Internationalization of Neo-Nazism and Social Media: Psychosocial, Sociopolitical and Security Inquiry

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 11 - 22, 29.01.2022

Faruk Hadžić

https://doi.org/10.47478/lectio.938390

Öz

This research analyses the internationalization paradigm of extremism and neo-Nazism, affecting related global events within the historical, psychosocial, sociopolitical, security, and globalized media framework; problematizing a gap between peace, violence, democratic legislation, social awareness, political agendas, participation, and hyperpersonal communication theories. The radicalization process can be initiated or encouraged by sociopolitical or sociopsychological circumstances that directly or indirectly affect the individual. There is no detailed profile of a person attentive to commit terrorism, various positions, and judgments. The capacity and participation in the sociopolitical process are questioned. The impoverishment of public life and the public sphere creates a critical potential for demagogic and ideological extremist manipulation. Democratic accountability and transparency could be submerged by far-right spin specialists who have more scope to manage information. Such an occurrence coincides with the mass society theories. Hyperpersonal communication initiated securitization, highlighting the internationalization of neo-Nazism and neo-Fascism (i.e., Norwegian-Breivik and New Zealand-Tarrant). It is undeniably essential that a democratic, legal state has a monopoly on violence. The lack of decision-makers in the political sphere who would: establish a different direction in the constitution of the community, understanding that managing the relevant weaponry and cognate laws is a regional, transnational, and trans-party issue, and the actual field of their political legitimacy; a failure for diverse global societies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neo-Nacism, Neo-Fascism, Social Media, Terrorism, Public Policy, Security

Kaynakça

• Aechtner, T. (2016). Terrorism in the Evolution Wars: Mass Media and Human Nature. Theology and Science, 14(4), 495-517
• Barnett, S. (1998). Dumbing Down or Reaching Out: Is It Tabloidisation wot done it? in: Politics and the Media: Harlots and Prerogatives at the Turn of the Millennium. Seaton, Abingdon: Blackwell.
• Bruneteau, B. (2010), Le totalitarisme - Origines d'un concept, genèse d'un débat 1930-1942 (DEMOCRATIE TOTALITARISME). France: CERF Publisher.
• Boyd, D. and Ellison, N. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13(1), 211.
• Castells, M. (2015). Networks of outrage and hope: social movements in the internet age. Cambridge: Polity Press,
• Curran, J. (1991). Rethinking the media as a public sphere, in: Communication and Citizenship: Journalism and the Public Sphere, Dahlgren, Peter and Sparks, Colin (eds.), London & New York: Routledge.
• Giddens, A. (2009). Sociology, 6th edition, Cambridge: Polity Press.
• Dahl, R. (2006). On Political Equality, New Haven: Yale University Press.
• DW, Detsche Welle, “Top lista: FAKE NEWS 2018”, https://www.dw.com/bs/top-lista-fake-news-2018/a-46801551
• Fox, S. (2013). Is it Time to Update the Definition of Political Participation? (book review Whiteley, P. (2012) Political Participation in Britain: The Decline and Revival of Civic Culture, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan), Parliamentary Affairs, 1-11, https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/19098/1/FullText.pdf
• Fuchs, C. (2013). Social Media: A Critical Introduction, California: Sage Publishing.
• Fuchs, R. and Martinovic M. (2014). DW, “Suptilni neonacistički govor mržnje na Internetu” https://www.dw.com/bs/suptilni-neonacisti%C4%8Dki-govor-mr%C5%BEnje-na-internetu/a-17849491
• Hadžić, F. (2020). The global context of authoritarian populism as democratic pylon to Fascism, and a tutorial from the Balkans, Journal of Scientific Papers “Social Development and Security,” 10(6), 67-77 10.33445/sds.2020.10.6.7
• Kirkpatrick, D. (2019). New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/15/world/asia/new-zealand-shooting-brenton-tarrant.html, 2019
• Neumann, F. (2012). Behemot. Struktura i praksa nacionalsocijalizma 1933.-1945. Zagreb: Disput.
• OSCE. (2014). Preventing Terrorism and Countering Violent Extremism and Radicalization that Lead to Terrorism: A Community-Policing Approach. http://www.osce.org/atu/111438?download=true
• Pantucci, R. (2011). What have we learned about Lone Wolves from Anders Behring Breivik? Perspectives on Terrorism, 5 (6), 27-42.
• Posluszna, E. (2015). Lone Wolves Strategy: The Case of Volkert van der Graaf and Theodore Kaczynski “, in Environmental and Animal Rights Extremism, Terrorism, and National Security, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
• Prelot, M. (2002). Političke institucije, Zagreb: Politička kultura.
• Rantanen, T. (2004). The Media and Globalization, London: Sage Publications.
• Ravndal, J. (2013). Anders Behring Breivik’s use of the Internet and social media, Journal Exit-Deutschland. Zeitschrift für Deradikalisierung und demokratische Kultur. https://journals.sfu.ca/jed/index.php/jex/article/view/28
• Rayner, G., Gardham, D. and Bingham, J. (2011). The Telegraph, Hunt for Britons linked to Norway killer Anders Behring Breivik.
• Schmid, A. (2013). Radicalisation, De-Radicalisation, Counter-Radicalisation: A Conceptual Discussion and Literature Review, International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) – The Hague
• Silver, L. (1997). Remaking Eden: Cloning and Beyond in a Brave New World. New York: Avon Books.
• Van Buuren, J. (2013). Holland’s own Kennedy Affair. Conspiracy Theories on the Murder of Pim Fortuyn, Historical Social Research, 38 (1), 257-285.