The Impact of Online Learning Methods on Nursing Students' Motivation During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Method Study
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 127 - 154, 30.06.2024
Nihal Yıldız Emre
,
İnci Mercan Annak
,
Keziban Öztürk
,
Nevra Kalkan
,
Burcu Opak Yücel
,
Burçin Irmak
,
Hülya Bulut
,
Sevil Güler
Öz
Objective: Online learning methods and digital tools have become more popular since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the effect of online learning methods on nursing students' motivation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This study adopted an explanatory sequential mixed research design involving a quasi-experimental single-group posttest and a qualitative design. The research was conducted in the spring semester of the 2020-2021 academic year at the department of nursing of a state university in Ankara, Turkey. The sample consisted of 237 students taking the “Surgical Diseases Nursing” course and the sample of the qualitative stage consisted of 20 students. The research had three stages. In the first stage, participants engaged in online interactive activities (Kahoot, Mentimeter, etc.), discussed case videos, and prepared cases based on group counseling throughout the semester. In the second stage, they discussed the group cases and then filled out the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) and the Achievement-Oriented Motivation Scale (AOMS). In the third stage, the researchers conducted three focus-group interviews to identify participants' experiences with online learning methods. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation coefficient, while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: Participants had a total mean IMMS and AOMS score of 94.83±15.79 and 142.39±18.80, respectively. The results showed that participants were highly motivated by online learning methods. The focus-group interviews revealed three themes: “learning process,” “learning method,” and “personal development/experience.
Conclusion: Nursing students are highly motivated by online learning methods. Most nursing students believe online learning methods make them more motivated and interested, classes more fun, and new knowledge more permanent. They also think that online learning methods facilitate learning. Therefore, universities should offer nursing students more online learning methods.
Kaynakça
- Korhan EA, Yılmaz DU, Ceylan B, Akbıyık A, Tokem Y. Hemşirelikte Psikomotor Becerilerin Öğretiminde Senaryo Temelli Öğrenme: Bir Deneyim Paylaşımı. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2018;3(3): 11-16.
- Uysal N. Improvement of Nursing Students' Learning Outcomes Through Scenario-Based Skills Training. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 2016;24: e2790.
- Leigh J, Vasilica C, Dron R, Gawthorpe D, Burns E, Kennedy, S, et al. Redefining Undergraduate Nurse Teaching During The Coronavirus Pandemic: Use of Digital Technologies. British Journal of Nursing 2020;29(10):566-569.
- Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK). Basın Açıklaması - Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanı Prof. Dr. M. A. Yekta Saraç, 26.03.2020. Last access: 31.01.2022. Avaible from: https://covid19.yok.gov.tr/alinan-kararlar
- Hao X, Peng X, Ding X, Qin Y, Lv M, Li J, et al. Application Of Digital Education In Undergraduate Nursing And Medical Interns During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Nurse Education Today 2021;108:105183.
- Kızıltepe SK, Kurtgöz A. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Aldıkları Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum ve Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of International Social Research 2020;13(74): 558-566.
- Langegård U, Kiani K, Nielsen SJ, Svensson PA. Nursing Students’ Experiences of A Pedagogical Transition From Campus Learning To Distance Learning Using Digital Tools. BMC Nursing 2021;20(1):1-10.
- Seah B, Ang ENK, Liaw SY, Lau ST, Wang W. Curriculum Changes For Pre-Registration Nursing Education In Times Of COVID-19: For The Better Or Worse?. Nurse Education Today 2021;98:104743.
- Yılmaz DU. Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelik Beceri Öğretiminin Sürdürülmesine Yönelik Hemşire Eğitimcilerinin Deneyimleri: Kanada Mcmaster Üniversitesi Örneği. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021;12(2):425-431.
- Altunbay M, Bıçak N. Türkçe Eğitimi Derslerinde “Z Kuşağı” Bireylerine Uygun Teknoloji Tabanlı Uygulamaların Kullanımı. Journal of World of Turks 2018;10 (1):127-142.
- Kim H, Suh EE, The Effects of An Interactive Nursing Skills Mobile Application On Nursing Students' Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, And Skills Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asian Nursing Research 2018;12(1):17-25.
1
Bulut H, Güler S, Kalkan N, Yücel BO, Irmak B, Emre, NY. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Klinik Uygulama Öncesi Yapılan İnteraktif Vaka Tartışmalarına İlişkin Görüşleri. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi 2021;4(3):382-392.
- O'connor S, Andrews T. Smartphones and Mobile Applications (Apps) In Clinical Nursing Education: A Student Perspective. Nurse Education Today 2018;69:172-178.
- Mucuk S, Ceyhan Ö, Kartın PT. COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Uzaktan Hemşirelik Eğitimi: Ulusal Deneyim. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2021;6(1):33-36.
- Messineo L, Allegra M, Seta L. Self-Reported Motivation for Choosing Nursing Studies: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. BMC Medical Education 2019;19(1):1-14.
- Hartnett M. Motivation in Online Education. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 5-32.
- Chang TS, Teng YK, Chien SY, Tzeng YL. Use Of an Interactive Multimedia E-Book to Improve Nursing Students' Sexual Harassment Prevention Knowledge, Prevention Strategies, Coping Behavior, And Learning Motivation: A Randomized Controlled Study. Nurse Education Today 2021;105:104883.
- Keller JM. Development and Use of The ARCS Model of Instructional Design. Journal of Instructional Development 1987;10(3):2–10.
- Kutu H, Sözbilir M. Instructional Materials Motivation Survey’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi 2015;(1):292-312.
- Semerci Ç. Başarı Odaklı Motivasyon (BOM) Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi. Education Sciences 2010;5(4):2123-2133.
- Coşansu G. Verilerin analizi ve yorumlanması. In: Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin MN, editors. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri; 2014. p. 271.
- Baltacı A. Qualitative Veri Analizinde Miles-Huberman Modeli. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 2017;3(1):1-14.
- Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): A 32-Item Checklist for Interviews and Focus Groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 2007;19(6):349-357.
- Oducado RM, Estoque H. Online Learning in Nursing Education During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Stress, Satisfaction, And Academic Performance. Journal of Nursing Practice 2021;4(2):143-153.
- Haslam MB. What Might COVID-19 Have Taught Us About The Delivery of Nurse Education, in A Post-COVID-19 World?. Nurse Education Today 2021;97:104707.
- Singh HK, Joshi A, Malepati RN, Najeeb S, Balakrishna P, Pannerselvam NK, et al. A Survey of E-Learning Methods in Nursing and Medical Education During COVID-19 Pandemic in India. Nurse Education Today 2021;99:104796.
- Muslim AQ, Hermawan H, Cahyasari E, Fanani MA. Virtual Laboratory: An Alternative Method of Practicum Learning in Higher Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education Technology 2022;6(2):226-236.
- Chang CY, Chung MH, Yang JC. Facilitating Nursing Students' Skill Training in Distance Education Via Online Game-Based Learning with the Watch-Summarize-Question Approach During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Nurse Education Today 2022;109:105256.
- Zhou T, Huang S, Cheng J, Xiao Y. The Distance Teaching Practice of Combined Mode of Massive Open Online Course Micro-Video for Interns in Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Epidemic Period. Telemedicine and e-Health 2020;26(5):584-588.
- Saeedi M, Ghafouri R, Tehrani FJ, Abedini Z. The Effects of Teaching Methods on Academic Motivation in Nursing Students: A Systematic Review. Journal of Education and Health Promotion 2021;10:271.
- Männistö M, Mikkonen K, Kuivila HM, Virtanen M, Kyngäs H, Kääriäinen M. Digital Collaborative Learning in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 2020;34(2):280-292.
- Bilik Ö, Kankaya EA, Deveci Z. Effects of Web-Based Concept Mapping Education on Students' Concept Mapping and Critical Thinking Skills: A Double Blind, Randomized, Controlled Study. Nurse Education Today 2020;86:104312.
- Yoo MS, Park HR. Effects of Case‐Based Learning on Communication Skills, Problem‐Solving Ability, and Learning Motivation in Nursing Students. Nursing & Health Sciences 2015;17(2):166-172.
- Yoo MS, Park JH, Lee SR. The Effects of Case-Based Learning Using Video on Clinical Decision Making and Learning Motivation in Undergraduate Nursing Students. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2010;40(6):863-871.
- Öz GÖ, Ordu Y. The Effects of Web-Based Education and Kahoot Usage in Evaluation of the Knowledge and Skills Regarding Intramuscular Injection Among Nursing Students. Nurse Education Today 2021;103:104910.
- Yu Z. A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Kahoot! on Academic Achievements and Student Performance. Research Square 2021;1:1-20.
- Coveney K, Somanadhan S, Nicholson E, Piga S, Pizziconi V, D'Elpidio G. et al. First Year Nursing Students’ Evaluation of Kahoot! to Facilitate Learning and Testing Knowledge. A Pilot Study in Ireland and Italy. Teaching and Learning in Nursing 2022;17(2):163-168.
- Aras GN, Çiftçi B. Comparison of the Effect of Reinforcement with Question-Answer and Kahoot Method on The Success and Motivation Levels of Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Review. Nurse Education Today 2021;102:104930.
- Özkan İ, Taylan S, İlaslan E. The Experiences of Nursing Students Towards Distance Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International e-Journal of Educational Studies 2021;5(10):106-117.
- Kalanlar B. Nursing Education in The Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional International Study. Nurse Education Today 2022;108:105213.
Pandemi Döneminde Kullanılan Çevrimiçi Öğrenme Yöntemlerinin Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Motivasyonu Üzerine Etkisi: Karma Yöntem Çalışması
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 127 - 154, 30.06.2024
Nihal Yıldız Emre
,
İnci Mercan Annak
,
Keziban Öztürk
,
Nevra Kalkan
,
Burcu Opak Yücel
,
Burçin Irmak
,
Hülya Bulut
,
Sevil Güler
Öz
Amaç: Pandemi döneminde, uygulanan çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerinin çeşitliliği ve sayısı artarak, eğitimde dijital araçların kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı pandemi döneminde kullanılan çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin motivasyonu üzerine etkisini ve öğrencilerin deneyimlerini belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Araştırma yarı deneysel tek gruplu son test ve nitel araştırma tasarımlarının birlikte kullanıldığı karma yöntem deseninde olup, Türkiye’nin başkentindeki bir üniversitenin Hemşirelik Bölümü’nde, 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği dersini alan 237 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma üç aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci aşamada öğrencilere teorik ders kapsamında çevrimiçi interaktif etkinlikler (kahoot, mentimeter vb.) uygulanmış, öğretim elemanları tarafından hazırlanan vaka videoları tartışılmış ve dönem boyunca grup danışmanlıkları verilerek öğrencilerden vaka çalışması hazırlamaları istenmiştir. İkinci aşamada grupların hazırladıkları vaka çalışmaları tartışılmıştır. Son olarak öğrencilerin motivasyon düzeyleri ‘Öğretim Materyalleri Motivasyon Anketi (ÖMMA)’ ve ‘Başarı Odaklı Motivasyon Ölçeği (BOMÖ)’ kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada ise öğrencilerin uygulanan çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerine ilişkin deneyimlerini belirlemek üzere üç odak grup görüşmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada nicel veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler, Spearman Korelasyon Analizi, nitel veriler ise içerik analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin ÖMMA toplam puanı 94.83±15.79 ve BOMÖ toplam puanı 142.39±18.80 bulunmuş olup, çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerine ilişkin yüksek motivasyona sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Odak grup görüşmelerinden elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda ‘Öğrenme süreci’, ‘Öğrenme yöntemi’ ve ‘Kişisel gelişim/deneyim’ olmak üzere üç tema belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Öğrencilerin kullanılan çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerine yönelik yüksek motivasyon düzeyine sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Öğrenciler çoğunlukla çevrimiçi öğrenme yöntemlerinin motivasyonu ve ilgiyi artırdığını, dersi eğlenceli hale getirdiğini, öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırdığını ve bilgiyi kalıcı hale getirdiğini bildirmiştir. Hemşirelik eğitiminde bu yöntemlerin çeşitliliğinin ve sayısının artırılarak kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Korhan EA, Yılmaz DU, Ceylan B, Akbıyık A, Tokem Y. Hemşirelikte Psikomotor Becerilerin Öğretiminde Senaryo Temelli Öğrenme: Bir Deneyim Paylaşımı. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2018;3(3): 11-16.
- Uysal N. Improvement of Nursing Students' Learning Outcomes Through Scenario-Based Skills Training. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 2016;24: e2790.
- Leigh J, Vasilica C, Dron R, Gawthorpe D, Burns E, Kennedy, S, et al. Redefining Undergraduate Nurse Teaching During The Coronavirus Pandemic: Use of Digital Technologies. British Journal of Nursing 2020;29(10):566-569.
- Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK). Basın Açıklaması - Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanı Prof. Dr. M. A. Yekta Saraç, 26.03.2020. Last access: 31.01.2022. Avaible from: https://covid19.yok.gov.tr/alinan-kararlar
- Hao X, Peng X, Ding X, Qin Y, Lv M, Li J, et al. Application Of Digital Education In Undergraduate Nursing And Medical Interns During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Nurse Education Today 2021;108:105183.
- Kızıltepe SK, Kurtgöz A. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Aldıkları Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum ve Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of International Social Research 2020;13(74): 558-566.
- Langegård U, Kiani K, Nielsen SJ, Svensson PA. Nursing Students’ Experiences of A Pedagogical Transition From Campus Learning To Distance Learning Using Digital Tools. BMC Nursing 2021;20(1):1-10.
- Seah B, Ang ENK, Liaw SY, Lau ST, Wang W. Curriculum Changes For Pre-Registration Nursing Education In Times Of COVID-19: For The Better Or Worse?. Nurse Education Today 2021;98:104743.
- Yılmaz DU. Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelik Beceri Öğretiminin Sürdürülmesine Yönelik Hemşire Eğitimcilerinin Deneyimleri: Kanada Mcmaster Üniversitesi Örneği. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021;12(2):425-431.
- Altunbay M, Bıçak N. Türkçe Eğitimi Derslerinde “Z Kuşağı” Bireylerine Uygun Teknoloji Tabanlı Uygulamaların Kullanımı. Journal of World of Turks 2018;10 (1):127-142.
- Kim H, Suh EE, The Effects of An Interactive Nursing Skills Mobile Application On Nursing Students' Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, And Skills Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asian Nursing Research 2018;12(1):17-25.
1
Bulut H, Güler S, Kalkan N, Yücel BO, Irmak B, Emre, NY. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Klinik Uygulama Öncesi Yapılan İnteraktif Vaka Tartışmalarına İlişkin Görüşleri. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi 2021;4(3):382-392.
- O'connor S, Andrews T. Smartphones and Mobile Applications (Apps) In Clinical Nursing Education: A Student Perspective. Nurse Education Today 2018;69:172-178.
- Mucuk S, Ceyhan Ö, Kartın PT. COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Uzaktan Hemşirelik Eğitimi: Ulusal Deneyim. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2021;6(1):33-36.
- Messineo L, Allegra M, Seta L. Self-Reported Motivation for Choosing Nursing Studies: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. BMC Medical Education 2019;19(1):1-14.
- Hartnett M. Motivation in Online Education. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 5-32.
- Chang TS, Teng YK, Chien SY, Tzeng YL. Use Of an Interactive Multimedia E-Book to Improve Nursing Students' Sexual Harassment Prevention Knowledge, Prevention Strategies, Coping Behavior, And Learning Motivation: A Randomized Controlled Study. Nurse Education Today 2021;105:104883.
- Keller JM. Development and Use of The ARCS Model of Instructional Design. Journal of Instructional Development 1987;10(3):2–10.
- Kutu H, Sözbilir M. Instructional Materials Motivation Survey’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi 2015;(1):292-312.
- Semerci Ç. Başarı Odaklı Motivasyon (BOM) Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi. Education Sciences 2010;5(4):2123-2133.
- Coşansu G. Verilerin analizi ve yorumlanması. In: Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin MN, editors. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri; 2014. p. 271.
- Baltacı A. Qualitative Veri Analizinde Miles-Huberman Modeli. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 2017;3(1):1-14.
- Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): A 32-Item Checklist for Interviews and Focus Groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 2007;19(6):349-357.
- Oducado RM, Estoque H. Online Learning in Nursing Education During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Stress, Satisfaction, And Academic Performance. Journal of Nursing Practice 2021;4(2):143-153.
- Haslam MB. What Might COVID-19 Have Taught Us About The Delivery of Nurse Education, in A Post-COVID-19 World?. Nurse Education Today 2021;97:104707.
- Singh HK, Joshi A, Malepati RN, Najeeb S, Balakrishna P, Pannerselvam NK, et al. A Survey of E-Learning Methods in Nursing and Medical Education During COVID-19 Pandemic in India. Nurse Education Today 2021;99:104796.
- Muslim AQ, Hermawan H, Cahyasari E, Fanani MA. Virtual Laboratory: An Alternative Method of Practicum Learning in Higher Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education Technology 2022;6(2):226-236.
- Chang CY, Chung MH, Yang JC. Facilitating Nursing Students' Skill Training in Distance Education Via Online Game-Based Learning with the Watch-Summarize-Question Approach During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Nurse Education Today 2022;109:105256.
- Zhou T, Huang S, Cheng J, Xiao Y. The Distance Teaching Practice of Combined Mode of Massive Open Online Course Micro-Video for Interns in Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Epidemic Period. Telemedicine and e-Health 2020;26(5):584-588.
- Saeedi M, Ghafouri R, Tehrani FJ, Abedini Z. The Effects of Teaching Methods on Academic Motivation in Nursing Students: A Systematic Review. Journal of Education and Health Promotion 2021;10:271.
- Männistö M, Mikkonen K, Kuivila HM, Virtanen M, Kyngäs H, Kääriäinen M. Digital Collaborative Learning in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 2020;34(2):280-292.
- Bilik Ö, Kankaya EA, Deveci Z. Effects of Web-Based Concept Mapping Education on Students' Concept Mapping and Critical Thinking Skills: A Double Blind, Randomized, Controlled Study. Nurse Education Today 2020;86:104312.
- Yoo MS, Park HR. Effects of Case‐Based Learning on Communication Skills, Problem‐Solving Ability, and Learning Motivation in Nursing Students. Nursing & Health Sciences 2015;17(2):166-172.
- Yoo MS, Park JH, Lee SR. The Effects of Case-Based Learning Using Video on Clinical Decision Making and Learning Motivation in Undergraduate Nursing Students. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2010;40(6):863-871.
- Öz GÖ, Ordu Y. The Effects of Web-Based Education and Kahoot Usage in Evaluation of the Knowledge and Skills Regarding Intramuscular Injection Among Nursing Students. Nurse Education Today 2021;103:104910.
- Yu Z. A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Kahoot! on Academic Achievements and Student Performance. Research Square 2021;1:1-20.
- Coveney K, Somanadhan S, Nicholson E, Piga S, Pizziconi V, D'Elpidio G. et al. First Year Nursing Students’ Evaluation of Kahoot! to Facilitate Learning and Testing Knowledge. A Pilot Study in Ireland and Italy. Teaching and Learning in Nursing 2022;17(2):163-168.
- Aras GN, Çiftçi B. Comparison of the Effect of Reinforcement with Question-Answer and Kahoot Method on The Success and Motivation Levels of Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Review. Nurse Education Today 2021;102:104930.
- Özkan İ, Taylan S, İlaslan E. The Experiences of Nursing Students Towards Distance Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International e-Journal of Educational Studies 2021;5(10):106-117.
- Kalanlar B. Nursing Education in The Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional International Study. Nurse Education Today 2022;108:105213.