BİR FAZLI DGM DOĞRULTUCU İÇİN LCL FİLTRE TASARIMI VE AKTİF GÜÇ KONTROLÜ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 745 - 756, 01.12.2020

Akif Karafil Harun Özbay

https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.671656

Öz

Darbe genişlik modülasyonlu (DGM) doğrultucu devrelerinin, geleneksel diyotlu doğrultucu devrelerine göre en önemli avantajları DA geriliminin ve güç faktörünün ayarlanabilir olmasıdır. Fakat DGM doğrultucu devrelerinde sert anahtarlama durumu oluştuğundan dolayı şebekede yüksek dereceli akım harmonikleri oluşur. Yüksek dereceli bu akım harmoniklerinin azaltılabilmesi için şebeke tarafında bir filtre kullanılması gerekir. Birçok filtre çeşidi bulunmasına rağmen LCL tipi filtre en çok kullanılan filtre tipidir. Bu çalışmada LCL filtre hesabı yapılarak aktif güç kontrollü bir fazlı DGM doğrultucu devresine ait benzetim ve deneysel sonuçlar verilmiştir. Çalışmanın benzetimi PSIM programında yapılmıştır. Sistemde tüm kontrol yazılımı için program içerisindeki C bloğuna kodlar yazılmış ve program tarafından gömülü kod üretilmiştir. Sistem 400 W aktif güç aktaracak şekilde tasarlanmış olup güç kontrolü için PI, akım kontrolü için PR denetleyici ve şebeke frekans kontrolü için T/4 gecikmeli faz kilitleme döngü (FKD) algoritması kullanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aktif güç kontrolü, Bir fazlı DGM doğrultucu, LCL filtre

LCL Filter Design and Active Power Control for Single Phase PWM Rectifier

Öz

The most important advantage of pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifier circuits over traditional diode rectifier circuits are the adjustable DC voltage and power factor. However, due to the hard switching condition in the PWM rectifier circuits, high order current harmonics occur in the grid.
In order to reduce these high order harmonics, a filter must be used on the grid side. Although there are many filter types, the LCL type filter is the most commonly used filter type. In this study, simulation and experimental results of active power controlled single phase PWM rectifier circuit were presented by calculating LCL filter. The simulation of the study was conducted in the PSIM program. All control software of the system was achieved by writing codes to the C block in the program, and the embedded codes were produced by the program. The system was designed to transfer 400 W active power and PI was used for power control, PR controller for current control and T/4 delay phase locking loop (PLL)

Anahtar Kelimeler

Active power control, Single phase PWM rectifier, LCL filter

Kaynakça

• Athari, H., Niroomand, M., Ataei, M., 2017, “Review and Classification of Control Systems in Grid-Tied Inverters”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 72, pp. 1167-1176.
• Bielskis, E., Baskys, A., Valiulis, G., 2020, “Controller for the Grid-Connected Microinverter Output Current Tracking”, Symmetry, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 112.
• Ciobotaru, M., Teodorescu, R., Blaabjerg, F., “A New Single-Phase PLL Structure Based on Second Order Generalized Integrator”, In 2006 37th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Jeju, South Korea, 1-6, 18-22 June 2006.
• Dannehl, J., Fuchs, F. W., Hansen, S., “PWM Rectifier with LCL-Filter Using Different Current Control Structures”, 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Aalborg, Denmark, 1-10, 2-5 Sept. 2007.
• De Freitas, T. R., Menegáz, P. J., Simonetti, D. S., 2016, “Rectifier Topologies for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator on Wind Energy Conversion Systems: A Review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 54, pp. 1334-1344.
• Dos Santos Coelho, L., 2009, “Tuning of PID Controller for An Automatic Regulator Voltage System Using Chaotic Optimization Approach”, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 1504-1514.
• Gou, B., Ge, X., Wang, S., Feng, X., Kuo, J. B., Habetler, T. G., 2016, “An Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Method for Single-Phase PWM Rectifier Using a Model-Based Approach in High-Speed Railway Electrical Traction Drive System”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 3816-3826.
• Heredero-Peris, D., Chillón-Antón, C., Sánchez-Sánchez, E., Montesinos-Miracle, D., 2019, “Fractional Proportional-Resonant Current Controllers for Voltage Source Converters”, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 168, pp. 20-45.
• Karafil, A., Özbay, H., Öncü, S., “Bir Fazlı Şebeke Etkileşimli Evirici Tasarımı İçin LCL Filtre Analizi”, Int. Conf. on Data Sci. and Appl. (ICONDATA), Yalova, Türkiye, 554-558, 4-7 Oct. 2018.
• Karafil, A., Özbay, H., 2019, “Power Control of Single Phase Active Rectifier”, Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 332-336.
• Karafil, A., Özbay, H., Öncü, S., 2020, “Design and Analysis of Single Phase Grid Tied Inverter with PDM MPPT Controlled Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 35, No. 5, 4756- 4766.
• Karafil, A., 2020, “Pasif Seri Sönümleme Direncinin LCL Filtreli Bir Fazlı Şebeke Etkileşimli Evirici Üzerine Etkisi”, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, http://doi:10.5505/pajes.2020.99896.
• Komurcugil, H., Altin, N., Ozdemir, S., Sefa, I., 2016, “Lyapunov-Function and Proportional-Resonant- Based Control Strategy for Single-Phase Grid-Connected VSI with LCL Filter”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 63, No. 5, pp. 2838-2849.
• Lakshmi, M. B., Thangasankaran, R., Gnanavadivel, J., Christa, S. J., “Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Controlled Single Phase PWM Rectifier”, 2018 Second International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA), Coimbatore, India, 1974-1979, 29-31 March 2018.
• Li, S., Fu, X., Ramezani, M., Sun, Y., Won, H., 2015, “A Novel Direct-Current Vector Control Technique for Single-Phase Inverter with L, LC and LCL Filters”, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 125, pp. 235-244.
• Lin, B. R., Yang, T. Y., 2004, “Single-Phase Half-Bridge Rectifier with Power Factor Correction”, IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications, Vol. 151, No. 4, pp. 443-450.
• Liu, Y., Xu, J., Shuai, Z., Li, Y., Cui, G., Hu, S., Xie, B., 2020, “Passivity-Based Decoupling Control Strategy of Single-Phase LCL-Type VSRs for Harmonics Suppression in Railway Power Systems”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 117, 105698.
• Malesani, L., Mattavelli, P., Buso, S., 1999, “Robust Dead-Beat Current Control for PWM Rectifiers and Active Filters”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 613-620.
• Mansouri, M., Kaboli, S. H. A., Selvaraj, J., Rahim, N. A., “A Review of Single Phase Power Factor Correction AC-DC Converters. In 2013 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CEAT), Lankgkawi, Malaysia, 389-394, 18-20 Nov. 2013.
• Mora, D., Núñez, C., Visairo, N., Segundo, J., Camargo, E., 2019, “Control for Three-Phase LCL-Filter PWM Rectifier with BESS-Oriented Application”, Energies, Vol. 12, No. 21, 4093.
• Pan, L., Zhang, C., 2017, “Model Predictive Control of a Single-Phase PWM Rectifier for Electric Vehicle Charger”, Energy Procedia, Vol. 105, pp. 4027-4033.
• Pandove, G., Trivedi, A., Singh, M., 2016, “Repetitive Control-Based Single-Phase Bidirectional Rectifier with Enhanced Performance”, IET Power Electronics, Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 1029-1036.
• Pichan, M., Ahmad, A. A., Abrishamifar, A., Fazeli, M., “Simple and Efficient Design and Control of the Single Phase PWM Rectifier for UPS Applications”, 2017 8th Power Electronics, Drive Systems & Technologies Conference (PEDSTC), Mashhad, Iran, 383-388, 14-16 Feb. 2017.
• Singh, B., Singh, B. N., Chandra, A., Al-Haddad, K., Pandey, A., Kothari, D. P., 2003, “A Review of Single-Phase Improved Power Quality AC-DC Converters”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 962-981.
• Song, W., Deng, Z., Wang, S., Feng, X., 2016, “A Simple Model Predictive Power Control Strategy for Single-Phase PWM Converters with Modulation Function Optimization”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 31, No. 7, pp. 5279-5289.
• Sun, W., Chen, Z., Wu, X., “Intelligent Optimize Design of LCL Filter for Three-Phase Voltage-Source PWM Rectifier”, In 2009 IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Wuhan, China, 970-974, 17-20 May 2009.
• Teodorescu, R., Blaabjerg, F., Liserre, M., Loh, P. C., 2006, “Proportional-Resonant Controllers and Filters for Grid-Connected Voltage-Source Converters”, IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications, Vol. 153, No. 5, pp. 750-762.
• Wang, P., Bi, Y., Gao, F., Song, T., Zhang, Y., 2019, “An Improved Deadbeat Control Method for Single- Phase PWM Rectifiers in Charging System for EVs”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 68, No. 10, pp. 9672-9681.
• Yang, Y., Blaabjerg, F., “Synchronization in Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Faults”, 2012 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), Aalborg, Denmark, 476-482, 25-28 June 2012.
• Zhang, N., Tang, H., Yao, C., 2014, “A Systematic Method for Designing A PR Controller and Active Damping of the LCL Filter for Single-Phase Grid-Connected PV Inverters”, Energies, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 3934-3954.
• Zhang, C., Yu, S., Ge, X., 2019, “A Stationary-Frame Current Vector Control Strategy for Single-Phase PWM Rectifier”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 68, No. 3, pp. 2640-2651.
• Zhigang, G., Hui, F., “Hysteresis Control with Constant Switching Frequency of Single-Phase PWM Rectifier”, 2015 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Pattaya, Thailand, 559-563, 25-28 Oct. 2015.