Düşük Maliyetli Silika Aerojel Kompozitlerin Morfolojik, Yapısal ve Termal Özellikleri

Öz

Silika aerojeller günümüzde umut vadeden özellikleriyle birçok alanda ilgi görmektedir. Silika aerojellerin özelliklerini geliştirmek ve malzeme maliyetini azaltmak amacıyla yüksek oranda silika içeren ucuz malzemelerden silika aerojel kompozitlerin hazırlanması gibi yaklaşımlar geliştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sol-jel metodu kullanılarak polietilen glikol (PEG)/silika ve karbon siyahı (CB)/silika aerojel kompozitler kolayca hazırlanmıştır. Kompozitlerin morfolojik özellikleri alan emisyonlu taramalı elektron mikroskobu (FESEM) analizi ile incelenmiştir. PEG ve CB ilavesinin, silika aerojelin yapısal özellikleri üzerinde olumlu etkileri olmuştur. PEG ve CB ilavesiyle silika aerojelin spesifik yüzey alanı 477 m2/g’den sırasıyla 541 m2/g ve 553 m2/g’ye artmıştır. Ayrıca silika aerojel kompozitler, silika aerojelden daha yüksek gözenek hacmi ve gözenek boyutu göstermiştir. En yüksek termal kararlığı CB/silika aerojel kompozitin gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Malzemelerin yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak PEG ve CB ilavesiyle silika aerojelin termal iletkenliği (0.035 W/m K) kısmen artmıştır. PEG/silika ve CB/silika aerojel kompozitlerin yoğunluğu sırasıyla 0.048 g/cm3 ve 0.067 g/cm3 olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar silika aerojel kompozitlerin sahip oldukları olumlu özellikleri sayesinde birçok uygulamada kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Silika aerojel
• Kompozit malzeme
• Morfolojik özellikler
• Yapısal özellikler
• Termal özellikler

MORPHOLOGICAL, TEXTURAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF LOW-COST SILICA AEROGEL COMPOSITES

Abstract

Nowadays, silica aerogels with promising properties have gained interest in many fields. To enhance properties of the silica aerogels and reduce material cost, many approaches such as preparation of silica aerogels composites using low-cost precursors rich in silica have been developed. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG)/silica and carbon black (CB)/silica aerogel composites were easily prepared by sol-gel method. Morphological properties of the composites were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. PEG and CB incorporation improved textural properties of the silica aerogel. Specific surface area of the silica aerogel was increased from 477 m2/g to 541 m2/g and 553 m2/g with the addition of PEG and CB, respectively. Moreover, silica aerogel composites showed higher pore volume and pore size than silica aerogel. It was determined that CB/silica aerogel composite exhibited the highest thermal stability. Thermal conductivity of the silica aerogel (0.035 W/m K) slightly increased with PEG and CB addition highly depending on bulk density. The bulk density of PEG/silica and CB/silica aerogel composites was specified as 0.048 g/cm3 and 0.067 g/cm3, respectively. The obtained results showed that silica aerogel composites with hopeful properties can be used in many applications.

Keywords

• Silica aerogel
• Composite material
• Morphological properties
• Textural properties
• Thermal properties

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