2003 Sonrası Irak'ta Etnisite Temelli İstikrarsızlık

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 113 - 124, 14.07.2020

Roxanne Shakor

Öz

Soğuk Savaş’tan sonra, etnik
çeşitlilik daha önemli hale gelmiştir. İç çatışmaların etnik çeşitlilik ve
ülkelerin siyasi istikrarı üzerindeki etkisi göz önüne alındığında birçok
kanaat önderi tarafından etnik çeşitlilik olgusuna özel bir önem atfedilmiştir.
Irak da kültürel, dilbilimsel, dini ve ulusal farklılaşmanın doğası
çerçevesinde etnik çeşitlilik ile şekillendirilmiş bu ülkeler arasında yer
almaktadır. Irak, 2003'ten önce tek bir parti yönetimi altındaydı. Etnik köken,
politik yaşamda hiçbir rol oynamıyordu. Oysa yeni Irak Anayasası siyaset
hayatında etnik topluluklara daha fazla rol vermiştir. Bu çalışmada Irak'taki
etnik çeşitliliğin 2003 sonrası siyasi ortamda yapıcı bir rol oynaması için
nasıl yönetilmesi gerektiği ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada etnik köken
çeşitliliğine yapılan vurguyla Irak'taki siyasi istikrarsızlık arasındaki
ilişki ortaya koyulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

etnik çeşitlilik, siyasal istikrar, milli kimlik, Irak

Ethnicity-Based Political Instability in Iraq After 2003

Öz

Ethnic diversity is a global phenomenon that has become more critical after the Cold War and has been given particular importance by many scholars due to its extreme sensitivity in terms of internal conflicts and its effect on the political stability in a country. From this perspective, Iraq is a country characterized by ethnic diversity reflected by cultural, linguistic, religious, and national differentiation. Iraq was under the one-party rule before 2003, and the ethnic groups did not have any role in political life. In contrast, the new constitution gave more privileges to the ethnic communities. This article discussed the issue of ethnicity diversity in Iraq with reference to the political situation after the US invasion in 2003. The relationship between ethnic diversity and national identity is analyzed with particular emphasis on how ethnics diversity is be managed to ensure a decisive role in Iraq’s political life in Iraq. This article concluded that ethnic diversity is not governed healthily and thus, contributed to the political instability in Iraq. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

ethnic diversity, political stability, national identity, Iraq

Kaynakça

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