Efficacy of 5-azacytidine in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with monosomy 7: prolonged clinical success in an elderly patient

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a myeloid malignancy characterized by relentless proliferation of immature myeloid blasts. Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)-related Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the transformation of myelodysplastic cells into an aggressive form of leukemia, marked by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal myeloid precursors and impaired hematopoiesis. This case report delves into the intricate management and prolonged clinical success of a 77-year-old male diagnosed with MDS-related AML featuring monosomy 7, severe left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) heart failure, and chronic renal disease. Despite challenging laboratory findings at diagnosis and unfavorable monosomy 7 cytogenetics, the patient achieved an unexpectedly positive outcome following treatment with 5-azacytidine.This intricate case presentation not only highlights the challenges posed by advanced age, chronic disease-specific considerations, and the interplay of multiple comorbidities but also underscores the potential for tailored therapeutic interventions to transcend conventional prognostic expectations and yield prolonged clinical success.