Evaluation of the effectiveness of a health literacy education program during the pandemic

Yıl 2022, , 230 - 236, 30.05.2022

Hilal Kurt Sezer Deniz Sumeyye Yorulmaz Sibel Kucukoglu

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1121841

Öz

Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of a health literacy education program on first and emergency aid students during
the pandemic.

Materials and Methods: This study adopted a single group pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design. The study population
consisted of 135 students of the First and Emergency Aid Program of a private university in Konya, Turkey. No sampling was
performed because we could reach the entire study population. Therefore, the sample consisted of 114 students. Participants attended
a health literacy education program (intervention). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a personal information
form and the Health Literacy Scale (HLS). Number, percentage, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. The study
adhered to all ethical principles.

Results: Participants had a significantly higher mean post-test HLS score (117 ± 5.03) than the pre-test score (105 ± 11.50) (p
<0.05). Participants with a high income had a significantly higher mean post-test HLS score than those with a low income (p <0.05).
Participants covered by insurance had a significantly higher mean post-test HLS score than those who were not (p <0.05). Participants
who did regular exercise had a significantly higher mean post-test HLS score than those who did not (p <0.05). Participants who knew
about health literacy before the intervention had a significantly higher mean post-test HLS score than those who did not (p <0.05).

Conclusion: The education program helped participants learn more about health literacy. Therefore, universities should integrate it
into their curricula.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Education, Health Literacy, Students

Kaynakça

• World Health Organization 2020. Health literacy The solid facts. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ handle/10665/128703/e96854.pdf Accessed on:05.12.2020
• World Health Organization 1998. Division of health promotion, education and communications health education and health promotion unit. Health Promotion Glossary. World Health Organization, Geneva. Available at: https://apps.who. int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/350161/978.924.0038349- eng.pdf?sequence=1 Accessed on:05.12.2020
• Huang S, Kou S, Tsai P, et al. Effectiveness of tailored rehabilitation education in improving the health literacy and health status of postoperative patients with breast cancer a randomized controlled trial. Cancer Nurs 2020;43:38-46. doi: 10.1097/NCC.000.000.0000000665.
• Peerson A, Saunders M. Health literacy revisited: what do we mean and why does it matter? Health Promot Int 2009;24:285- 96. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dap014.
• Yılmaz M, Tiraki Z. Sağlık okuryazarlığı nedir? Nasıl ölçülür? DEUHFED 2016;9:142-7.
• Hadden KB. Health literacy training for health professions students. Patient Educ Couns 2015;98: 918-92. doi: 10.1016/j. pec.2015.03.016.
• Ozen N, Bal Ozkaptan B, Coskun S, Terzioglu F. Health literacy of nursing students and its effective factors. Nurs Forum 2019;54:396-402. doi: 10.1111/nuf.12346.
• Runk L, Durham J, Vongxay V, Sychareun V. Measuring health literacy in university students in Vientiane, Lao PDR. Health Promot Int 2016;32:daw087. doi:10.1093/heapro/daw087.
• Sorensen K, Van den Broucke S, Fullam J, et al. (HLS-EU) Consortium Health Literacy Project. European Health Literacy and Public Health: A systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC Public Health 2012;12:80. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-80.
• Garcia-Codina O, Juvinyà-Canal D, Amil-Bujan P, et al. Determinants of health literacy in the general population: Results of the Catalan health survey. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1122. doi: 10.1186/s12889.019.7381-1.
• Pelikan JM, Ganahl K. Measuring health literacy in general populations: primary findings from the HLS-EU consortium’s health literacy assessment effort. Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;240:34-59. doi: 10.3233/978-1-61499-790-0-34.
• Tiller D, Herzog B, Kluttig A, Haerting J. Health literacy in an urban elderly east-German population – results from the population-based CARLA study. BMC Public Health 2015;15:883. doi: 10.1186/s12889.015.2210-7.
• Vamos S, Okan,O. Sentell T, Rootman I. Making a case for “Education for Health Literacy”: an international perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health 2020;17:1436. doi:10.3390/ijerph17041436.
• Meherali S, Punjani NS, Mevawala A. Health literacy interventions to improve health outcomes in low-and middle-income countries. HLRP: Health Lit Res Pract 2020;4:e251-e266. doi: 0.3928/24748.307.20201118-01.
• Lin SC, Chen IJ, Yu WR, Lee SYD, Tsai TI. Effect of a community-based participatory health literacy program on health behaviors and health empowerment among communitydwelling older adults: a quasi-experimental study. Geriatr Nurs 2019;40:494-501. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.03.013.
• Aras Z, Bayık-Temel A. Evaluation of validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Health Literacy Scale. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 2017;25: 85-94. doi: 10.17672/fnhd.94626.
• Toçi E, Burazeri G, Sorensen K, et al. Health literacy and socioeconomic characteristic among older people in transitional Kosova. Br J Med Med Res 2013;3:1646-58. doi: 10.9734/BJMMR/2013/3972.
• Alaşık O, Aycan S. Sağlık okuryazarlığını geliştiren sağlık politikaları. Özkan S, Editör. Sağlık Okuryazarlığı. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2019: 6-9. [19] Avcı E, Özkan S. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörler. Özkan S, Editör. Sağlık Okuryazarlığı. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2019: 16- 21.
• Ayaz-Alkaya S, Terzi H. Investigation of health literacy and affecting factors of nursing students. Nurse Educ Pract 2019;34:31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.10.009.
• Tüzün H, Özkan S. Sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyini artırmaya yönelik ulusal düzeyde yapılanlar. Özkan S, Editör. Sağlık Okuryazarlığı. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2019: 79- 84.
• Erunal M, Ozkaya B, Mert H, Kucukguclu O. Investigation of health literacy levels of nursing students and affecting factors. IJCS. 2018; 11:1386-95.
• Şahinöz T, Şahinöz S, Kıvanç A. Üniversite son sınıf öğrencilerinin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyleri üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma. GÜSBD 2018;7:71-9.
• Vozikis A, Drivas K, Milioris K. Health literacy among university students in Greece: determinants and association with self-perceived health, health behaviours and health risks. Arch Public Health 2014;72:15-46. doi:1186/2049-3258-72- 15.
• Lee HY, Lee J, Kim NK. Gender differences in health literacy among korean adults: Do women have a higher level of health literacy than men. Am J Mens Health 2015;9:370-9. doi: 10.1177/155.798.8314545485.
• Poorman E, Gazmararian J, Elon L, Parker R. Is health literacy related to health behaviors and cell phone usage patterns among the text4baby target population? Arch Public Health 2014; 72:1-9. doi: 10.1186/2049-3258-72-13.
• Yorulmaz DS, Kurt Sezer H. Hemşirelik ile ilk ve acil yardım bölümü öğrencilerinin sağlık okuryazarlığı ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi 2021;9:337-52 . doi: 10.33715/ inonusaglik.812385.
• Vural PI, Bakır N. Meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve etkileyen faktörler. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2015 6:36-42.
• Cianfrocca C, Caponnetto V, Donati D, Lancia L, Tartaglini D, Di Stasio E. The effects of a multidisciplinary education course on the burden, health literacy and needs of family caregivers. Appl Nurs Res 2018;48:100-6. doi: 10.1016/j. apnr.2018.10.004.
• Doi-Kanno M, Kanoya Y, Moriguchi EH. The effects of a leaflet-based health guide on health literacy, self-efficacy, and satisfaction among older Japanese-Brazilian adults living in Brazil: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Public Health 2021;21:1-9. doi: 10.1186/s12889.020.10129-1.
• Kaper MS, Reijneveld SA, van Es FD, et al. Effectiveness of a comprehensive health literacy consultation skills training for undergraduate medical students: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:81. doi: 10.3390/ ijerph17010081.
• Lin SC, Chen IJ, Yu WR, Lee SYD, Tsai TI. Effect of a community-based participatory health literacy program on health behaviors and health empowerment among communitydwelling older adults: a quasi-experimental study. Geriatr Nurs 2019;40:494-501. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.03.013.
• Zibellini J, Muscat DM, Kizirian N, Gordon A. Effect of health literacy interventions on pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review. Women Birth 2021;34:180-6. doi: 10.1016/j. wombi.2020.01.010.
• Abel T, McQueen D. Critical health literacy and the COVID-19 crisis. Health Promot Int 2020;6:1612-3. doi: 10.1093/heapro/ daaa040.
• Bak CK, Krammer JØ, Dadaczynski K, et al. Digital health literacy and ınformation-seeking behavior among university college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A crosssectional study from Denmark. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19:3676. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063676.
• Paakkari L, Okan O. COVID-19: Health literacy is an underestimated problem. Lancet Public Health 2020;5:e249– e250. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4.