Carotenoid Composition and Investigation of the Antioxidant Activity of Phormidium sp.

Abstract

Microalgae metabolites are used for health, feed additives, cosmetic industries, food and biodiesel production. Phormidium species have an important position in medical studies because they contain essential components. In this study, carotenoid profile and content were analyzed using the HPLC method. Antioxidant activities for Phormidium sp. were determined using DPPH and FRAP assays. BHT and ASC were used as control samples in antioxidant assays. The method used to resolve a number of carotenoids from saponified Phormidium sp. proved acceptable separation, as evidenced by retention factor (k) values of 0.54 to 3.83 and separation factor (α) values greater than 1. Main carotenoids were dominated by the two main derivatives, all-trans form of lutein 41.35% (1.25 mg/g) and 9-or 9’-cis-β-carotene 36.43% (1.10 mg/g). Auroxanthin and cis neoxanthin were identified as epoxy-containing compounds. It is also understood that considering the DPPH assay, the extract of Phormidium sp. (IC50:127.6 mg/L) exhibited clearly low radical scavenging activity compared to the standards ASC (IC50: 0.02 mg/L) and BHT (IC50: 0.19 mg/L). In the FRAP antioxidant experiment, the mean ASC and BHT equivalent amounts were determined as 828.6 and 124.6 mg/L, respectively. Quantitatively, Phormidium sp. was predominated by cis-Lutein as a major constituent, being 41.35% (3.02 mg/g) in total carotenoids (Tc). The antioxidant capacity of Phormidium sp. that considering the DPPH and FRAP were compared to control standards were showed considerably low effects.

Keywords

• Microalgae
• Phormidium sp
• Carotenoids
• HPLC analysis
• DPPH and FRAP assays

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