Wnt/Beta-Katenin Sinyal Yolunda Görev Alan Hedef Hücre Zarı Biyomolekülleri

Abstract

Wnt/β-katenin sinyal yolu hücre proliferasyonu ve farklılaşması, hücre siklusunun düzenlenmesi, hücre-hücre ve hücre-matriks etkileşimleri, anjiogenez, apoptozis ve adipogenez gibi çeşitli biyolojik olaylarda önemli rol oynar. Wnt/β-katenin sinyal yolu, Wnt proteininin hedef hücre zarındaki reseptörlerine bağlanmasıyla başlar ve bu bağlanma ile ekstraselüler bir sinyal, hücre zarından sitoplazmaya oradan da çekirdeğe kadar iletilir. Sinyal yolunun bu şekildeki aktivasyonu ile birçok genin transkripsiyonu da aktive edilmiş olur. Ancak Wnt, Fz ve LRP5/6 gibi proteinleri kodlayan genlerde meydana gelen mutasyonlar, hem Wnt/β-katenin sinyal yolunun kontrolsüz aktivasyonuna, hem de kanser başta olmak üzere birçok ciddi hastalıkların oluşmasına neden olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu sinyal yolu ve bu yolda görev alan biyomoleküllerin aydınlatılması hem oluşumlarında rol oynadıkları hastalıkların etiyolojilerinin ayrıntılı biçimde ortaya konulmasında hem de bu hastalıkların tedavisi için yeni hedef moleküllerin belirlenmesinde oldukça önemlidir. Bu sebeple Wnt/β-katenin sinyalinin hedef hücre zarındaki başlangıç mekanizması ve bu mekanizmada görev yapan biyomoleküllerin tartışılması ve bu şekilde sinyal yolunun tam olarak aydınlatılması amaçlanmıştır. (Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2012;25:53-7)

Anahtar Kelimeler: Wnt proteinleri, Beta-katenin, Fz, LRP5/6, Erişkin kök hücreler, Kanser

Keywords

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