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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>mjss</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1694-7215</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Kırgızistan Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33206/mjss.1658581</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Growth</subject>
                                                            <subject>Macroeconomics (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Büyüme</subject>
                                                            <subject>Makro İktisat (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Impact of Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment on Economic Growth in E7 Countries: Evidence from Panel Causality Analysis</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Doğrudan ve Dolaylı Yabancı Yatırımların E7 Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Panel Nedensellik Analizinden Kanıtlar</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6285-8318</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Bektaş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Selahattin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KTO KARATAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-4715</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Baykuş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ogün</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260428">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>15</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>545</fpage>
                                        <lpage>559</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250315">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>15</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260216">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2001, MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2001</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Foreign direct and indirect investments are crucial issues that deserve attention in all economies in the context of development and economic growth. This is because such investments make positive contributions to the economy in various ways, including increasing employment opportunities, promoting industrial and technological advancements, expanding the volume of capital markets, and diversifying the range of available products. These contributions are particularly significant for all national economies, especially for those that are developing or undergoing industrialization. In these economies, foreign direct and indirect investments are among the most effective methods for achieving capital accumulation. Within this framework, the present study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth and foreign direct and indirect investments in E7 countries. In the analysis, the dependent variable is economic growth, while the independent variables are foreign direct and indirect investments, unemployment, and inflation. While foreign direct and indirect investments constitute the core variables of the analysis, inflation and unemployment are included in the empirical model as control variables. Within the framework of the analyses conducted, the presence of inter-unit correlation and heterogeneity was identified in the empirical model. Therefore, the “Judois, Karavias, and Sarafidis” (2021) heterogeneous panel causality analysis, which takes into account inter-unit correlation and heterogeneity, was used in the analysis of the study. The findings revealed a one-way causality from direct foreign investment to economic growth and a two-way causality between indirect foreign investment and economic growth. In addition to these results, a two-way causality between unemployment and economic growth was identified, while no causality relationship was found between inflation and economic growth.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımlar, tüm ekonomilerde kalkınma ve ekonomik büyüme adına ehemmiyet gösterilmesi gereken konulardır. Çünkü doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımlar ekonomiye; istihdam olanaklarının arttırılması, sanayi ve teknolojik gelişmelerin teşvik edilmesi, sermaye piyasalarının hacminin arttırılması ve finansal ürün yelpazesinin genişlemesi gibi konularda olumlu katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu katkılar tüm ülke ekonomileri için özellikle de gelişmekte ve sanayileşmekte olan ekonomiler için önem taşımaktadır. Çünkü bu ekonomilerde doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımlar sermaye birikimi sağlamanın en etkili yöntemleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, E7 ülkelerinde ekonomik büyüme ile doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımların arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken, ekonomik büyüme; bağımsız değişkenler ise doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımlar, işsizlik ve enflasyondur. Doğrudan ve dolaylı yabancı yatırımlar, analizin temel değişkenlerini oluştururken, enflasyon ve işsizlik ise ampirik modele kontrol değişken olarak ilave edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler çerçevesinde ampirik modelde birimler arası korelasyon ve heterojenliğin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bundan dolayı çalışmanın analizinde birimler arası korelasyon ve heterojenliği dikkate alan “Judois, Karavias ve Sarafidis” (2021) heterojen panel nedensellik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardan ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek taraflı bir nedensellik, dolaylı yabacı yatırımlar ve ekonomik büyümeye arasında ise çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara ek olarak işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü bir nedenselliğin varlığı ortaya koyulurken, enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanamamıştır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                                                <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Doğrudan ve Dolaylı Yabancı Yatırımlar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ekonomik Büyüme</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Panel Veri Analizi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  E7 Ülkeleri</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                        <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Economic Growth</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Panel Data Analysis</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  E7 Countries</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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