Periodontal and Periapical Effects of Severity of Fremitus Due to Chronic Occlusal Trauma on Mandibular Incisors

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 93 - 104, 30.06.2023

Mahmure Ayşe Tayman , Esma Sarıçam

https://doi.org/10.4274/meandros.galenos.2021.35762

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Objective: Excessive occlusal force is defined as the force that exceeds the repair capacity of periodontal attachment and causes occlusal trauma. Fremitus is an important clinical sign of the tooth exposed to occlusal trauma, defined as functional mobility that can be seen or palpated when subjected to occlusal forces. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fremitus on the periapical and periodontal tissues of the mandibular incisors.
Materials and Methods: This study evaluated 1,004 mandibular incisors of 251 healthy individuals between the ages of 18–65. The presence or absence of fremitus was determined using the fremitus test by dividing individuals into 3 study groups (severefremitus, mild-fremitus, and absence-fremitus). Clinical and radiographic parameters such as gingival recession, tooth mobility, attrition, percussion, thermal hypersensitivity, crowded teeth, deep overbite, indication of root canal treatment, disruption in the lamina dura, periodontal ligament anomalies, and triangulation were recorded. Relationships between these parameters and fremitus groups were compared.
Results: Age and gender distribution, the need for root canal treatment, teeth with percussion, thermal hypersensitivity, mobility, deep overbite, crowded teeth, number of teeth whose periodontal ligament space could not be seen normally, and lamina-dura disruption were significantly higher in the severe-fremitus group compared to the non-fremitus (p<0.05) and mild-fremitus (p<0.05) groups. All three groups were significantly different in terms of triangulation, attrition, the presence of gingival recession, and the amount of gingival recession in mm (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Periodontal, pulpal, and periapical tissues are negatively affected by severe fremitus. Excessive occlusal forces on the mandibular incisors increased the incidence of clinical and radiographic anomalies and pathological findings.

Keywords

Fremitus , occlusal trauma , diagnosis , mandibular incisor

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