Investigation and analysis of interleaved dc-dc boost converter for grid-connected photovoltaic energy system

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 171 - 178, 31.12.2022

Mehmet Buyuk

https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.955930

Bu makale için 1 Temmuz 2023 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mjen/issue/78236/1318622

Öz

In this study, we focused on the synthesis of polymeric hydrogels that will support the sorption and controlled release of urea, which is a rich nitrogen source, from aqueous solutions and their usability in agricultural applications. N, N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) and Starch (St) were selected as monomers, and their superior properties, such as chemical stability, high sorption properties, biocompatibility, and the presence of modifiable groups, were utilized. A redox polymerization technique was used to create a poly(DMAAm-co-St)-based hydrogel that was then modified with acidic and basic agents to improve the properties of starch. The synthesized acid- and base-modified hydrogels were named DSt, DSt1, and DSt2, respectively. Swelling analyses were performed to examine the structural and morphological properties of DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric Analyzers (TGA) were used. Intense cross-linking, porosity, and the presence of hydrophilic groups were successfully detected by instrumental analysis and swelling results. The successful results of urea sorption by DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels show that they can both minimize the harmful effects of urea in the environment and contain the nitrogen necessary for plants. At the same time, urea sorption behaviors were evaluated in terms of sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties, and it was observed that urea sorption conformed to the Langmuir isotherm. The urea release results showed that DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels exhibited different release properties in different pH solutions, and these results reached 94% at pH 6–8, 100% at pH 6, and 100% at pH 8–10, respectively. As a result of the gradual decrease in the water resources on the earth, the increase in the use of fertilizers in agricultural production, and the insufficient use of fertilizers, our study draws attention to the development and support of materials that absorb/store water, and forms of controlled release fertilizers and provides potential ease of application

Anahtar Kelimeler

dc/dc converter, interleaved boost converter, grid-connected PV system, current ripple, THD.

Kaynakça

• [1]. M. İnci, "Interline fuel cell (I-FC) system with dual-functional control capability," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 45, pp. 891-903, 2020/01/01/ 2020.
• [2]. Sudha R., Abishri P., and U. S., "Review of Coupled Two and Three Phase Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC) and Investigation of Four Phase IBC for Renewable Application," International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 6, 2016.
• [3]. H. H. ÇOBAN, "Accelerating renewable energy generation over industry 4.0 " MANAS Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, pp. 114-120, 2019.
• [4]. X. Cao, C. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Gan, H. Li, W. Ni, et al., "The simulation study of the modulation method for PV grid-connected system," Energy Procedia, vol. 145, pp. 122-127, 2018/07/01/ 2018.
• [5]. M. İnci, "Design and Analysis of Dual Level Boost Converter Based Transformerless Grid Connected PV System for Residential Applications," in 2019 4th International Conference on Power Electronics and their Applications (ICPEA), 2019, pp. 1-6.
• [6]. F. Sedaghati, A. Nahavandi, M. A. Badamchizadeh, S. Ghaemi, and M. Abedinpour Fallah, "PV Maximum Power-Point Tracking by Using Artificial Neural Network," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2012, p. 506709, 2012/03/01 2012.
• [7]. S. Zhang and Y. Tang, "Optimal schedule of grid-connected residential PV generation systems with battery storages under time-of-use and step tariffs," Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 23, pp. 175- 182, 2019/06/01/ 2019.
• [8]. M. K. A. Rödl , H. Schaumburg, "Strategy For A Large Scale Introduction Of Solar Energy In Central Asia," MANAS Journal of Engineering vol. 5, pp. 48-56, 2017.
• [9]. M. S. Aygen and M. İnci, "Zero-sequence current injection based power flow control strategy for grid inverter interfaced renewable energy systems," Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, pp. 1-22, 2020.
• [10]. G.-Y. Choe, J. Kim, H.-S. Kang, and B.-K. Lee, "An Optimal Design Methodology of an Interleaved Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Applications," Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology vol. 5, pp. 319-328, 2010.
• [11]. M. Elsied, A. Oukaour, H. Chaoui, H. Gualous, R. Hassan, and A. Amin, "Real-time implementation of four-phase interleaved DC–DC boost converter for electric vehicle power system," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 141, pp. 210-220, 2016/12/01/ 2016.
• [12]. M. İnci, "Performance Analysis of T-type Inverter Based on Improved Hysteresis Current Controller," Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 7, pp. 149-155, 2019.
• [13]. J. Seok and A. Parastar, "Modeling and Control of the Average Input Current for Three-Phase Interleaved Boost Converters," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 51, pp. 2340-2351, 2015.
• [14]. R. Seyezhai and B. L. Mathur, "Design and implementation of interleaved boost converter for fuel cell systems," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 37, pp. 3897-3903, 2012/02/01/ 2012.
• [15]. F. Slah, A. Mansour, M. Hajer, and B. Faouzi, "Analysis, modeling and implementation of an interleaved boost DC-DC converter for fuel cell used in electric vehicle," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 42, pp. 28852-28864, 2017/11/30/ 2017.
• [16]. P. Thounthong, P. Sethakul, S. Rael, and B. Davat, "Design and Implementation of 2-Phase Interleaved Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Power Source," in 2008 4th IET Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2008, pp. 91-95.
• [17]. R. Saadi, M. Y. Hammoudi, O. Kraa, M. Y. Ayad, and M. Bahri, "A robust control of a 4-leg floating interleaved boost converter for fuel cell electric vehicle application," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 167, pp. 32-47, 2020/01/01/ 2020.
• [18]. J. Choi, H. Cha, and B. Han, "A Three-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Converter With Active Clamp for Fuel Cells," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 25, pp. 2115-2123, 2010.
• [19]. D. S. G. Krishna and M. Patra, "Modeling of multi-phase DC-DC converter with a compensator for better voltage regulation in DC micro-grid application," in 2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016, pp. 989-994.
• [20]. M. Rezvanyvardom, E. Adib, and H. Farzanehfard, "New interleaved zero-current switching pulse-width modulation boost converter with one auxiliary switch," IET Power Electronics, vol. 4, pp. 979-983, 2011.
• [21]. J. Cubas, S. Pindado, and C. De Manuel, "Explicit Expressions for Solar Panel Equivalent Circuit Parameters Based on Analytical Formulation and the Lambert W-Function," Energies, vol. 7, pp. 4098-4115, 2014.
• [22]. S. Motahhir, A. El Hammoumi, and A. El Ghzizal, "The most used MPPT algorithms: Review and the suitable low-cost embedded board for each algorithm," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 246, p. 118983, 2020/02/10/ 2020.
• [23]. A. Loukriz, M. Haddadi, and S. Messalti, "Simulation and experimental design of a new advanced variable step size Incremental Conductance MPPT algorithm for PV systems," ISA Transactions, vol. 62, pp. 30-38, 2016/05/01/ 2016.
• [24]. S. Sakulchotruangdet and S. Khwan-on, "Three-phase Interleaved Boost Converter with Fault Tolerant Control Strategy for Renewable Energy System Applications," Procedia Computer Science, vol. 86, pp. 353-356, 2016/01/01/ 2016.
• [25]. M. Nabil, S. M. Allam, and E. M. Rashad, "Modeling and design considerations of a photovoltaic energy source feeding a synchronous reluctance motor suitable for pumping systems," Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 3, pp. 375-382, 2012/12/01/ 2012.
• [26]. M. Büyük, A. Tan, M. Tümay, and K. Ç. Bayındır, "Topologies, generalized designs, passive and active damping methods of switching ripple filters for voltage source inverter: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 62, pp. 46-69, 2016/09/01/ 2016..