Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality and Morbidity in Samsun Province of Turkey

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 624 - 638, 30.11.2022

Feyza Nur Topçu Yenerçağ , Ahmet Tevfik Sünter

https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1158787

Öz

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between hospital admissions and hospitalizations from respiratory system diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurological and psychiatric diseases with air pollution. The second aim of the study was to calculate the total number of deaths that can be attributed to air pollution with the AIR Q + program.
Methods: The study is a descriptive type of ecological study. As the determinant of air pollution, daily PM10 data from all stations located in the central districts of Samsun were used. The records of all applications and hospitalizations that received any of the ICD-10 diagnostic codes I00-99, J00-99, F00-99, and G00-99 were included in the study. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to explain the relationships between hospital admissions, hospitalizations, and PM10 and meteorological parameters.
Results: The annual average of PM10 was found to be 50.4±19.3 μg/m3. There were positive and statistically significant correlations between the daily number of admissions of all diseases evaluated with PM10. Positive and statistically significant correlations were found between hospitalizations for only respiratory and cardiovascular system diseases with PM10. Admissions from respiratory system diseases (3%), cardiovascular (2%), neurological (1%), and psychiatric diseases (1%) and hospitalizations from respiratory diseases (%2) increased for every 10 μg / m3 increase in PM10 level. The annual average of PM2.5 was found to be 31.8 μg/m3 using the AIR Q + program. The number of natural deaths that can be attributed to air pollution in 2018 was 835 (12.3%), and the estimated number of deaths attributable to 100,000 people at risk was 111.8 (RR: 1.14).
Conclusion: Hospital admissions and hospitalizations are increasing due to air pollution. Many deaths and adverse health effects can be prevented by reducing the air pollution that increases especially in the winter period to the determined limit values.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Air pollution, morbidity, mortality

Samsun İlinde Hava Kirliliğinin Mortalite ve Morbidite Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hava kirliliği ile solunum sistemi hastalıkları, kardiyovasküler sistem hastalıkları, nörolojik ve psikiyatrik hastalıklar nedeniyle yapılan hastane başvuruları ve hastane yatışları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amaçlandı. Çalışmanın ikinci amacı AIR Q + programı ile hava kirliliğine atfedilebilir toplam ölüm sayısını hesaplamaktı.
Materiyal ve Metod: Çalışma ekolojik türdedir. Hava kirliliğinin belirleyicisi olarak Samsun ili merkez ilçelerinde yer alan tüm istasyonlardan günlük PM10 verileri kullanılmıştır. ICD-10 tanı kodlarından I00-99,J00-99,F00-99,G00-99 herhangi birini alan tüm hastane başvuru ve yatışların kayıtları çalışmaya dahil edildi. Başvuru ve yatışlar ile PM10 ve meteorolojik parametreler arasındaki ilişkileri açıklamak için korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: PM10'un yıllık ortalaması 50,4±19,3 μg/m3 olarak bulundu. PM10 ile değerlendirilen tüm hastalıkların günlük başvuru sayıları arasında pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon saptandı. PM10 ile sadece solunum ve kardiyovasküler sistem hastalıkları nedenli hastaneye yatışlar arasında pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulundu. PM10 düzeyindeki her 10 µg/m3 artış için solunum sistemi hastalıkları (%3), kardiyovasküler (%2), nörolojik (%1) ve psikiyatrik hastalıklar (%1) ve solunum sistemi hastalıklarından hastaneye yatışlar (%2) artmıştır. AIR Q+ programı kullanılarak PM2.5'in yıllık ortalaması 31.8 μg/m3 olarak bulunmuştur. 2018 yılında Samsun il genelinde hava kirliliğine atfedilebilecek doğal ölüm sayısı 835 (%12,3), risk altındaki 100.000 kişiye atfedilebilecek tahmini ölüm sayısı ise 111.8 (RR: 1.14) olarak bulundu.
Sonuç: Hava kirliliğinin artışı ile orantılı olarak hastane başvuruları ve yatışlar artmaktadır. Kirliliğin belirlenen sınır değerlere indirilmesi ile çok sayıda ölüm ve sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerin önüne geçilebilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hava kirliliği, morbidite, mortalite

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