Sürdürülebilir Tedarikçi Seçimi için Aralık Tip-2 Bulanık Kural Tabanlı BWM Yaklaşımı

Abstract

Bulanık mantık, insana özgü yaklaşık akıl yürütmeye dayalı bir teoridir ve uygulamaları, klasik yöntemlerin içinden çıkamadığı durumlara daha etkili ve basit çözümler sunabilmektedir. Tip-1 bulanık küme, 0 ile 1 arasında bir üyelik derecesi atanan sürekli (keskin) bir üyelik derecesine sahip olan ve üyelik fonksiyonları ile karakterize edilen bir kümedir. Belirsizliği daha iyi ifade etme gücüne sahip olan Tip-2 bulanık kümeler, o kümedeki her elemana ait üyelik derecelerinin de bir bulanık küme işaret ettiği üyelik fonksiyonları ile belirtilir. Bu sayede Tip-2 bulanık kümeler, bulanık küme teorisine üyelik fonksiyonları belirsizliğini dâhil etmemize izin verir. Uzman bilgisinin kullanılması ve karar verici etkisinin düzeyini yansıtmak için insan duyarlılığının kullanılması bulanık kural tabanlı bir sistem olarak ifade edilmektedir. Son zamanlarda bulanık kuralların çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri ile birlikte sıklıkla kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Yine bulanık kuralların Tip-2 bulanık sayılarla birleştirilmesi de mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada, ÇKKV yöntemlerinden biri olan En İyi En Kötü Yöntemi (BWM), Aralık Tip-2'ye dayalı bulanık kurallarla bütünleştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen hibrit yöntem Aralık Tip-2 Bulanık Kural Tabanlı BWM Yaklaşımı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Önerilen hibrit yöntem, özellikle benzer sıralama konumlarına sahip alternatifler olduğunda bir etki faktörüne sahip olduğundan önemlidir. Nitekim her alternatifte küçük bir fark olsa bile farkı daha iyi (daha hassas) göstererek önerilen yöntemi güçlü ve benzersiz kılmaktadır. Önerilen yaklaşım, BWM ile karşılaştırmalı olarak sürdürülebilir bir tedarikçi seçimi problemine uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, IT2 FRB BWM yaklaşımının klasik BWM yöntemine göre alternatifleri sıralamada daha başarılı olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• BWM
• Aralık Tip-2 Bulanık Kümeler
• ÇKKV
• Kural Tabanlı Sistem
• Tedarikçi Seçimi
• Sürdürülebilirlik

INTERVAL TYPE-2 FUZZY RULE-BASED BWM APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLIER SELECTION

Abstract

Fuzzy logic is a theory based on human-specific approximate reasoning. Therefore, fuzzy logic applications can bring simple and more effective solutions to situations that classical methods cannot overcome. The type-1 fuzzy set is a set, which has a continuous (crisp) membership degree to which a membership degree between 0 and 1 is assigned, and is characterised by membership functions. Type-2 fuzzy sets, which have the power to express uncertainty better, are expressed by membership functions, where the membership degrees of each element belonging to that set also specify a fuzzy set.Therefore, type-2 fuzzy sets allow us to include the membership functions uncertainty in fuzzy set theory. Using expert knowledge and using sensitivity of human to reflect the level of the decision maker influence is expressed as a fuzzy rule based system. Recently, it has been seen that fuzzy rules are frequently used together with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. Again, combining fuzzy rules with type-2 fuzzy numbers is also found. In this study, the Best Worst Method (BWM), one of the MCDM methods, has been integrated with fuzzy rules based interval type-2. The developed hybrid method was defined as Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Rule-Based BWM (IT2 FRB BWM). The proposed hybrid method has an important place when there are alternatives with similar ranking positions. Thus, even if there is a small difference in each alternative, it will show the difference better (more sensitively). This makes the proposed hybrid method forceful and unique.The proposed approach has been applied to a sustainable supplier selection problem comparatively with the BWM. The results show that the IT2 FRB BWM approach is more successful in ordering alternatives than the classical BWM method.

Keywords

• BWM
• Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets
• MCDM
• Rule-Based System
• Supplier Selection
• Sustainability

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