CHANGES IN SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN IN SKELETAL MUSCLE DUE TO HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE OR HIGH-FAT DIETS

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 233 - 243, 30.09.2024

Nazlı Ezer Özer , Ayça Doğan Mollaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.69601/meandrosmdj.1537978

Abstract

Objective: Obesity, which arises from changes in lifestyle and feeding habits, is a threat to human health. One essential contributor to the increase in obesity rates is the popularity of high-calorie diets. This study aims to investigate high-fat (HFD) and high-carbohydrate (HCD) diet-induced molecular changes in protein secondary structure in longissimus dorsi skeletal muscle tissues of female inbred C57BL/6J mice by utilizing Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.
Materials and Methods: Mice were fed a control diet, HCD, or HFD for 24 weeks. Their skeletal muscle tissues were collected, and their spectra were recorded using a Bruker Invenio S ATR-FTIR spectrometer in the 4000-400 cm-1 region.
Results: The protein secondary structure profiles of the HCD group demonstrated a significant rise in antiparallel β-sheet and β-turn and a decline in parallel β-sheets together with the insignificant increase in aggregated β-sheets and a decrease in α-helix. The impact of an HFD on protein conformation is less pronounced than HCD. The HFD diet led to an increase in antiparallel β-sheets and a decrease in parallel β-sheets. Although it was not significant, an increase was observed in β-turn and α-helix.
Conclusion: These results propose the appearance of protein aggregation and/or formation of protein-protein intermolecular interaction in skeletal muscle tissues of female inbred C57BL/6J mice. Collectively, these data suggest that both high-calorie diets impair secondary structures of protein in skeletal muscle that may affect its metabolic function.

Keywords

Obesity, High-carbohydrate diet, High-fat diet, Protein secondary structure, FTIR, Spectroscopy

Ethical Statement

The experimental protocol of this study was approved by the Uskudar University Animal Research Local Ethics Committee (Approval No: 2017/02).

Supporting Institution

The Scientific and Technological Research Institution of Turkiye (TUBITAK)

Project Number

TUBITAK-3501-118S484

Thanks

We would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Institution of Turkiye (TUBITAK) for their support in conducting this study.

YÜKSEK KARBONHİDRATLI VEYA YÜKSEK YAĞLI DİYETLERE BAĞLI OLARAK İSKELET KASINDAKİ PROTEİNİN SEKONDER YAPISINDA MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİKLİKLER

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşam tarzı ve beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerden kaynaklanan obezite, insan sağlığı için bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Obezite artışına katkıda bulunan temel etkenlerden biri yüksek kalorili diyet tüketiminin popülerliğidir. Bu çalışmada, Zayıflatılmış Toplam Yansıma-Fourier Dönüşüm Kızılötesi (ATR-FTIR) spektroskopisi kullanılarak dişi C57BL/6J farelerinin longissimus dorsi iskelet kas dokularında yüksek yağlı (HFD) ve yüksek karbonhidratlı (HCD) diyetin neden olduğu protein sekonder yapısındaki moleküler değişikliklerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Farelere 24 hafta boyunca kontrol, HCD veya HFD diyetleri uygulandı. İskelet kas dokuları toplandı ve spektrumları Bruker Invenio S ATR-FTIR spektrometresi kullanılarak 4000-400 cm-1 bölgesinde kaydedildi.
Bulgular: HCD grubunun protein sekonder yapı profilleri, antiparalel β-tabaka ve β-dönüşte önemli bir artış ve paralel β-tabakalarda bir düşüş ile birlikte kümelenmiş β-tabakalarda önemsiz bir artış ve α-helikste bir azalma gösterdi. HFD'nin protein konformasyonu üzerindeki etkisi HCD'den daha az belirgindi. HFD diyeti, antiparalel β-tabakalarda bir artışa ve paralel β-tabakalarda bir azalmaya yol açtı. Önemli olmasa da β-dönüşte ve α-helikste bir artış gözlendi.
Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, dişi inbred C57BL/6J farelerinin iskelet kas dokularında protein agregasyonunun ve/veya protein-protein moleküller arası etkileşimlerinin ortaya çıktığını ileri sürmektedir. Bu veriler her iki yüksek kalorili diyetin de iskelet kasının sekonder protein yapılarını bozarak metabolik işlevini etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Obezite, Yüksek karbonhidratlı diyet, Yüksek yağlı diyet, Protein sekonder yapısı, FTIR, Spektroskopi

Project Number

TUBITAK-3501-118S484

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