Sütçü Sığırlarda Klinik ve Subklinik Ketozis ile İlişkili Üreme Performansı, Süt Verim Parametreleri ve Bazı Postpartum Hastalıklar

Öz

Negatif enerji dengesi (NEB), süt sığırlarında gebelikten laktasyona geçiş sırasında ortaya çıkan fizyolojik bir durumdur. Bu geçiş dönemi, kuru madde alımındaki azalma ve süt üretimi için artan enerji ihtiyacı ile ilişkilidir. Ketozis, sıklıkla doğumdan hemen sonra ortaya çıkan bir metabolik bozukluktur ve düşük glukoz seviyeleri, azalmış karaciğer glikojeni ve artan keton cisimcikleri konsantrasyonları ile karakterizedir. Bu çalışma, subklinik ve klinik ketozise sahip ineklerde ketozisin süt verimine, üreme parametrelerine ve postpartum metabolik hastalıklara etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma, ikinci ve üçüncü laktasyon dönemlerindeki 267 sağlıklı, gebe Holstein ineklerini kapsamaktadır. Gruplar, doğum sonrası üçüncü gün beta-hidroksibütirat (BHBA) seviyelerine göre oluşturuldu. Gruplar, kontrol (BHBA < 1.2 mmol/dL), subklinik ketozis (BHBA = 1.2-2.4 mmol/dL) ve klinik ketozis (BHBA > 2.4 mmol/dL) gruplarından oluşmaktadır. Sonuçlar, doğum sırasında daha yüksek vücut kondisyon skorlarının (VKS) doğum sonrası ketozis riski ile ilişkilendirildiğini göstermiştir (p<0.001). Subklinik ketozis, gebelik başına daha fazla tohumlama (p<0.01), servis periyodunun uzaması (p<0.001) ve ilk tohumlama gebelik oranlarında düşüşe (p>0.05) yol açmıştır. Klinik ketozis grubunun pik süt verimine ulaşma süresinin daha uzun olduğu (p<0.001) ve daha yüksek pik süt verimine (p<0.01) sahip olduğu görüldü. Klinik ketozis olan ineklerde septik metritis insidansı (p<0.01) daha yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, çalışmada ketozisin, üreme parametreleri, süt verimi ve metabolik hastalık insidansı üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sahip olduğunu görüldü. Ayrıca, süt sığırlarının geçiş döneminde ketozis riskini değerlendirmede ve yönetmede VKS’nin önemi vurgulandı. Çalışmanın daha fazla hayvan materyali ve daha fazla parametre ile değerlendirmesinin daha anlamlı sonuçlar verebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sığır
• besleme
• mastitis
• metritis
• negatif enerji dengesi

Reproductive Performance, Milk Yield Parameters, and Some Postpartum Diseases That Are Associated with Clinical And Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Cows

Öz

Negative energy balance (NEB) is a physiological state that arises during the transition from pregnancy to lactation in dairy cows. This transition period is associated with a decline in dry matter intake and an increased demand for energy sources for milk production. Ketosis, a metabolic disorder, often emerges shortly after calving and is characterized by reduced glucose levels, depleted liver glycogen, and elevated ketone body concentrations. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of ketosis on milk yield, reproductive parameters, and postpartum metabolic diseases in cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis. The study involved 267 healthy pregnant Holstein dairy cows in the second and third lactation periods. Groups were formed based on postpartum third-day beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) levels. The groups included control (BHBA < 1.2 mmol/dL; n=101), subclinical ketosis (BHBA = 1.2-2.4 mmol/dL; n=90), and clinical ketosis (BHBA > 2.4 mmol/dL; n=76) groups. Results indicated that higher body condition scores (BCS) during calving were associated with an increased risk of postpartum ketosis (p<0.001). Subclinical ketosis led to a higher number of inseminations per pregnancy (p<0.01), extended service periods (p<0.001), and decreased pregnancy rates at first insemination (p>0.05). It was observed that the clinical ketosis group had a longer time to reach peak milk yield (p<0.001) and a higher peak milk yield (p<0.01). The incidence of septic metritis was found to be higher in cows with clinical ketosis (p<0.01). Consequently, the study revealed that ketosis has negative effects on reproductive parameters and the incidence of metabolic diseases. Additionally, the importance of BCS in assessing and managing the risk of ketosis in dairy cows during the transition period was emphasized. It is believed that further evaluation of the study with more animal material and additional parameters could yield more meaningful results. Key Words: cattle, feeding, mastitis, metritis negative energy balance

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cattle
• feeding
• mastitis
• metritis negative energy balance

Kaynakça

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