Marine Science and Technology Bulletin
Araştırma Makalesi
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Effect of Contamination in Cooling Water Line on Emissions and Equipment of Vessels

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 236 - 245, 24.06.2022

Münir SÜNER Tankut YILDIZ

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1103640

Öz

Emission is a threat to all living things. Despite all the conferences on climate change, emissions could not be reduced. On the contrary, its effect continues to increase. Ships use fossil-based energy and they are widely used vehicles in transportation. This paper provides an analysis of emission in ship main engine and auxiliary machinery. In addition, the effect of contamination on safety valve of ship and funnel is illustrated clearly. All data used in this study were taken from the ship during the 79-day cruise. When the pollution factor was eliminated, the average NOx and SOx and total emissions from the cylinder jackets, seawater circuit, scavenger circuit, freshwater circuit decreased significantly. The average revolution of main engine increased by 20% after cleaning. The results of vibration due to contamination were found to be collapse and broke up of the cylinder safety valve of main engine, and insulation layer of funnel of ship was collapsed. Only due to the contamination of the jackets and cylinders of main engine, the amount of energy losses before the ship goes aground increased by 37.48%. But this decreased by 20.83% just after the cleaning procedures were carried out. In addition, the sea circuit of main engine was contaminated at different rates on ship simulator. The actual data is in consistence with the data obtained from the ship simulator.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Energy efficiency, Pollution effect, Main engine cooling systems, Emission, Vibration, Ship, Funnel, Safety valve, Fouling

Kaynakça

  • Akanlar, F. T., Celebi, U. B., & Vardar, N. (2011). The importance of wastewater treatment in shipbuilding industry. International Journal of Global Warming. 3(1-2), 103-115.
  • Badak, M. U., & Mert, S. O. (2016). Exergetic simulation and performance assessment of 1-1 shell and tube heat exchangers. International Journal of Exergy, 21(3), 261-276.
  • Corbett, J. J., Wang, H., & Winebrake, J. J. (2009). The effectiveness and costs of speed reductions on emissions from international shipping. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 14(8), 593–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2009.08.005
  • D’Amico, M., Zampilli, M., Laranci, P., D’Alessandro, B., Bidini, G., & Fantozzi, F. (2015). Measuring injectors fouling in internal combustion engines through imaging. Energy Procedia, 82, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.873
  • Dere, C., & Deniz, C. (2020). Effect analysis on energy efficiency enhancement of controlled cylinder liner temperatures in marine diesel engines with model based approach. Energy Conversion and Management, 220, 113015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113015
  • Dere, C., Zincir, B., Inal, O. B., & Deniz, C. (2022). Investigation of the adverse effects of slow steaming operations for ships. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers: Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment, In press. https://doi.org/10.1177/14750902221074191
  • Dimitrios, T., Hountalas, D. T., Mavropoulos, G. C., Katsanos, C., Daniolos, S., Dolaptzis, L., & Mastorakis, N. (2016). Potential for efficiency improvement of four-stroke marine diesel gensets by utilisation of exhaust gas energy. International Journal of Global Warming, 10(1-3), 133-157 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGW.2016.077910
  • Fontanesi, S., & Giacopini, M. (2013). Multiphase CFD–CHT optimization of the cooling jacket and FEM analysis of the engine head of a V6 diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 52(2), 293-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.12.005
  • Giannopoulos, G. A. (2017). Transport sector adaptation: actions and prospects. International Journal of Global Warming, 13(3-4), 371-381.
  • Gravalos, L., Loutridis, S., Moshou, D., Gialamas, T., Kateris, D., Tsiropoulos, Z., Xyradakis, P. (2013). Detection of fuel type on a spark ignition engine from engine vibration behavior. Applied Thermal Engineering, 54(1), 171-175.
  • Hattori S., & Kitagawa, T. (2010). Cavitation erosion resistance of cast iron and nonferrous metals based on database and comparison with carbon steel data. Wear, 269(5–6), 443-448.
  • Inal, O. B., & Deniz, C. (2020). Emission analysis of LNG fuelled molten carbonate fuel cell system for a chemical tanker ship: a case study. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(2), 118–133. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.827195
  • Jafarzadeh, S., & Utne, I. B. (2014) A framework to bridge the energy efficiency gap in shipping. Energy, 69, 603-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.03.056
  • Karakasli, E., Oztop, H. F., & Hepbasli, A. (2016). Performance assessment of a polyclinic heating and cooling system in a hospital building. International Journal of Exergy, 21(1), 70-86.
  • Khondaker A. N., Rahman S. M., Khan R. A., Malik, K., & Muhyedeen M. A. R. (2016). Management of greenhouse gas emissions from maritime operations - challenges and mitigation opportunities. International Journal of Global Warming, 9(3), 306-336.
  • Kontovas, C., & Psaraftis, H. N. (2011). Reduction of emissions along the maritime intermodal container chain: operational models and policies. Maritime Policy & Management, 38(4), 451–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.588262
  • Kuosa, M., Kaikko, J., & Koskelainen, L. (2007). The impact of heat exchanger fouling on the optimum operation and maintenance of the Stirling engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 27(10), 1671-1676.
  • Kuruneru, S. T. W., Sauret, E., Saha, S. C., & Gu, Y. T. (2016). Numerical investigation of the temporal evolution of particulate fouling in metal foams for air-cooled heat exchangers. Applied Energy, 184, 531-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.044
  • Larsen, U., Pierobon, L., Baldi, F., Haglind, F., & Ivarsson, A. (2015). Development of a model for the prediction of the fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides emission trade-off for large ships. Energy, 80, 545-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.12.009
  • Lin, T. R., Pan, J., O’Shea, P. J, & Mechefske, C. K. (2009). A study of vibration and vibration control of ship structures. Marine Structures, 22(4), 730-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2009.06.004
  • Moreno-Gutiérrez, J., Calderay, F., Saborido, N., Boile, M., Valero, R. R., & Durán-Grados, V. (2015). Methodologies for estimating shipping emissions and energy consumption: A comparative analysis of current methods, Energy, 86(C), 603-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.083
  • Nielsen, U. D., Jensen, J. J., Pedersen, P. T., & Ito, Y. (2011). Onboard monitoring of fatigue damage rates in the hull girder. Marine Structures, 24(2), 182-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2011.03.003
  • Pan, M., Bulatov, I., & Smith, R. (2016). Improving heat recovery in retrofitting heat exchanger networks with heat transfer intensification, pressure drop constraint and fouling mitigation. Applied Energy, 161, 611-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.073
  • Qureshi, B. A., & Zubair, S. M. (2016). Predicting the impact of heat exchanger fouling in power systems. Energy; 107(15), 595-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.032
  • Suner, M., & Yildiz, T. (2016). Pollution effects onboard and its generated solution for minimized pollution effect. In P. Grammelis (Ed.), Energy Transportation and Global Warming (pp. 851-866). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30127-3_63
  • Trujillo, E. C., Jiménez-Espadafor, F. J., Villanueva, B., & García, M. T. (2011). Methodology for the estimation of cylinder inner surface temperature in an air-cooled engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31(8–9), 1474-1481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.01.025
  • Wang, W., & Wu, F. (2017). Exergy destruction analysis of heat exchanger in waste heat recovery system in Kroll process. International Journal of Exergy, 22(1), 89-101.
  • Wu, S., & Xiao, L. (2011). Comparative study of the effect of fouling on heat exchangers performance based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. International Journal of Exergy, 9(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEX.2011.041427
  • Yalcin, E., Sogut, M. Z., & Karakoc, H. (2016). Examination of performance indicators’ effects based on propulsion parameters in a turboprop engine. International Journal of Exergy, 21(2), 186-201. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEX.2016.078925

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 236 - 245, 24.06.2022

Münir SÜNER Tankut YILDIZ

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1103640

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akanlar, F. T., Celebi, U. B., & Vardar, N. (2011). The importance of wastewater treatment in shipbuilding industry. International Journal of Global Warming. 3(1-2), 103-115.
  • Badak, M. U., & Mert, S. O. (2016). Exergetic simulation and performance assessment of 1-1 shell and tube heat exchangers. International Journal of Exergy, 21(3), 261-276.
  • Corbett, J. J., Wang, H., & Winebrake, J. J. (2009). The effectiveness and costs of speed reductions on emissions from international shipping. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 14(8), 593–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2009.08.005
  • D’Amico, M., Zampilli, M., Laranci, P., D’Alessandro, B., Bidini, G., & Fantozzi, F. (2015). Measuring injectors fouling in internal combustion engines through imaging. Energy Procedia, 82, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.873
  • Dere, C., & Deniz, C. (2020). Effect analysis on energy efficiency enhancement of controlled cylinder liner temperatures in marine diesel engines with model based approach. Energy Conversion and Management, 220, 113015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113015
  • Dere, C., Zincir, B., Inal, O. B., & Deniz, C. (2022). Investigation of the adverse effects of slow steaming operations for ships. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers: Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment, In press. https://doi.org/10.1177/14750902221074191
  • Dimitrios, T., Hountalas, D. T., Mavropoulos, G. C., Katsanos, C., Daniolos, S., Dolaptzis, L., & Mastorakis, N. (2016). Potential for efficiency improvement of four-stroke marine diesel gensets by utilisation of exhaust gas energy. International Journal of Global Warming, 10(1-3), 133-157 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGW.2016.077910
  • Fontanesi, S., & Giacopini, M. (2013). Multiphase CFD–CHT optimization of the cooling jacket and FEM analysis of the engine head of a V6 diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 52(2), 293-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.12.005
  • Giannopoulos, G. A. (2017). Transport sector adaptation: actions and prospects. International Journal of Global Warming, 13(3-4), 371-381.
  • Gravalos, L., Loutridis, S., Moshou, D., Gialamas, T., Kateris, D., Tsiropoulos, Z., Xyradakis, P. (2013). Detection of fuel type on a spark ignition engine from engine vibration behavior. Applied Thermal Engineering, 54(1), 171-175.
  • Hattori S., & Kitagawa, T. (2010). Cavitation erosion resistance of cast iron and nonferrous metals based on database and comparison with carbon steel data. Wear, 269(5–6), 443-448.
  • Inal, O. B., & Deniz, C. (2020). Emission analysis of LNG fuelled molten carbonate fuel cell system for a chemical tanker ship: a case study. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(2), 118–133. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.827195
  • Jafarzadeh, S., & Utne, I. B. (2014) A framework to bridge the energy efficiency gap in shipping. Energy, 69, 603-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.03.056
  • Karakasli, E., Oztop, H. F., & Hepbasli, A. (2016). Performance assessment of a polyclinic heating and cooling system in a hospital building. International Journal of Exergy, 21(1), 70-86.
  • Khondaker A. N., Rahman S. M., Khan R. A., Malik, K., & Muhyedeen M. A. R. (2016). Management of greenhouse gas emissions from maritime operations - challenges and mitigation opportunities. International Journal of Global Warming, 9(3), 306-336.
  • Kontovas, C., & Psaraftis, H. N. (2011). Reduction of emissions along the maritime intermodal container chain: operational models and policies. Maritime Policy & Management, 38(4), 451–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.588262
  • Kuosa, M., Kaikko, J., & Koskelainen, L. (2007). The impact of heat exchanger fouling on the optimum operation and maintenance of the Stirling engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 27(10), 1671-1676.
  • Kuruneru, S. T. W., Sauret, E., Saha, S. C., & Gu, Y. T. (2016). Numerical investigation of the temporal evolution of particulate fouling in metal foams for air-cooled heat exchangers. Applied Energy, 184, 531-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.044
  • Larsen, U., Pierobon, L., Baldi, F., Haglind, F., & Ivarsson, A. (2015). Development of a model for the prediction of the fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides emission trade-off for large ships. Energy, 80, 545-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.12.009
  • Lin, T. R., Pan, J., O’Shea, P. J, & Mechefske, C. K. (2009). A study of vibration and vibration control of ship structures. Marine Structures, 22(4), 730-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2009.06.004
  • Moreno-Gutiérrez, J., Calderay, F., Saborido, N., Boile, M., Valero, R. R., & Durán-Grados, V. (2015). Methodologies for estimating shipping emissions and energy consumption: A comparative analysis of current methods, Energy, 86(C), 603-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.083
  • Nielsen, U. D., Jensen, J. J., Pedersen, P. T., & Ito, Y. (2011). Onboard monitoring of fatigue damage rates in the hull girder. Marine Structures, 24(2), 182-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2011.03.003
  • Pan, M., Bulatov, I., & Smith, R. (2016). Improving heat recovery in retrofitting heat exchanger networks with heat transfer intensification, pressure drop constraint and fouling mitigation. Applied Energy, 161, 611-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.073
  • Qureshi, B. A., & Zubair, S. M. (2016). Predicting the impact of heat exchanger fouling in power systems. Energy; 107(15), 595-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.032
  • Suner, M., & Yildiz, T. (2016). Pollution effects onboard and its generated solution for minimized pollution effect. In P. Grammelis (Ed.), Energy Transportation and Global Warming (pp. 851-866). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30127-3_63
  • Trujillo, E. C., Jiménez-Espadafor, F. J., Villanueva, B., & García, M. T. (2011). Methodology for the estimation of cylinder inner surface temperature in an air-cooled engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31(8–9), 1474-1481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.01.025
  • Wang, W., & Wu, F. (2017). Exergy destruction analysis of heat exchanger in waste heat recovery system in Kroll process. International Journal of Exergy, 22(1), 89-101.
  • Wu, S., & Xiao, L. (2011). Comparative study of the effect of fouling on heat exchangers performance based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. International Journal of Exergy, 9(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEX.2011.041427
  • Yalcin, E., Sogut, M. Z., & Karakoc, H. (2016). Examination of performance indicators’ effects based on propulsion parameters in a turboprop engine. International Journal of Exergy, 21(2), 186-201. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEX.2016.078925

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik, Deniz
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Münir SÜNER
Tarsus University, Enginering Faculty, Mechanical Engineeing Department, Takbaş Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey
0000-0002-3714-7044
Türkiye

Tankut YILDIZ Bu kişi benim
Henkel-Adhessive Technologies IMEA Region Dangerous Goods Manager Tepeüstü Umraniye, İstanbul, Turkey
0000-0003-2083-1971
Türkiye

Teşekkür All data, images and photos were compiled by the author during the internship from the M/V Infinity Ship. So, thanks to the sailors and the owner of Makro Maritime Lines Limited.
Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Nisan 2022
Kabul Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2022
Yayınlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Süner, M. & Yıldız, T. (2022). Effect of Contamination in Cooling Water Line on Emissions and Equipment of Vessels . Marine Science and Technology Bulletin , 11 (2) , 236-245 . DOI: 10.33714/masteb.1103640
 Kapak Resmi İndir

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