The Effect of Different Liners on the Microleakege of Class II Restorations after Thermocyclign and Occlusal Loading

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated in vitro marginal adaptation of class II
resin composite restorations with and without a liner.
Materials and Methods: In total, 48 extracted sound human
mandibular molars were used. The teeth were prepared following
a standardized pattern for a class II cavity. The teeth were then
randomly divided into four groups of 12 teeth each: group 1: resinmodified
glass ionomer liner (RMGI) + composite resin (CR),
group 2: flowable composite liner + CR, group 3: self-adhesive
flowable composite liner + CR, and group 4: CR. The specimens
were thermocycled and loaded with a mechanical loading device.
The methylene blue dye penetration test was used to evaluate
microleakage.
Results: When specimens were evaluated for occlusal and gingival
microleakage, the resin-modified and flowable composite groups
showed significantly less microleakage than the control group with
no liner. The self-adhesive flowable composite group showed no
significant improvement.
Conclusions: Flowable composite and RMGI liners were useful in
decreasing microleakage, but the self-adhesive flowable composite
liner showed no significant advantage.

Keywords

• Microleakage, liner, occlusal loading, self-adhesive flowable composite, thermocycling

References

1. Braga RR, Ballester RY, Ferracane JL. Factors involved in the development of polymerization shrinkage stress in resin- composites: a systematic review. Dent Mater. 2005; 21:962-70.
2. Jackson RD, Morgan M. The new posterior resins and a simplified placement technique. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000; 131:375-83.
3. Leevailoj C, Cochran MA, Matis BA, Moore BK, Platt JA. Microleakage of posterior packable resin composites with and without flowable liners. Oper Dent. 2001; 26:302-7.
4. Statement on posterior resin-based composites. ADA Council on Scientific Affairs; ADA Council on Dental Benefit Programs. J Am Dent Assoc. 1998;129:1627-8.
5. Belli S, Inokoshi S, Ozer F, Pereira PN, Ogata M, Tagami J. The effect of additional enamel etching and a flowable composite to the interfacial integrity of Class II adhesive composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2001;26:70-75.
6. Ernst CP, Canbek K, Aksogan K, Willershausen B. Two-year clinical performance of a packable posterior composite with and without a flowable composite liner. Clin Oral Invest. 2003;7:129-134.
7. Feilzer AJ, Dooren LH, de Gee AJ, Davidson CL. Influence of light intensity on polymerization shrinkage and integrity of restoration-cavity interface. Eur J Oral Sci. 1995;103:322-6.
8. Lutz F, Krejci I, Barbakow F. Quality and durability of marginal adaptation in bonded composite restorations. Dent Mater. 1991;7:107-13.

9. Sano H, Shono T, Takatsu T, Hosoda H. Microporous dentin zone beneath resin-impregnated layer. Oper Dent. 1994;19:59-64.
10. Van Meerbeek B, Perdigao J, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. The clinical performance of adhesives. J Dent. 1998;26:1-20.
11. Gueders AM, Charpentier JF, Albert AI, Geerts SO. Microleakage after thermocycling of 4 etch and rinse and 3 self-etch adhesives with and without a flowable composite lining. Oper Dent. 2006;31:450-5.
12. Knezevic A, Tarle Z, Meniga A, Sutalo J, Pichler G, Ristic M. Degree of conversion and temperature rise during polymerization of composite resin samples with blue diodes. J Oral Rehabil. 2001;28:586-91.
13. Mullejans R, Lang H, Schuler N, Baldawi MO, Raab WH. Increment technique for extended Class V restorations: an experimental study. Oper Dent. 2003;28:352-6.
14. Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Complete marginal seal of Class V resin composite restorations effected by increased flexibility. J Dent Res. 1990;69:1240-3.
15. Haak R, Wicht MJ, Noack MJ. Marginal and internal adaptation of extended class I restorations lined with flowable composites. J Dent. 2003;31:231-239.
16. Bowen R. Reduction of microleakage around composite restoration. J Dent Res. 1987;66:246.
17. Wilson AD, Kent BE. A new translucent cement for dentistry. The glass ionomer cement. Br Dent J. 1972;132:133-5.
18. Berg JH. Glass ionomer cements. Pediatr Dent. 2002;24:430-8.
19. Aboushala A, Kugel G, Hurley E. Class II composite resin restorations using glass-ionomer liners: microleakage studies. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 1996;21:67-70.
20. Kasraei S, Azarsina M, Majidi S. In vitro comparison of microleakage of posterior resin composites with and without liner using two-step etch-and-rinse and self-etch dentin adhesive systems. Oper Dent. 2011;36:213-21.
21. Wajdowicz MN, Vandewalle KS, Means MT. Shear bond strength of new self-adhesive flowable composite resins. Gen Dent. 2012 Mar-Apr;60(2):e104-8.)
22. Poitevin A, De Munck J, Van Ende A, Suyama Y, Mine A, Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B. Bonding effectiveness of self- adhesive composites to dentin and enamel. Dent Mater. 2013 Feb;29(2):221-30
23. Bektas OO, Eren D, Akın EG, Akın H. Evaluation of a self- adhering flowable composite in terms of micro-shear bond strength and microleakage. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 May- Jul;71(3-4):541-6
24. Margvelashvili M, Vichi A, Carrabba M, Goracci C, Ferrari M. Bond strength to unground enamel and sealing ability in pits and fissures of a new self-adhering flowable resin composite. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2013 Summer;37(4):397-402
25. Bagıs YH, Baltacıoglu IH, Kahyaogulları S. Comparing Microleakage and the Layering Methods of Silorane-based Resin Composite in Wide Class II MOD Cavities. Oper Dent. 2009, 34-5, 578-585.
26. Amaral CM, Hara AT, Pimenta LA, Rodrigues AL, Jr. Microleakage of hydrophilic adhesive systems in Class V composite restorations. Am J Dent. 2001;14:31-3.
27. Costa Pfeifer CS, Braga RR, Cardoso PE. Influence of cavity dimensions, insertion technique and adhesive system on microleakage of Class V restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137:197-202.
28. Krejci I, Sparr D, Lutz F. Three-layer light hardening procedure with traditional composites for Black Class II restorations. Quintessence Int. 1987;38:1217-29.
29. Manhart J, Chen HY, Mehl A, Weber K, Hickel R. Marginal quality and microleakage of adhesive class V restorations. J Dent. 2001;29:123-30.
30. Deveaux E, Hildelbert P, Neut C, Boniface B, Romond C. Bacterial microleakage of Cavit, IRM, and TERM. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992;74:634-643.
31. Eden E, Topaloglu-Ak A, Cuijpers V, Frencken JE. Micro-CT for measuring marginal leakage of Class II resin composite restorations in primary molars prepared in vivo. Am J Dent. 2008;21:393-397.
32. Pradelle-Plasse N, Wenger F, Picard B, Colon P. Evaluation of microleakage of composite resin restorations by an electrochemical technique: the impedance methodology. Dent Mater. 2004;20:425-434.
33. Prati C, Tao L, Simpson M, Pashley DH. Permeability and microleakage of Class II resin composite restorations. J Dent. 1994;22:49-56.
34. Tredwin CJ, Stokes A, Moles DR. Influence of flowable liner and margin location on microleakage of conventional and packable class II resin composites. Oper Dent. 2005;30:32-38.
35. Tung FF, Estafan D, Scherer W. Microleakage of a condensable resin composite: an in vitro investigation. Quintessence Int. 2000;31:430-4.
36. Arora V, Kundabala M, Parolia A, Thomas MS, Pai V. Comparison of the shear bond strength of RMGIC to a resin composite using different adhesive systems: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2010;13:80-3.
37. Marquezan M, Fagundes TC, Toledano M, Navarro MF, Osorio R. Differential bonds degradation of two resin- modified glass-ionomer cements in primary and permanent teeth. J Dent. 2009;37:857-64.
38. Kim YG, Hirano S. Setting shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of resin-modified glass-ionomer in experimental cylindrical cavities. Dent Mater J. 1999;18:63-75.
39. Bayne SC, Thompson JY, Swift EJ, Jr., Stamatiades P, Wilkerson M. A characterization of first-generation flowable composites. J Am Dent Assoc. 1998;129:567-9.
40. Fu J, Kakuda S, Pan F, Hoshika S, Ting S, Fukuoka A, Bao Y, Ikeda T, Nakaoki Y, Selimovic D, Sano H, Sidhu SK. Bonding performance of a newly developed step-less all-in-one system on dentin. Dent Mater J. 2013;32(2):203-11.