Elekromiyostimülasyon Tarihçesi, Etki Mekanizmaları ve Kullanım Alanları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 499 - 521, 30.04.2025

Selin Özden , Serpil Aközcan Pehlivanoğlu

Öz

Elektromiyostimülasyon (EMS), fizik tedavide ve sporcular tarafından antrenman amaçlı kullanılan düşük frekanslı elektroterapi uygulamasıdır. EMS, doğrudan iskelet kaslarının uyarılmasını amaçlayan, nöromüsküler eğitim ve farklı patolojilerin rehabilitasyon sürecini kolaylaştırmak için tasarlanan etkili bir yöntemdir. EMS uygulamalarında bireye elektrotlar yoluyla farklı seviyelerde akım uygulanarak kas ve sinir dokularına elektrik sinyalleri gönderilmektedir. EMS’nin farklı amaçlara yönelik kullanımlarında çeşitli parametreler kullanılmaktadır. Parametrelerin değiştirilmesi sonucunda, kaslar farklı şekillerde uyarılarak çeşitli amaçlara yönelik tedaviler mümkün olabilmektedir. Rehabilitasyon ortamında genellikle zayıf kaslarda, yaralanma sonrasında veya farklı hastalıklarda kas fonksiyonunun iyileştirilmesi amacıyla tercih edilmektedir. Özellikle sağlıklı bireylerde kas kütlesinin yeniden oluşturulması ve geleneksel egzersiz eğitim programlarını uygulayamayan hastalarda yaygın olarak uygulanmaktadır. EMS, antrenmanlara destek sağlamak amacıyla sporcuların kas gücü hedeflerine zaman açısından verimli bir şekilde ulaşmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Tüm vücut elektromiyostimülasyonu (WB-EMS) uygulaması da tüm büyük kasları aktive edici özelliği sayesinde son yıllarda popülerlik kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, EMS uygulamasını tanımlamak, tarihi gelişimi, etki mekanizmaları ve uygulamaları hakkında genel bir bakış açısı sunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektroterapi , Elektriksel uyarım , Elektromiyostimülasyon , Elektriksel Kas Stimülasyonu

Kaynakça

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