ENDOTEL PROGENİTÖR HÜCRELER

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 59 - 65, 25.06.2015

S. Özgür Tekeli Kaya Emerk

Öz

Endotelyal progenitör hücreler (EPH) gelecek yıllarda vasküler hastalıkların tedavi yöntemleri arasına
girmeye adaydır. Postnatal süreçte de fonksiyonlarını devam ettirdikleri kanıtlanan EPH’ler kemik iliğinde
olgunlaşıp, dolaşıma çıkarak vasküler hasarın olduğu bölgelerde yoğunlaşıp hasarın tamir edilmesinde
merkezi rol alırlar. EPH’ler kemik iliğinden ayrıldıktan sonra hücre yüzey belirteçlerinde birtakım
değişiklikler geçirerek olgun endotel hücrelere dönüşebilirler. Günümüzde EPH’lerle ilişkili hem klinik hem
de deneysel çalışmalar oldukça artmıştır. Fakat EPH’lerin olgunlaşmasını, göçünü ve hasarlı bölgeye
yerleşmesini sağlayan mekanizmalar tam olarak aydınlatılmış değildir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endotelyal progenitör hücreler, vaskülogenez, anjiogenez, tamir, endotelyal hücreler

Kaynakça

• 1. Asahara T, Murohara T, Sullivan A, et al. Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Science 1997; 275: 964–967.
• 2. Shi Q, Rafii S, Wu MH, et al. Evidence for circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial cells. Blood 1998; 92: 362–367.
• 3. Dominik B, Peter Ganz Endothelial Function: From Vascular Biology to Clinical Applications. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90(10C): 40-48.
• 4. Peichev M, Naiyer A J, Pereira D, et al. Expression of VEGFR-2 and AC133 by circulating human CD34(+) cells identifies a population of functional endothelial precursors. Blood 2000; 95: 952–958.
• 5. Zuk PA, Zhu M, Mizuno H, et al. Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies. Tissue Engineering 2001 7: 211–228.
• 6. Beltrami AP, Barlucchi L, Torella D et al. Adult cardiac stem cells are multipotent and support myocardial regeneration. Cell 2003; 114: 763–776.
• 7. Schwartz SM, Benditt EP. Clustering of replicating cells in aortic endothelium. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 1976; 73(2): 651–653.
• 8. Tepper OM, Sealove BA, Murayama T, Asahara T. Newly emerging concepts in blood vessel growth: recent discovery of endothelial progenitor cells and their function in tissue regeneration. J Med Invest 2003; 51: 353–359.
• 9. Heissig B, Hattori K, Dias S, et al. Recruitment of stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow niche requires MMP-9 mediated release of kit-ligand. Cell 2002; 109: 625–637.
• 10. Aicher A, Heeschen C, Mildner-Rihm C, et al. Essential role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase for mobilization of stem and progenitor cells. Nat Med 2003; 9: 1370– 1376
• 11. Gill M, Dias S, Hattori K, et al. Vascular trauma induces rapid but transient mobilization of VEGFR2(+) AC133(+) endothelial precursor cells. Circ Res 2001; 88: 167–174.
• 12. Takahashi T, Kalka C, Masuda H, et al. Ischemia- and cytokine-induced mobilization of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells for neovascularization. Nat Med 1999; 5: 434–438.
• 13. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor and the regulation of angiogenesis. Rec Prog Horm Res 2000; 55: 15–35.
• 14. Asahara T, Takahashi T, Masuda H, et al.VEGF contributes to postnatal neovascularization by mobilizing bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Embo J 1999; 18: 3964–3972.
• 15. Yamaguchi J, Kusano KF, Masuo O, et al. Stromal cellderived factor-1 effects on ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cell recruitment for ischemic neovascularization. Circulation 2003; 107: 1322–1328.
• 16. Fujiyama S, Amano K, Uehira K, et al. Bone marrow monocyte lineage cells adhere on injured endothelium in a monocyte chemoattractant protein-1- dependent manner and accelerate reendothelialization as endothelial progenitor cells. Circ Res 2003; 93: 980– 989.
• 17. Asahara T, Masuda H, Takahashi T, et al. Bone marrow origin of endothelial progenitor cells responsible for postnatal vasculogenesis in physiological and pathological neovascularization. Circ Res 1999; 85: 221–228.
• 18. Lyden D, Hattori K, Dias S, et al. Impaired recruitment of bone-marrow-derived endothelial and hematopoietic precursor cells blocks tumor angiogenesis and growth. Nat Med 2001; 7: 1194–1201.
• 19. Hill JM, Zalos G, Halcox JP, et al. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular function, and cardiovascular risk. N Eng J Med 2003; 348: 593–600.
• 20. Vasa M, Fichtlscherer S, Adler K, et al. Increase in circulating endothelial progenitor cells by statin therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Circulation 2001; 103: 2885–2890.
• 21. Vasa M, Fichtlscherer S, Aicher A, et al. Number and migratory activity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells inversely correlate with riskfactors for coronary artery disease. Circ Res 2001; 89: 1–7.
• 22. Teper OM, Galiano RD, Capla JM, et al. Human endothelial progenitor cells from type II diabetics exhibit impaired proliferation, adhesion, and incorporation into vascular structures. Circulation 2002; 106: 2781–2786.
• 23. Heeschen C et al. Erythropoietin is a potent physiologic stimulus for endothelial progenitor cell mobilization. Blood 2003; 102: 1340–1346.
• 24. Iwakura A et al. Estrogen-mediated, endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent mobilization of bone marrow- derived endothelial progenitor cells contributes to reendothelialization after arterial injury. Circulation 2003; 108: 3115–3121.
• 25. Llevadot J et al. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor mobilizes bonemarrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells. J Clin Invest 2001; 108: 399–405.
• 26. Edelberg JM et al. Young adult bone marrow-derived endothelial precursor cells restore aging-impaired cardiac angiogenic function. Circ Res 2002; 90: 89–93.
• 27. Kalka C, Masuda H, Takahashi T, et al. Transplantation of ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cells for therapeutic neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 3422–3427.
• 28. Kawamoto A, Gwon HC, Iwaguro H, et al. Therapeutic potential of ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cells for myocardial ischemia. Circulation 2001; 103: 634–637.
• 29. Zhang ZG, Zhang L, Jiang Q, et al. Bone marrowderived endothelial progenitor cells participate in cerebral neovascularization after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult mouse. Circ Res 2002; 90: 284–288.
• 30. Kaushal S, Amiel GE, Guleserian KJ, et al. Functional small diameter neovessels created using endothelial progenitor cells expanded ex vivo. Nat Med 2001; 7: 1035–1040.
• 31. Shimizu T, Yamato M, Isoi Y, et al. Fabrication of pulsatile cardiac tissue grafts using a novel 3- dimensional cell sheet manipulation technique and temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces. Circ Res 2002; 90: e40
• 32. Shimizu T, Yamato M, Akutsu T, et al. Electrically communicating three-dimensional cardiac tissue mimic fabricated by layered cultured cardiomyocyte sheets. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 60: 110–117.