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HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING

Yıl 2000, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 38 - 44, 03.12.2016

Öz

There is at present considerable confusion with respect to the ethical guidelines that should govern the behavior of society and the physician confronted by problems resulting from the recent discoveries of medicine and science. The documentation of the ending of life has religious, legal, and practical implications (1). The use of life supporting devices raises the problem of determining when death has occurred and what is proper ethical procedure in dealing with the deficient half life caused by "Brain Death" (BD). Some guidance is obtained from a consideration of the nature of life, the nature of death, the nature of man, and the essence lost in death of man (2). The clinical tests correspondingly shift from those implying loss of brain function to those implying thermodynamically supracritical microstructural damage diffusely throughout the body

Kaynakça

  • /. Cantrill SI/. Brain death. Emerg Med Clin north Am 1997;15:713-722.
  • Brooks CM. A consideration of the ethics of brain death-what are the ethical guidelines for physician, family and society in dealing with brain death? Sangyo Ika Daigaku Zasshi, 1985;7:139-150.
  • Shewmon DA. Brainstem death," "brain death" and death: a critical re-evaluation of the purported equivalence. Issues Law Med 1998; 14:125-145.
  • Van norman OA. A matter of life and death: What every anesthesiologist should know about the medical, legal, and ethical aspects of declaring brain death. Anesthesiology 1999;91:275-287.
  • Bernat JL. Ethical and legal aspects of the emergency management of brain death and organ retrieval. Emerg Med Clin north Am 1987;5:661 - 676.
  • Beresford HR. Brain death. Heurol Clin 1999; 17:295-298
  • Shrader D. On dying more than one death. Hastings Cent Rep 1986,16:12-14.
  • Young B, Blume W, Lynch A. Brain death and the
  • persistent vegetative state: similarities and
  • contrasts. Can J Heurol Sci 1989; 16:388-393.
  • Power BM, Van Heerden PV. The physiological changes associated with brain death: current concepts and implications for the treatment of the brain dead organ donor. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995;23:26-33.
  • Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to examine the definition of brain death: A definition of irreversible coma. JAMA 1968;205:337-346.
  • Conference of Royal Colleges and faculties of the United Kingdom: Diagnosis of brain death. Lancet 1976;2:1069-1076.
  • Walker A. An appraisal of the criteria of cerebral death: A summary statement. JAMA 1977:237:982- 983.
  • Presidents Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Defining death: Medical legal and ethical issues in the definition of death. Washington DC, Us Government Printing Office, 1981.
  • Medical Consultants on the Diagnosis of Death to
  • the President s Commission for the Study of Ethical problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Guidelines for the
  • determination of death. JAMA 1981;246:2184.
  • flalevy A, Brody B. Brain death: reconciling definitions, criteria, and tests. Ann Intern Med 1993:1 19:519-525.
  • Troug RD, Fackler JC. Rethinking brain death. Crit Care Med 1992,20: l 705-1 713.
  • Brain stem death and organ donation, Hurs Crit Care 1996; 1-.6:286-291.
  • Younger SJ, Arnold RM. Ethical, psychosocial, and public policy implications of procuring organs from non-heart-beating cadaver donors. JAMA 1993:269:2 769-2773.
  • Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of neurology: Practice parameters for determining braindeath in adults: Summary statement, neurology 1995:45:1012- 1016.
  • Younger SJ, Landefeld CS, Coulton L. et at 'Brain death' and organ retrieval: A cross sectional survey of knowledge and concepts among health professionals. JAMA 1989;261:2205-2208.
  • Larson MD, Muhiudeen I. Pupillometric analysis of the "absent light reflex.' Arch neurol 1995:52:369- 371.
  • Dobb GJ, Weeks JW. Clinical confirmation of brain death. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:37-40.
  • Schwarz G, Litscher G, Pfurtscheller G, Schalk fIV, Rumpl E, Fuchs G. Brain death: timing of apnea testing in primary brain stem lesion. Intensive Care Med 1992:18:315-316.
  • Pallis C. Brainstem death. In: Pallis C, ed. Handbook of Clinical neurology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1990:21-86(6)
  • Litscher G, Schwarz G, Kleinert R. Brain-stem auditory evoked potential monitoring. Variations of stimulus artifact in brain death. Electroencephalogr Clin neurophysiol 1995:96:413-419.
  • Garcia Larrea L, Bertrand O, Artru F, Pernier J, Mauguiere F. Brain-stem monitoring. II. Preterminal BAEP changes observed until brain death in deeply comatose patients. Electroencephalogr Clin neurophysiol 198 7:68:446-45 7.
  • Soricelli A, Mainenti PP, Leone D, et at. Evaluation of brain perfusion with high resolution single photon emission tomography in the diagnosis of brain death. Minerva Anestesiol 1996:62:209-212.
  • Braum M, Ducrocq X, Hout JC, Audibert G, Anxionnat R, Picard L Intravenous angiography in brain death: report of 140 patients, neuroradiology 1997;39:400-405.
  • Haupt WF, Rudolf J. European brain death codes: a comparison of national guidelines. J neurol 1999:246:432-437.
  • Ducrocq X, Braun M, Debouverie M, Junges C, Hummer M, Vespignani H. Brain death and transcranial Doppler: experience in 130 cases of brain dead patients. J neurol Sei 1998; 18:41 - 46.
  • Petty GW, Mohr JP, Pedley TA, et al. The role of transcranial Doppler in confirming brain death: sensitivity, specificity, and suggestions for performance and interpretation. neurology 1990:40:300-303.
  • Paolin A, Manuali A, Di Paola F, et al. Reliability in diagnosis of brain death. Intensive Care Med 1995:21:657-662.
  • Lumenta CB, Krämer M, von Tempelhoff W, Bock W. Brain stem auditory evoked potentials IBAEPI monitoring in brain death. Meurosurg Rev 1989:12 Suppl 1:317-321.
  • Lee DH, nathanson JA, Fox AJ, Pelz DM, Lownie SP. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain death. Can Assoc Radiol J 1995;46:1 74-1 78.
  • Farrell MM, Levin DL. Brain death in the pediatric patient: Historical, sociological, medical, religions, cultural, legal, and ethical considerations. Crit Care Med 1993:21:1951-1955.
  • Mejia RW, Pollack MM. Variability in brain death determination practices in children. JAMA 1995;274:550-552.
  • Okamoto K, Sugimuto T: Return of spontaneous respiration in an Infant who fulfilled curent criteria to determine brain death. Pediatrics 1995:96:518.
  • Franz HG, DeJong W, Wolfe SM, et al. Explaining brain death: a critical feature of the donation process. J Transpl Coord 1997;7:14-21.
  • Cutler JA. Requesting organ donation from brain- dead victims versus requesting tissue donation from patients after cardiac arrest. Transplantation 1945:60:1062-1064.
  • Wijdicks EFM. Determining brain death in adults, neurology 1995:45:1003-1006.
  • Raper RF, Fisher MM. Brain death and organ donation: A point of view. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:16-17.
  • Douglass GE, Daly M. Donor families experience of organ donation. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:96-99.
  • Pearson IY, Bazeley P, Spencer-Plane T, et al. 4 survey of families of brain dead patients: The experiences, attitudes to organ donation and transplantation. Anaesth Intensive Care 1988;23:88-94.
  • Pallis C. Further thoughts on brainstem death. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:20-22.
  • Hygaard CE, Townsend RIT, Diamond DL. Organ donor management and organ outcome: Review from a level I trauma center. Trauma
  • ¡990:30:728-732.
  • Bodenham A, Berridge JC, Park OR. Brain stem death and organ donation. BMJ 1989/299:1009- 1010.
  • Patterson KW, McShane A. Reflex spinal cord activity as a cause of a delay in the diagnosis of brain death. Ir Med J 1991;84:27-28.
  • Christie JM, OLenic TD, Cane RD. Head turning in brain death. J Clin Anesth 1996;8:141-143.
  • Marti Massô JF, Suarez J, Lôpez de Munain A,
  • Carrera H. Clinical signs of brain death simulated by Ouillain-Barré syndrome. J Lieu ml Sc/
  • ,120:115-117.
  • Hantson P, Guérit JM, de Tourtchaninoff M, et ai. Rabies encephalitis mimicking the
  • electrophysiological pattern of brain death. A case report. Eur Heurol 1993;33:212-217.
  • http://www.saglik.gov.tr/Health Ministry of Turkey Official Web Site
  • Hung TP, Chen ST. Prognosis of deeply comatose patients on ventilators. J Heurol Heurosurg Psych 1995;58:75-77.
  • Scheinkestel CD, Tuxen DV, Cooper DJ, et at. Medical management of the (potential) organ donor. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995;23:51-54.
  • Wheeldon DR, Potter CD, Dunning J, et at. Haemodynamic correction in multiorgan donation. Lancet 1992,339:1175-11 78.
Yıl 2000, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 38 - 44, 03.12.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • /. Cantrill SI/. Brain death. Emerg Med Clin north Am 1997;15:713-722.
  • Brooks CM. A consideration of the ethics of brain death-what are the ethical guidelines for physician, family and society in dealing with brain death? Sangyo Ika Daigaku Zasshi, 1985;7:139-150.
  • Shewmon DA. Brainstem death," "brain death" and death: a critical re-evaluation of the purported equivalence. Issues Law Med 1998; 14:125-145.
  • Van norman OA. A matter of life and death: What every anesthesiologist should know about the medical, legal, and ethical aspects of declaring brain death. Anesthesiology 1999;91:275-287.
  • Bernat JL. Ethical and legal aspects of the emergency management of brain death and organ retrieval. Emerg Med Clin north Am 1987;5:661 - 676.
  • Beresford HR. Brain death. Heurol Clin 1999; 17:295-298
  • Shrader D. On dying more than one death. Hastings Cent Rep 1986,16:12-14.
  • Young B, Blume W, Lynch A. Brain death and the
  • persistent vegetative state: similarities and
  • contrasts. Can J Heurol Sci 1989; 16:388-393.
  • Power BM, Van Heerden PV. The physiological changes associated with brain death: current concepts and implications for the treatment of the brain dead organ donor. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995;23:26-33.
  • Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to examine the definition of brain death: A definition of irreversible coma. JAMA 1968;205:337-346.
  • Conference of Royal Colleges and faculties of the United Kingdom: Diagnosis of brain death. Lancet 1976;2:1069-1076.
  • Walker A. An appraisal of the criteria of cerebral death: A summary statement. JAMA 1977:237:982- 983.
  • Presidents Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Defining death: Medical legal and ethical issues in the definition of death. Washington DC, Us Government Printing Office, 1981.
  • Medical Consultants on the Diagnosis of Death to
  • the President s Commission for the Study of Ethical problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Guidelines for the
  • determination of death. JAMA 1981;246:2184.
  • flalevy A, Brody B. Brain death: reconciling definitions, criteria, and tests. Ann Intern Med 1993:1 19:519-525.
  • Troug RD, Fackler JC. Rethinking brain death. Crit Care Med 1992,20: l 705-1 713.
  • Brain stem death and organ donation, Hurs Crit Care 1996; 1-.6:286-291.
  • Younger SJ, Arnold RM. Ethical, psychosocial, and public policy implications of procuring organs from non-heart-beating cadaver donors. JAMA 1993:269:2 769-2773.
  • Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of neurology: Practice parameters for determining braindeath in adults: Summary statement, neurology 1995:45:1012- 1016.
  • Younger SJ, Landefeld CS, Coulton L. et at 'Brain death' and organ retrieval: A cross sectional survey of knowledge and concepts among health professionals. JAMA 1989;261:2205-2208.
  • Larson MD, Muhiudeen I. Pupillometric analysis of the "absent light reflex.' Arch neurol 1995:52:369- 371.
  • Dobb GJ, Weeks JW. Clinical confirmation of brain death. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:37-40.
  • Schwarz G, Litscher G, Pfurtscheller G, Schalk fIV, Rumpl E, Fuchs G. Brain death: timing of apnea testing in primary brain stem lesion. Intensive Care Med 1992:18:315-316.
  • Pallis C. Brainstem death. In: Pallis C, ed. Handbook of Clinical neurology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1990:21-86(6)
  • Litscher G, Schwarz G, Kleinert R. Brain-stem auditory evoked potential monitoring. Variations of stimulus artifact in brain death. Electroencephalogr Clin neurophysiol 1995:96:413-419.
  • Garcia Larrea L, Bertrand O, Artru F, Pernier J, Mauguiere F. Brain-stem monitoring. II. Preterminal BAEP changes observed until brain death in deeply comatose patients. Electroencephalogr Clin neurophysiol 198 7:68:446-45 7.
  • Soricelli A, Mainenti PP, Leone D, et at. Evaluation of brain perfusion with high resolution single photon emission tomography in the diagnosis of brain death. Minerva Anestesiol 1996:62:209-212.
  • Braum M, Ducrocq X, Hout JC, Audibert G, Anxionnat R, Picard L Intravenous angiography in brain death: report of 140 patients, neuroradiology 1997;39:400-405.
  • Haupt WF, Rudolf J. European brain death codes: a comparison of national guidelines. J neurol 1999:246:432-437.
  • Ducrocq X, Braun M, Debouverie M, Junges C, Hummer M, Vespignani H. Brain death and transcranial Doppler: experience in 130 cases of brain dead patients. J neurol Sei 1998; 18:41 - 46.
  • Petty GW, Mohr JP, Pedley TA, et al. The role of transcranial Doppler in confirming brain death: sensitivity, specificity, and suggestions for performance and interpretation. neurology 1990:40:300-303.
  • Paolin A, Manuali A, Di Paola F, et al. Reliability in diagnosis of brain death. Intensive Care Med 1995:21:657-662.
  • Lumenta CB, Krämer M, von Tempelhoff W, Bock W. Brain stem auditory evoked potentials IBAEPI monitoring in brain death. Meurosurg Rev 1989:12 Suppl 1:317-321.
  • Lee DH, nathanson JA, Fox AJ, Pelz DM, Lownie SP. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain death. Can Assoc Radiol J 1995;46:1 74-1 78.
  • Farrell MM, Levin DL. Brain death in the pediatric patient: Historical, sociological, medical, religions, cultural, legal, and ethical considerations. Crit Care Med 1993:21:1951-1955.
  • Mejia RW, Pollack MM. Variability in brain death determination practices in children. JAMA 1995;274:550-552.
  • Okamoto K, Sugimuto T: Return of spontaneous respiration in an Infant who fulfilled curent criteria to determine brain death. Pediatrics 1995:96:518.
  • Franz HG, DeJong W, Wolfe SM, et al. Explaining brain death: a critical feature of the donation process. J Transpl Coord 1997;7:14-21.
  • Cutler JA. Requesting organ donation from brain- dead victims versus requesting tissue donation from patients after cardiac arrest. Transplantation 1945:60:1062-1064.
  • Wijdicks EFM. Determining brain death in adults, neurology 1995:45:1003-1006.
  • Raper RF, Fisher MM. Brain death and organ donation: A point of view. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:16-17.
  • Douglass GE, Daly M. Donor families experience of organ donation. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:96-99.
  • Pearson IY, Bazeley P, Spencer-Plane T, et al. 4 survey of families of brain dead patients: The experiences, attitudes to organ donation and transplantation. Anaesth Intensive Care 1988;23:88-94.
  • Pallis C. Further thoughts on brainstem death. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995:23:20-22.
  • Hygaard CE, Townsend RIT, Diamond DL. Organ donor management and organ outcome: Review from a level I trauma center. Trauma
  • ¡990:30:728-732.
  • Bodenham A, Berridge JC, Park OR. Brain stem death and organ donation. BMJ 1989/299:1009- 1010.
  • Patterson KW, McShane A. Reflex spinal cord activity as a cause of a delay in the diagnosis of brain death. Ir Med J 1991;84:27-28.
  • Christie JM, OLenic TD, Cane RD. Head turning in brain death. J Clin Anesth 1996;8:141-143.
  • Marti Massô JF, Suarez J, Lôpez de Munain A,
  • Carrera H. Clinical signs of brain death simulated by Ouillain-Barré syndrome. J Lieu ml Sc/
  • ,120:115-117.
  • Hantson P, Guérit JM, de Tourtchaninoff M, et ai. Rabies encephalitis mimicking the
  • electrophysiological pattern of brain death. A case report. Eur Heurol 1993;33:212-217.
  • http://www.saglik.gov.tr/Health Ministry of Turkey Official Web Site
  • Hung TP, Chen ST. Prognosis of deeply comatose patients on ventilators. J Heurol Heurosurg Psych 1995;58:75-77.
  • Scheinkestel CD, Tuxen DV, Cooper DJ, et at. Medical management of the (potential) organ donor. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995;23:51-54.
  • Wheeldon DR, Potter CD, Dunning J, et at. Haemodynamic correction in multiorgan donation. Lancet 1992,339:1175-11 78.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Review Makaleler
Yazarlar

Özgür Karcıoğlu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2000 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Karcıoğlu, Ö. (2016). HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING. Marmara Medical Journal, 13(1), 38-44.
AMA Karcıoğlu Ö. HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING. Marmara Med J. Haziran 2016;13(1):38-44.
Chicago Karcıoğlu, Özgür. “HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING”. Marmara Medical Journal 13, sy. 1 (Haziran 2016): 38-44.
EndNote Karcıoğlu Ö (01 Haziran 2016) HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING. Marmara Medical Journal 13 1 38–44.
IEEE Ö. Karcıoğlu, “HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING”, Marmara Med J, c. 13, sy. 1, ss. 38–44, 2016.
ISNAD Karcıoğlu, Özgür. “HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING”. Marmara Medical Journal 13/1 (Haziran 2016), 38-44.
JAMA Karcıoğlu Ö. HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING. Marmara Med J. 2016;13:38–44.
MLA Karcıoğlu, Özgür. “HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING”. Marmara Medical Journal, c. 13, sy. 1, 2016, ss. 38-44.
Vancouver Karcıoğlu Ö. HOW TO CONSIDER AND MANAGE BRAIN DEATH IN AN EMERGENCY SETTING. Marmara Med J. 2016;13(1):38-44.