 olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Fakat 40 katlı binada ihtiyaç duyulan perde duvar alanı % 2.0’den biraz fazla olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bununla birlikte, % 2.0 oranına sahip farklı bir perde duvar yerleşimi ile hedeflenen yük taşıma oranına ulaşılacağı belirlenmiştir.

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Keywords

• Perde Duvar Alan Oranı
• Betonarme Binalar
• Deprem Mühendisliği
• Deprem Yönetmelikleri

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