<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>MetaZihin: Yapay Zeka ve Zihin Felsefesi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2651-2963</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2651-2963</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Murat ARICI</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51404/metazihin.898110</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Philosophy</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Felsefe</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Yanılsamanın Akla Yatkınlığı: Alternatif Olanaklar İlkesi, Özgür İrade ve Ahlaki Sorumluluk</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Plausibility of Illusion: The Principle of Alternate Possibilities, Free Will, and Moral Responsibility</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-4688</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kütükoğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kadir</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ, FELSEFE (DR)</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20210630">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2021</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>4</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>31</fpage>
                                        <lpage>51</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20210316">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20210629">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>29</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, MetaZihin: Yapay Zeka ve Zihin Felsefesi Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>MetaZihin: Yapay Zeka ve Zihin Felsefesi Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Alternatif olanaklar ilkesi (–ki “PAP” olarak da adlandırılabilmektedir), genellikle bağdaşmazcı özgür irade ve başka türlü yapma olanağı kavrayışlarını tanıtlamak amacıyla çekirdek bir argüman içerisinde birinci öncül olarak kullanılır. Bu ilke, “Kişi ancak başka türlü yapabilseydi eyleminden ahlaki anlamda sorumlu olurdu” anlamına gelir. Söz konusu bağdaşmazcı çekirdek argümana karşı-cevap üretmek için Harry Frankfurt, 1969’da bir makale yayınladı. Onun çıkarımlarını ortaya koyma biçimi birtakım karşı-olgusal düşünce deneylerine dayanıyordu. Bu sayede alternatif olanaklar ilkesinin nasıl çürütülebilir olduğunu gösterecekti. Söz konusu makale, sırasıyla şu dikkat çekici düşünceleri içeriyordu: (1) Özgür irade alternatif olanakları gerektirmez. (2) Kişi başka türlü yapma olanağından mahrum olsa bile eyleminden ahlaki anlamda sorumlu olabilir. (3) Zorlama ahlaki sorumluluğu dışlamaz. Bu çalışma ilkin, “PAP”ye ilişkin bir çözümleme sağlarken sonrasında Frankfurt’un taraf tuttuğu konum nezdinde bağdaşırcılığın gözden geçirilmiş bir tanımı gerektirdiği önerisinde bulunmaktadır.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>The principle of alternate possibilities (it may also be called the “PAP”) is often used as the first premise in a core argument to prove that the incompatibilist accounts of free will and the ability to do otherwise. And what that means is that “An agent is morally responsible for what he/she has done, only if he/she could have done otherwise.” In counter-response to this argument, Harry Frankfurt has issued an article in 1969. The way he came up with his conclusions were based on various counterfactual thought experiments. In this way, he was going to show how the principle of alternate possibilities can be falsified. The paper in question contained the following striking thoughts: (1) Free will does not entail (imply) alternate possibilities. (2) An agent can be morally responsible for what he/she has done even though he/she could not have done otherwise. (3) Coercion does not exclude moral responsibility. This study first gives an analysis of the “PAP,” then proposes that the version of compatibilism which Frankfurt defends requires a revised description.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Harry Frankfurt</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  alternatif olanaklar ilkesi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  özgür irade</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  başka türlü yapma olanağı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  nedensel belirlenimcilik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bağdaşırcılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bağdaşmazcılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ahlaki sorumluluk</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Harry Frankfurt</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  the principle of alternate possibilities</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  free will</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  the ability to do otherwise</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  causal determinism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  compatibilism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  incompatibilism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  moral responsibility</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  coercion</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Austin, J. L. (1979). “Ifs and Cans.” J. O. Urmson and G. J. Warnock (Der.), Philosophical Papers (3rd Edition) içinde (s. 205-232). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/019283021x.001.0001</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Balaguer, M. (2014). Free Will. Cambridge, MA: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press. DOI: 10.7551/mitpress/9996.001.0001</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Campbell, J. K. (1997). “A Compatibilist Theory of Alternate Possibilities.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 88(3): 319-330.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Campbell, J. K. (2016). “The Consequence Argument.” Kevin Timpe, Meghan Griffith and Neil Levy (Der.), The Routledge Companion to Free Will içinde (s. 151-165). Oxfordshire, OXF: Routledge and Taylor &amp; Francis Group. DOI: 10.4324/9781317422266-27</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Copp, D. (1997). “Defending the Principle of Alternate Possibilities: Blameworthiness and Moral Responsibility.” Noûs, 31(4): 441-456. DOI: 10.1111/0029-4624.00055</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Copp, D. (2006). ”’Ought’ Implies ‘Can’, Blameworthiness, and the Principle of Alternate Possibilities.” David Widerker and Michael McKenna (Der.), Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities: Essays on the Importance of Alternative Possibilities içinde (s. 251-299). Aldershot, HA: Ashgate Publishing Limited.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Descartes, R. (2013). Meditations on First Philosophy. Der. Andrew Bailey. Çev. Ian Johnston. Peterborough: Broadview Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fischer, J. M. (2005). “General Introduction.” John Martin Fischer (Der.), Free Will: Critical Concepts in Philosophy: Concepts and Challenges (Vol 1) içinde (s. XXIII-XXX). Oxfordshire, OXF: Routledge and Taylor &amp; Francis Group.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fischer, J. M. (2010). “The Frankfurt Cases: The Moral of the Stories.” The Philosophical Review, 119(3): 315-336. DOI: 10.1215/00318108-2010-002</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fischer, J. M. (2012). “The Frankfurt-Style Cases: Philosophical Lightning Rods.” Reprints and Working Papers of the Centre for Advanced Study in Bioethics, 46: 1-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Frankfurt, H. G. (1969). “Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility.” Wendell T. Bush (Der.), The Journal of Philosophy, 66(23): 829-839. DOI: 10.2307/2023833</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gettier, E. L. (1963). “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge.” Analysis, 23(6): 121-123. DOI: 10.1093/analys/23.6.121</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ginet, C. (1996). “In Defense of the Principle of Alternative Possibilities: Why I Don’t Find Frankfurt’s Argument Convincing.” Noûs: Philosophical Perspectives, Metaphysics, 10: 403-417. DOI: 10.2307/2216254</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Goetz, S. (2005). “Frankfurt-Style Counter-examples and Begging the Question.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 29: 83-105. DOI: 10.2307/2214275</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gustafsson, J. E. (2017). “A Strengthening of the Consequence Argument for Incompatibilism.” Chris Daly and David Liggins (Der.), Analysis, 77(4): 705-715. DOI: 10.1093/analys/anx103</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Harrison, G. K. (2006). “Frankfurt-Style Cases and Improbable Alternate Possibilities.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 130(2): 399-406. DOI: 10.1007/s11098-004-5753-5</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kane, R. (1985). Free Will and Values. Albany, NY: State University of New York (SUNY) Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kane, R. (1999). The Significance of Free Will (2nd Edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/0195126564.001.0001</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kenny, A. (1987). Descartes: A Study of His Philosophy (2nd Edition). New York, NY: Garland Publishing, Inc.
List, C. (2019). “What’s Wrong with the Consequence Argument: A Compatibilist Libertarian Response.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 119(3): 253-274. DOI: 10.1093/arisoc/aoz018</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Locke, J. (1999). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. State College, PA: The Pennsylvania State University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McKenna, M. (2010). “Whose Argumentative Burden, Which Incompatibilist Arguments? –Getting the Dialectic Right.” Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 88(3): 429-443. DOI: 10.1080/00048400903233811</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nietzsche, F. (2007). “Twilight of the Idols.” Çev. Judith Norman. Aaron Ridley and Judith Norman (Der.), The Anti-Christ, Ecce Homo, Twilight of the Idols, and Other Writings (4th Edition) içinde (s. 153-230). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Plato (1997). “Apology.” Çev. G. M. A. Grube. John Madison Cooper and Douglas S. Hutchinson (Der.), Plato: Complete Works içinde (s. 17-36). Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Timpe, K. (2013). Free Will: Sourcehood and its Alternatives (2nd Edition). New York, NY: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Inwagen, P. (1975). “The Incompatibility of Free Will and Determinism.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 27(3): 185-199. DOI: 10.1007/bf01624156</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Inwagen, P. (1983). An Essay on Free Will. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.2307/2214275</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Inwagen, P. (1989). “When is the Will Free?” Noûs: Philosophical Perspectives, Philosophy of Mind and Action Theory, 3: 399-422. DOI: 10.2307/2214275</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Inwagen, P. (1999). “Moral Responsibility, Determinism, and the Ability to Do Otherwise.” J. Angelo Corlett (Der.), The Journal of Ethics, 3(4): 341-350.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Inwagen, P. (2000). “Free Will Remains a Mystery.” Noûs: Philosophical Perspectives, Action and Freedom, 14: 1-19. DOI: 10.1111/0029-4624.34.s14.1</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vihvelin, K. (2013). Causes, Laws, and Free Will: Why Determinism Doesn’t Matter. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/978019975185.001.0001</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vihvelin, K. (2018). “Arguments for Incompatibilism.” Edward N. Zalta (Der.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition) içinde. Alındığı URL: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/incompatibilism-arguments/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Widerker, D. (1995). “Libertarianism and Frankfurt’s Attack on the Principle of Alternative Possibilities.” The Philosophical Review, 104(2): 247-261. DOI: 10.2307/2185979</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
