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Year 2024, Volume: 37 Issue: 1, 45 - 52, 28.01.2024

Elif Turkoglu Cetın Özgül Salihoğlu , Melih Gönen , Nazan Neslihan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1380019

Abstract

References

  • Mohan SS, Jain L. Late preterm birth: preventable prematurity? Clin Perinatol 2011 ;38:547-55. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2011.06.005.
  • McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. Neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in late preterm births compared with births at term. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:35-41. doi: 10.1097/01. AOG.000.029.7311.33046.73.
  • Wang ML, Dorer DJ, Fleming MP, et al. Clinical outcomes of near-term infants. Pediatrics 2004;114:372-6. doi: 10.1542/ peds.114.2.372.
  • Clark RH. The epidemiology of respiratory failure in neonates born at an esti – mated gestational age of 34 weeks or more. J Perinatol 2005;25:251-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211242.
  • Pettifor JM. Nutritional rickets: deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or both? Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 45:801-9. doi: 10.1093/ ajcn/80.6.1725S.
  • Wagner CL, Taylor SN, Hollis BW. Does vitamin D make the world go ‘round’? Breastfeed Med 2008;3:239-50. doi: 10.1089/ bfm.2008.9984.
  • Mulligan ML, Felton SK, Riek AE, Bernal-Mizrachi C. Implications of vitamin D Deficiency in pregnancy and lactation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202: 429.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.002.
  • Harvey NC, Holroyd C, Ntani G, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2014;18:1-190. doi: 10.3310/hta18450.
  • Kazzi SNJ, Karnati S, Puthuraya S, Thomas R. Vitamin D deficiency and respiratory morbidity among African American very low birth weight infants. Early Hum Dev 2018; 119:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.02.013.
  • Kim I, Kim SS, Song JI, Yoon SH, Park GY, Lee YW. Association between vitamin D level at birth and respiratory morbidities in very-low-birth-weight infants. Korean J Pediatr 2019; 62:166- 172. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.06632.
  • Yang LR, Li H, Zhang T, Zhao RC. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2018; 20:178-83. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.03.003.
  • Dhandai R, Jajoo M, Singh A, Mandal A, Jain R. Association of vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of late-onset neonatal sepsis. Paediatr Int Child Health 2018; 38:193-7. doi: 10.1080/20469.047.2018.1477388.
  • Fettah ND, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Is higher 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level preventive for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants? Am J Perinatol 2015; 32:247-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0034.138.3849.
  • Kabataş EU, Dinlen NF, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and retinopathy of prematurity. Scott Med J 2017; 62:129-35. doi: 10.1177/003.693.3017701867.
  • Youssef MAM, Zahran AM, Hussien AM, Elsayh KI, Askar EA, Farghaly HS. In neonates with vitamin D deficiency, low lymphocyte activation markers are risk factors for infection. Paediatr Int Child Health 2019; 39:111-8. doi: 10.1080/20469.047.2018.1528755.
  • Cetinkaya M, Erener-Ercan T, Kalayci-Oral T, et al. Maternal/ neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a new risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants? J Perinatol 2017; 37:673-8. doi: 10.1038/jp.2017.18.
  • Çetinkaya M, Çekmez F, Erener-Ercan T, et al. Maternal/ neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterms? J Perinatol 2015; 35:813-7. doi: 10.1038/jp.2015.88.
  • Karatekin G, Kaya A, Salihoğlu O, Balci H, Nuhoğlu A. Association of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in newborns with acute lower respiratory infection and their mothers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63:473-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602960.
  • Joung KE, Burris HH, Van Marter LJ, et al. Vitamin D and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. J Perinatol 2016; 36:878-82. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.115.
  • Thiele DK, Erickson EN, Snowden JM. High prevalence of maternal serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is not associated with poor birth outcomes among healthy white women in the Pacific Northwest. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2019;48:163-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2019.01.001.
  • Marshall I, Mehta R, Ayers C, Dhumal S, Petrova A. Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency at birth and associated outcome. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16: 208. doi: 10.1186/s12887.016.0741-4.
  • Parlak M, Kalay S, Kalay Z, Kırecci A, et al. Severe vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and their newborns in Turkey. J Mater Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 28: 548-51. doi: 10.3109/14767.058.2014.924103.
  • Wang Y, Li H, Zheng M, et al. Maternal vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in the Chinese population: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2018: 24;13(4): e0195700. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195700.
  • Fedakâr A. Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of vitamin D deficient newborns. EA Pediatrics 2019:855-62.
  • Özdemir AA, Ercan Gündemir Y, Küçük M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their infants. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018; 10: 44-50. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.4706.
  • Ariyawatkul K, Lersbuasin P. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in cord blood of newborns and the association with maternal vitamin D status. Eur J Pediatr 2018;177:1541-45. doi: 10.1007/s00431.018.3210-2.
  • Shakeri M, Jafarirad S. The relationship between maternal vitamin D status during third trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: A longitudinal study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 3: 17:33-40. doi: 10.18502/ijrm. v17i1.3818.
  • Wang H, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Gao Q. Maternal early pregnancy vitamin D status in relation to low birth weight and small-forgestational- age offspring. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175:146-150. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.09.010.
  • Bi WG, Nuyt AM, Weiler H, Leduc L, Santamaria C, Wei SQ. Association between vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and offspring growth, morbidity, and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:635-45. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0302.
  • Wu Jl, Yu L, Guo Y, Chen FY, Feng Z. Second-trimester 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in pregnant women from southern China and risk of macrosomia: a large-scale retrospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35:8618-24. doi: 10.1080/14767.058.2021.1990882.
  • Berseth CL. Neonatal small intestinal motility: motor responses to feeding in term and preterm infants. J Pediatr 1990 ;117:777-82. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83343-8.
  • Masri OA, Chalhoub JM, Sharara AI. Role of vitamins in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:5191- 209. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5191.
  • Abrams SA, Tiosano D. Disorders of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism in the neonate. In: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff and Martin’s Neonatal- Perinatal Medicine, Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. 11.th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020:1611-42.
  • Wang H, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Gao Q, Maternal early pregnancy vitamin D status in relation to low birth weight and small-forgestational- age offspring. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175:146-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.09.010.
  • Kassai MS, Cafeo FR, Affonso-Kaufman FA, Suano-Souza FI, Sarni ROS.Vitamin D plasma concentrations in pregnant women and their preterm newborns. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18: 412. doi: 10.1186/s12884.018.2045-1.
  • Qin LL, Lu FG, Yang SH, Xu HL, Luo BA. Does maternal vitamin D deficiency increase the risk of preterm birth: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients 2016; 20:8. doi: 10.3390/nu8050301.
  • Aletayeb SM, Dehdashtiyan M, Aminzadeh M, Malekyan A, Jafrasteh S. Comparison between maternal and neonatal serum vitamin D levels in term jaundiced and nonjaundiced cases. J Chin Med Assoc 2016;79:614-7. doi: 10.1016/j. jcma.2016.05.008.
  • Terek D, Özcan G, Ergin F, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in premature infants and its effects on neonatal prognosis. J Pediatr Res 2018;5:37-40 doi: 10.4274/jpr.82788.
  • Fettah ND, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Is higher 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level preventive for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants? Am J Perinatol 2015;32:247-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0034.138.3849.
  • Cepeda CD, Mathur P, Metha RL. Continuous renal replacement therapies for acute kidney injury. In: Nissenson AR, Fine RN, eds. Handbook of Dialysis Therapy. 5 th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2017:356-37.

The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit

Year 2024, Volume: 37 Issue: 1, 45 - 52, 28.01.2024

Elif Turkoglu Cetın Özgül Salihoğlu , Melih Gönen , Nazan Neslihan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1380019

Abstract

(LP) infants (born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestational age) monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing live-born LP neonates from singleton pregnancies. The
infants were monitored and treated in our hospital’s NICU between June 2016 and June 2019.
Results: Maternal age at delivery was higher among infants with adequate vitamin D levels than among those with deficient vitamin D
levels (P=0.007). A weak positive correlation was found between maternal age at childbirth and neonates’ vitamin D levels (r=0.296).
The rate of low-birth-weight deliveries was greater in babies with sufficient vitamin D levels than in those with deficient levels. There
was a weak negative association between the number of stools on the day that the infants’ serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD)
levels were taken and their vitamin D level (P=0.027, r=-0.244).
Conclusions: A significant correlation was shown between serum 25-OHD levels and maternal age and low birth weight in LP
neonates. Upon examining the influence of vitamin D levels on the number of defecations per day, no significant difference was
detected; however, a weak negative association was identified between them.

Keywords

Late preterm Mortality Early morbidity Vitamin D deficiency

References

  • Mohan SS, Jain L. Late preterm birth: preventable prematurity? Clin Perinatol 2011 ;38:547-55. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2011.06.005.
  • McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. Neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in late preterm births compared with births at term. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:35-41. doi: 10.1097/01. AOG.000.029.7311.33046.73.
  • Wang ML, Dorer DJ, Fleming MP, et al. Clinical outcomes of near-term infants. Pediatrics 2004;114:372-6. doi: 10.1542/ peds.114.2.372.
  • Clark RH. The epidemiology of respiratory failure in neonates born at an esti – mated gestational age of 34 weeks or more. J Perinatol 2005;25:251-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211242.
  • Pettifor JM. Nutritional rickets: deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or both? Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 45:801-9. doi: 10.1093/ ajcn/80.6.1725S.
  • Wagner CL, Taylor SN, Hollis BW. Does vitamin D make the world go ‘round’? Breastfeed Med 2008;3:239-50. doi: 10.1089/ bfm.2008.9984.
  • Mulligan ML, Felton SK, Riek AE, Bernal-Mizrachi C. Implications of vitamin D Deficiency in pregnancy and lactation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202: 429.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.002.
  • Harvey NC, Holroyd C, Ntani G, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2014;18:1-190. doi: 10.3310/hta18450.
  • Kazzi SNJ, Karnati S, Puthuraya S, Thomas R. Vitamin D deficiency and respiratory morbidity among African American very low birth weight infants. Early Hum Dev 2018; 119:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.02.013.
  • Kim I, Kim SS, Song JI, Yoon SH, Park GY, Lee YW. Association between vitamin D level at birth and respiratory morbidities in very-low-birth-weight infants. Korean J Pediatr 2019; 62:166- 172. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.06632.
  • Yang LR, Li H, Zhang T, Zhao RC. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2018; 20:178-83. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.03.003.
  • Dhandai R, Jajoo M, Singh A, Mandal A, Jain R. Association of vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of late-onset neonatal sepsis. Paediatr Int Child Health 2018; 38:193-7. doi: 10.1080/20469.047.2018.1477388.
  • Fettah ND, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Is higher 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level preventive for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants? Am J Perinatol 2015; 32:247-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0034.138.3849.
  • Kabataş EU, Dinlen NF, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and retinopathy of prematurity. Scott Med J 2017; 62:129-35. doi: 10.1177/003.693.3017701867.
  • Youssef MAM, Zahran AM, Hussien AM, Elsayh KI, Askar EA, Farghaly HS. In neonates with vitamin D deficiency, low lymphocyte activation markers are risk factors for infection. Paediatr Int Child Health 2019; 39:111-8. doi: 10.1080/20469.047.2018.1528755.
  • Cetinkaya M, Erener-Ercan T, Kalayci-Oral T, et al. Maternal/ neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a new risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants? J Perinatol 2017; 37:673-8. doi: 10.1038/jp.2017.18.
  • Çetinkaya M, Çekmez F, Erener-Ercan T, et al. Maternal/ neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterms? J Perinatol 2015; 35:813-7. doi: 10.1038/jp.2015.88.
  • Karatekin G, Kaya A, Salihoğlu O, Balci H, Nuhoğlu A. Association of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in newborns with acute lower respiratory infection and their mothers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63:473-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602960.
  • Joung KE, Burris HH, Van Marter LJ, et al. Vitamin D and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. J Perinatol 2016; 36:878-82. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.115.
  • Thiele DK, Erickson EN, Snowden JM. High prevalence of maternal serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is not associated with poor birth outcomes among healthy white women in the Pacific Northwest. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2019;48:163-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2019.01.001.
  • Marshall I, Mehta R, Ayers C, Dhumal S, Petrova A. Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency at birth and associated outcome. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16: 208. doi: 10.1186/s12887.016.0741-4.
  • Parlak M, Kalay S, Kalay Z, Kırecci A, et al. Severe vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and their newborns in Turkey. J Mater Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 28: 548-51. doi: 10.3109/14767.058.2014.924103.
  • Wang Y, Li H, Zheng M, et al. Maternal vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in the Chinese population: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2018: 24;13(4): e0195700. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195700.
  • Fedakâr A. Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of vitamin D deficient newborns. EA Pediatrics 2019:855-62.
  • Özdemir AA, Ercan Gündemir Y, Küçük M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their infants. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018; 10: 44-50. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.4706.
  • Ariyawatkul K, Lersbuasin P. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in cord blood of newborns and the association with maternal vitamin D status. Eur J Pediatr 2018;177:1541-45. doi: 10.1007/s00431.018.3210-2.
  • Shakeri M, Jafarirad S. The relationship between maternal vitamin D status during third trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: A longitudinal study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 3: 17:33-40. doi: 10.18502/ijrm. v17i1.3818.
  • Wang H, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Gao Q. Maternal early pregnancy vitamin D status in relation to low birth weight and small-forgestational- age offspring. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175:146-150. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.09.010.
  • Bi WG, Nuyt AM, Weiler H, Leduc L, Santamaria C, Wei SQ. Association between vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and offspring growth, morbidity, and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:635-45. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0302.
  • Wu Jl, Yu L, Guo Y, Chen FY, Feng Z. Second-trimester 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in pregnant women from southern China and risk of macrosomia: a large-scale retrospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35:8618-24. doi: 10.1080/14767.058.2021.1990882.
  • Berseth CL. Neonatal small intestinal motility: motor responses to feeding in term and preterm infants. J Pediatr 1990 ;117:777-82. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83343-8.
  • Masri OA, Chalhoub JM, Sharara AI. Role of vitamins in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:5191- 209. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5191.
  • Abrams SA, Tiosano D. Disorders of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism in the neonate. In: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff and Martin’s Neonatal- Perinatal Medicine, Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. 11.th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020:1611-42.
  • Wang H, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Gao Q, Maternal early pregnancy vitamin D status in relation to low birth weight and small-forgestational- age offspring. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175:146-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.09.010.
  • Kassai MS, Cafeo FR, Affonso-Kaufman FA, Suano-Souza FI, Sarni ROS.Vitamin D plasma concentrations in pregnant women and their preterm newborns. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18: 412. doi: 10.1186/s12884.018.2045-1.
  • Qin LL, Lu FG, Yang SH, Xu HL, Luo BA. Does maternal vitamin D deficiency increase the risk of preterm birth: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients 2016; 20:8. doi: 10.3390/nu8050301.
  • Aletayeb SM, Dehdashtiyan M, Aminzadeh M, Malekyan A, Jafrasteh S. Comparison between maternal and neonatal serum vitamin D levels in term jaundiced and nonjaundiced cases. J Chin Med Assoc 2016;79:614-7. doi: 10.1016/j. jcma.2016.05.008.
  • Terek D, Özcan G, Ergin F, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in premature infants and its effects on neonatal prognosis. J Pediatr Res 2018;5:37-40 doi: 10.4274/jpr.82788.
  • Fettah ND, Zenciroğlu A, Dilli D, Beken S, Okumuş N. Is higher 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level preventive for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants? Am J Perinatol 2015;32:247-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0034.138.3849.
  • Cepeda CD, Mathur P, Metha RL. Continuous renal replacement therapies for acute kidney injury. In: Nissenson AR, Fine RN, eds. Handbook of Dialysis Therapy. 5 th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2017:356-37.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Surgery (Other)
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Elif Turkoglu Cetın This is me 0000-0002-1496-8608

Özgül Salihoğlu 0000-0003-3040-2994

Melih Gönen 0000-0003-3801-2317

Nazan Neslihan Doğan 0000-0003-3040-2994

Publication Date January 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 37 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Turkoglu Cetın, E., Salihoğlu, Ö., Gönen, M., Doğan, N. N. (2024). The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. Marmara Medical Journal, 37(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1380019
AMA Turkoglu Cetın E, Salihoğlu Ö, Gönen M, Doğan NN. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. Marmara Med J. January 2024;37(1):45-52. doi:10.5472/marumj.1380019
Chicago Turkoglu Cetın, Elif, Özgül Salihoğlu, Melih Gönen, and Nazan Neslihan Doğan. “The Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels With Early Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Late Preterm Infants Monitored in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit”. Marmara Medical Journal 37, no. 1 (January 2024): 45-52. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1380019.
EndNote Turkoglu Cetın E, Salihoğlu Ö, Gönen M, Doğan NN (January 1, 2024) The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. Marmara Medical Journal 37 1 45–52.
IEEE E. Turkoglu Cetın, Ö. Salihoğlu, M. Gönen, and N. N. Doğan, “The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit”, Marmara Med J, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2024, doi: 10.5472/marumj.1380019.
ISNAD Turkoglu Cetın, Elif et al. “The Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels With Early Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Late Preterm Infants Monitored in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit”. Marmara Medical Journal 37/1 (January 2024), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.5472/marumj.1380019.
JAMA Turkoglu Cetın E, Salihoğlu Ö, Gönen M, Doğan NN. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. Marmara Med J. 2024;37:45–52.
MLA Turkoglu Cetın, Elif et al. “The Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels With Early Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Late Preterm Infants Monitored in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit”. Marmara Medical Journal, vol. 37, no. 1, 2024, pp. 45-52, doi:10.5472/marumj.1380019.
Vancouver Turkoglu Cetın E, Salihoğlu Ö, Gönen M, Doğan NN. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. Marmara Med J. 2024;37(1):45-52.
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