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Abstract

This review focuses on the methods of study that investigated the anxiolytic effects of new drugs with animal models. In a research setting, researchers investigate inquiry and recognition behavior changes of animals with anxiety in response to drug therapy. This forms the basis of a research. Although, “anxious” behaviors of rats do not exactly match the actual human behavior, they are still used as a model of human behavior. Several different stressor agents have been used including electric shocks, tilting the cage, olfactory bulbectomy, elevation of the setup, changing the lighting situation, under water trauma or exposure to predator materials. In these studies, generally the reaction to the stress is tested by observing the changes in the “anxious” behavior, cognitive impairment, fear and decreased social interaction. Frequently used models are; open field test, forced swimming test, social isolation, conflict tests, repeated stress test, tail suspension test, elevated maze tests, single prolonged test and chronical mild stress predator scane test. We explain various rat models and their properties and show how they are used to create anxiety with different stressor agents. Ease and repeatability of these models suggest that they are effective for studying drugs for the prevention and treatment of anxiety

Keywords

• Anxiety, Rat behavior, Animal models

Anksiyete araştırmalarında kullanılan sıçan davranış modelleri

Abstract

Klinik öncesi çalışmalar kapsamında oluşturulan hayvan modelleri ile yeni ilaçların anksiyolitik etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Bu modellerde en sık kullanılan hayvanlar sıçanlar ve farelerdir. Anksiyete oluşturulan hayvanlarda; çevreyi araştırma ve tanıma davranışlarındaki değişiklikleri inceleyerek, ilaca verilen yanıta bu davranışlardaki değişimlerin saptanması araştırmaların temelini oluşturmaktadır. İnsanlarda görülen anksiyete davranışlarını tam olarak karşılamamakla birlikte hayvan modellerinde sıçanlardaki bu davranışlar modelin esasını oluşturmaktadır. Stres yaratan etken olarak; elektrik şoku, kafeslere eğim verilmesi, olfaktor bulbektomi, ortamın yükseltilmesi, aydınlatmanın değiştirilmesi, sosyal izolasyon, sualtı travmaları, saldırgan hayvanın kendisine ya da saldırgan hayvana ait ipuçlarına (saldırgana ait koku, tüy, idrar vb) maruz bırakma kullanılmaktadır. Oluşturulan strese karşı bu çalışmalarda genellikle aşırı irkilme, bilişsel bozukluklar, gelişmiş korku, düşük sosyal etkileşim gibi anksiyete davranışlarındaki değişimler ölçülmektedir. Sık kullanılan modeller arasında; açık alan, zorunlu yüzme, çatışma testleri, tekrarlayan stres uygulamaları, kuyruktan asma, yükseltilmiş labirentler, sosyal izolasyon, uzun süreli tek bir strese maruz bırakma, kronik hafif stres ve saldırgan ya da saldırgan ile ilgili ipuçlarına maruz bırakma testlerini saymak mümkündür.Bu derlemede, farklı stresörler ile anksiyete oluşturmada kullanılan sıçan modelleri tanımlanmaktadır. Modellerin özellikleri ve kullanım alanları gözden geçirildiğinde; kolay oluşturulabilir ve tekrarlanabilir oluşları, yeni geliştirilmekte olan ilaçların ya da mevcut benzer ilaçların anksiyeteyi önleme ve tedavi edici etkileri daha etkin olarak araştırılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Anksiyete, Sıçan davranışları, Hayvan modelleri

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