Wastewater treatment plant design and modeling for the city of Erzurum
Abstract
Currently large amounts of wastewater are produced by domestic and industrial activities. Discharge of wastewater to the receiving environment without treatment causes significant health and environmental problems. Modeling and optimization of Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) developed to treat domestic wastewater play key roles in determining unit components, design parameters and operation conditions. Several models were proposed to predict the treatment performance in WWTP. The Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) is one of the commonly-used standard models developed to better understand removal of carbonaceous and nitrogenous materials. In this study, a WWTP is proposed for domestic wastewater using grit chamber, circular primary and secondary clarifiers, completely-mixed aeration tank, sludge thickener, sludge dewatering and anaerobic digestion processes together. The WWTP was modeled with ASM1 noting the topographic and meteorological features of the city. The treatment performances with wastewater temperatures of 10°C and 20°C were investigated for this plant, operating at high elevation. Removal efficiencies at 20°C were 95.7%, 92.2%, 97.9% and 99.2% for MLSS, COD, BOD and NH4, while effluent concentrations were 14.83, 48.51, 6.55 and 0.3 mg L-1, respectively. At 10°C, removal efficiencies were 88.9%, 88%, 93.2%, and 26.9%, while effluent concentrations were 38, 75, 21.83 and 26.13 mg L-1, respectively. A clear reduction was observed in nitrogenous material removal at low temperatures. Additionally, keeping dissolved oxygen concentration in the aeration tank at 1.5 mg L-1 with PID control increased nitrification efficiency by 30%. The findings reveal the importance of modeling studies during planning of WWTP.
Keywords
References
- [1]. S.J. Burian, S.J. Nix, R.E. Pitt, S.R. Durrans, “Urban wastewater management in the United States: Past, present, and future”, Journal of Urban Technology, 7, (2000), 33–62.
- [2]. Y. Muslu, “Atıksuların arıtılması”, Cilt-1, İstanbul, İTÜ Matbaası, (1996).
- [3]. E. Ardern, W.T. Lockett, “Experiments on the oxidation of sewage without the aid of filters”, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 33, (1914), 523–539.
- [4]. K.V. Gernaey, M.C. Van Loosdrecht, M. Henze, M. Lind, S.B. Jørgensen, “Activated sludge wastewater treatment plant modelling and simulation: state of the art”, Environmental Modelling & Software, 19, (2004), 763–783.
- [5]. S. Yıldız, O.Ö. Namal, M. Çekim, “Atık su arıtma teknolojilerindeki tarihsel gelişimler”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 1, (2013), 55–67.
- [6]. R. Hreiz, M. Latifi, N. Roche, “Optimal design and operation of activated sludge processes: State-of-the-art”, Chemical Engineering Journal, 281, (2015), 900–920.
- [7]. Y. Liu, “Chemically reduced excess sludge production in the activated sludge process”, Chemosphere, 50, (2003), 1–7.
- [8]. H. Siegrist, M. Tschui, “Interpretation of experimental data with regard to the activated sludge model no. 1 and calibration of the model for municipal wastewater treatment plants”, Water Science and Technology, 25, (1992), 167–183.
- [9]. W. El-Shorbagy, A. Arwani, R.L. Droste, “Optimal sizing of activated sludge process with ASM3”, International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 11, (2011), 19–55.
- [10]. E. Aladağ, “Erzurum kenti için aktif çamur tesisi tasarımı ve modellenmesi”, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çevre Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erzurum, (2011).