Aviation Security: Illusion of Safety or Reality?

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 30.01.2019

Sotirios Kalfoglou

Öz

Security is a
complicated concept where people have to be secure and also feel it. Serious
risk calculations determine the fact but also the feeling has to be included in
the policy development. Because people are generally are scared by spectacular
risks. The controllable risks seem to be less scary but the uncontrollable are
considered important. Therefore, aviation is believed to be higher than the
driving whereas the contrary is the reality. Technology and media are the two
parameters that count for the awareness of people concerning the risks.
Aviation and airline security became very important following the 9/11 attack
in USA. This attack ended up with a huge crisis and people were ready to give
up their freedoms to guarantee security. It is known that airport security was
fragmented before 9/11. It was not practiced seriously, it resembled a security
theater for the passengers and companies believed that terrorist attacks were
limited. Things have changed today. Following 9/11 the system in USA became
state controlled 50000 transportation security officers are scanning
passengers. Hardening cockpit doors, crew passenger resistance and federal air
marshal service are added to the security system. Despite all these
precautions, absolute security cannot be reached but, in any case, the
psychological parameter has always to be a matter to consider.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Security, Risk, Aviation, Terror, Security Theater

Havacılıkta Güvenlik: Gerçek mi İllüzyon mu?

Öz

Güvenlik, insanlara sağlanan ancak aynı zamanda hissedilebilmesi gereken karmaşık bir kavramdır. Güvenlik gereksinim oranı, risk hesaplamaları ile gerçekleşirken politika oluşturmak kişi psikolojisi ve duygularını da hesaba katarak gerçekleştirilmelidir. İnsanoğlu genellikle olağanüstü risklerden korkar ve kontrol edilebilir riskler daha az korkutucu gibi görünür. Oysa gerçek risk farklı olabilir. Örneğin hava taşımacılığı sayılara bakıldığında kara taşımacılığından çok daha az risklidir ancak hava taşımacılığından korkulur. Teknoloji ve medya, risklerle ilgili insanların farkındalığını sağlayan iki önemli parametredir. ABD'de 11 Eylül saldırısının ardından havacılık ve havayolu güvenliği medyanın da katkısı ile büyük önem kazandı. Bu saldırı sonunda insanlar güvenliği garanti etmek için özgürlüklerinden dahi vazgeçmeyi kabul eder duruma geldiler. Havaalanı güvenliği 11 Eylül'den önce önemsenmeyip, yolcular için bir güvenlik tiyatrosuna benzemekte idi. Havayolu şirketleri terörist saldırıların sınırlı olduğu kanısını paylaşırlardı. 11 Eylül'den sonra ABD'de sistem kontrollü hale getirilerek 50 000 taşımacılık güvenlik görevlisi yolcuları tarar hale gelmiştir. Güvenlik sistemine kokpit kapılarının sertleştirilmesi, mürettebat-yolcu direnişi sağlanması ve federal hava kolluk kuvvetleri hizmeti eklenmiştir. Tüm bu önlemlere rağmen, mutlak güvenliğe ulaşılamaz olduğu anlaşılmaktadır, ancak her durumda, psikolojik parametrenin her zaman göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği bir gerçektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güvenlik, Risk, Havacılık, Terör, Güvenlik Tiyatrosu

Kaynakça

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