Hatay ili biber (Capsicum annuum L.) üretim alanlarında fitoplazma hastalıklarının, potansiyel vektörlerinin ve diğer konukçularının araştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 241 - 252, 01.08.2022

Hakan Çarpar Gülşen Sertkaya

https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1060097

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma 2016-2019 yılları arasında Hatay ili biber alanlarındaki fitoplazma hastalıklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Biber arazileri içerisindeki fitoplazmalara özgü belirtiler gösteren biber (Capsicum annuum), susam (Sesamum indicum), fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum), domates (Solanum lycopersicum), tarla sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis) ve böcek (Cicadellidae spp.) örnekleri toplanmıştır. Ziyaret edilen alanlarda, popülasyon yoğunlukları sıralamasına göre, fitoplazmaların böcek vektörleri olarak Empoasca sp., Cicadulina bipunctata, Psammotettix sp., Balchutha hebe, Euscelidius sp., Anaceratagallia laevis ve Exitianus capicola bulunmuştur. Kontrollü koşullarda yapılan T göz aşısı ile, hastalıklı susam ve fesleğen örneklerinden Cezayir menekşesine (Catharanthus roseus) yapılan aşılamalarda hastalık bulaştırılmıştır. Toplam nükleik asit izolasyonu CTAB metoduna göre yapılmıştır. Direkt ve Nested PCR çalışmalarında sırasıyla R16F1/R16R0 ve R16F2n/R16R2 primer çiftleri kullanılmıştır.

Genel Yorum: Fitoplazma bulunan bazı örneklerde DNA dizisi belirlenmiş ve Genbankası’na yüklenmiştir. Biber, domates, fesleğen, susam ve tarla sarmaşığında ve bazı böcek türlerinde fitoplazma tespit edilmiştir. Genbankası’na yüklenen biber (MT993358), susam (MT994434), domates (MT992754), fesleğen (MT994432), Empoasca sp. (MT994430), Exitianus capicola (MT994433), Euscelidius sp. (MT994431) örneklerinde Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii; tarla sarmaşığı (MT993422) ve domates (MT992796) örneklerinde Candidatus Phytoplasma solani tespit edilmiştir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Mevcut literatür bilgilere göre Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii, fesleğende ve vektör böcek olarak Empoasca sp., Exitianus capicola ve Euscelidius sp.’de ülkemizde ilk kez bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii, Ca. Phytoplasma solani, Exitianus capicola, Euscelidius sp., fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum)

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu tarafından desteklenmiştir

Proje Numarası

15981

Teşekkür

Prof. Dr. Hüseyin BAŞPINAR ve Prof. Dr. İlhan ÜREMİŞ'e teşekkür ederiz.

Investigation on phytoplasma diseases, their potential insect vectors and other hosts in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growing areas of Hatay-Turkey

Öz

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the phytoplasma diseases of pepper plants in Hatay province between 2016 and 2019.

Methods and Results: Samples of pepper (Capsicum annuum), sesame (Sesamum indicum), basil (Ocimum basilicum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) which had typical phytoplasma symptoms and insect (Cicadellidae spp.) samples were collected from the pepper fields. Empoasca sp., Cicadulina bipunctata, Psammotettix sp., Balchutha hebe, Euscelidius sp., Anaceratagallia laevis and Exitianus capicola were found as potential insect vectors of the phytoplasmas as descending order of population densities. T-budding grafting technique was successful for phytoplasma transmission from infected sesame and basil plants to healthy periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) plants in controlled conditions. Phytoplasmas were detected in pepper, tomato, basil, sesame and bindweed and from some insect samples. Total nucleic acid isolation was accomplished by the CTAB method. Direct and Nested PCR were used employing R16F1/R16R0 and R16F2n/R16R2 primer pairs respectively.

Conclusions: DNA of positive samples were sequenced, and uploaded to Genbank, and were identified as Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii on pepper (MT993358), sesame (MT994434), tomato (MT992754), basil (MT994432), Empoasca sp. (MT994430), Exitianus capicola (MT994433), Euscelidius sp. (MT994431); and as Ca. Phytoplasma solani on binweed (MT993422) and tomato (MT992796).

Significance and Impact of the Study: According to our knowledge, this study is the first to identify and upload to Genbank of Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii on basil and Empoasca sp., Exitianus capicola and Euscelidius sp. as insect vectors of the diseases in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii, Ca. Phytoplasma solani, Exitianus capicola, Euscelidius sp., Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Proje Numarası

15981

Kaynakça

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