THE EFFECTS OF DYNAMIC MODELS USED IN SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR ON SMALL SIGNAL STABILITY

Öz

Generators used in multi-machine power systems are very affected by transient situations such as malfunctions and line breaks. In transient situations, the system becomes unstable, and oscillations increase. In particular, order modeling of synchronous generators effectively eliminates transient stability situations. To analyze this in the best way, a small signal stability analysis is performed. This study was carried out in the MATLAB-based Power Systems Analysis Program (PSAT), using the 2nd-order and 5th-order models of the synchronous generator for small signal stability analysis in a 3-machine 9-bus power system. While the 2nd-order model is used as the traditional model in synchronous generators, the 5th-order model has been developed as a dynamic order model. Especially in the 5th-order model, it was developed based on a sub-temporal model for better damping of the system. In the comparisons made in both order models, the real and imaginary values and participation factors are shown in figures, while the eigenvalues, damping percentage, frequency, dominant values, and operating modes are presented in tables. By using both order models in the synchronous generator, the number of eigenvalues of the system was determined. The results obtained showed that the 5th-order model gave better results in small signal stability analysis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Synchronous generator
• Order models
• Small signal stability
• PSAT

SENKRON GENARATÖRDE KULLANILAN DİNAMİK MODELLERİN KÜÇÜK SİNYAL KARARLILIĞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Öz

Çok makineli güç sistemlerinde kullanılan generatörler arıza ve hat kopmaları gibi geçici durumlardan çok etkilenmektedir. Geçici durumlarda, sistem kararsız olmakta ve salınımlar artmaktadır. Özellikle, senkron generatörlerin dinamik modellemesi geçici kararlılık durumlarını etkili bir şekilde ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Bunu en iyi şekilde analiz etmek için küçük sinyal kararlılığı analizi yapılmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışma, 3-makineli 9-baralı güç sisteminde küçük sinyal kararlılığı analizi için senkron generatörün 2. derece ve 5. derece modelleri kullanılarak MATLAB tabanlı olarak çalışan Güç Sistemleri Analizi Programı (PSAT)’da gerçekleştirilmiştir. Senkron generatörlerde 2. derece modeli geleneksel model olarak kullanılırken, 5. derece modeli dinamik derece modeli olarak geliştirilmiştir. Özellikle de 5. derece modelinde sistemin daha iyi sönümlenmesi için alt geçici model tabanlı olarak geliştirilmiştir. Her iki derece modelinde yapılan karşılaştırmalarda gerçek ile sanal değerler ve katılım faktörleri şekiller ile gösterilirken, özdeğerler, sönümleme yüzdesi, frekans, baskın değerler ve çalışma modları tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Her iki derece modelinin senkron generatörde kullanılması ile sistemin özdeğerlerinin sayısı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, küçük sinyal kararlılığı analizinde 5. derece modelinin daha iyi sonuçlar verdiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Senkron generatör
• Derece modeller
• Küçük sinyal kararlılığı
• PSAT

Kaynakça

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