Latest updates on chronic delta hepatitis

Year 2016, Special Issue :2 Gastroenterology and Hepatology Viral Hepatitis, 50 - 54, 01.08.2016

Kendal Yalçın Elif Tuğba Tuncel Feyza Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.5472/MMJsi.2901.10

Abstract

The hepatitis D virus was shown for the first time in 1977 byRizzetto and friends. The HDV genome and the cloning ofsequence were made in 1986. HDV is the first animal virus withcircular RNA genome which is seen only in plant viruses. HDVis an RNA virus with the known smallest viral genome in animalviruses. It is classified as Deltavirus genius depending on the typeof virus by ICTV in 1996. HDV is classified as the sole example ofdelta virus in this genus.Chronic delta hepatitis is the least common form of chronicviral hepatitis due to hepatotropic viruses. In contrast, the virusis highly pathogenic and can cause serious consequences. Today,prevalance of delta hepatitis has been shown to decrease. However,the delta hepatitis continues to be an important health problem insome parts of the world. In our country, especially in Eastern andSoutheastern Anatolia, hepatitis D is a serious and important healthproblem and still maintains its importance as a health problem. InTurkey, still there is a significant number of patients with HDVinfection despite a documented decrease in HDV infection.The recommended treatment for chronic HDV infection in thecurrent guidelines is the treatment with peginterferon alfa givenonce a week for 48 weeks. Treatment is indicated for patients whohas compensated disease with active infection. In patients withadvanced form of disease, the expected benefits of the peginterferonmust be well balanced against the potential side effects and lowresponse rate. An oral antiviral can be recommended in patientswho has high levels of serum HBV DNA. In contrast, the controlof HBV infecion does not seem to change the natural history ofHDV related disease.Keywords: Delta hepatitis, Treatment, Prognosis

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