MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL, MICROMORPHOLOGICAL AND SPECTRAL ANALYSES OF QUARTZ SANDSTONES IN NORTHWEST CHAD BASIN, NIGERIA

Öz

Here, we present quartz sandstone samples observed from widely distributed, white-coloured, uncemented units in and around Matsena village located in northwest of Chad Basin, NE Nigeria. The mineralogical, geochemical compositions and micromorphological characteristics of the quartz sandstones were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), stereo microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The spectral distribution of these lithological units was determined by using Landsat 8 OLI and image enhancement techniques. XRD and XRF analyses reveal that the quartz sandstone samples can be characterized as mature-super mature by their high SiO2 contents. General appearances of the quartz grains under SEM show rounded to sub-rounded and to a lesser extent subangular habits with dish-shaped cavities, V-shaped depressions, mature conchoidal fractures and linear grooves, all of which suggest the mechanical impact on quartz grains from aeolian, fluvial-marine and colluvial environments. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Quartz sandstone
• Mineralogy
• Landsat
• Chad Basin
• Nigeria

KUZEYBATI ÇAD HAVZASI, NİJERYA KUVARS KUMTAŞLARININ MİNERALOJİK, JEOKİMYASAL, MİKROMORFOLOJİK VE SPEKTRAL ANALİZLERİ

Öz

Burada, KD Nijerya Çad Havzasının kuzeybatısında yer alan Matsena yerleşimi civarından kuvars kumtaşı örneklerini sunuyoruz. Bu kuvars kumtaşlarının mineralojik, jeokimyasal bileşimi ve mikromorfolojik özellikleri sırasıyla XRD, XRF, stereo mikroskop ve SEM analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Bu litolojik birimlerin alansal dağılımı Landsat 8 OLI ve görüntü iyileştirme teknikleri ile belirlenmiştir. XRD ve XRF analizleri, kuvars kumtaşı örneklerini, yüksek SiO2 içeriğinden dolayı olgun- ileri olgun olarak karakterize edilebileceğini göstermiştir. Kuvars tanelerinin SEM ile genel görünümleri yuvarlaktan yarı yuvarlak ve daha az oranda yarı köşeli morfolojide; çanak şekilli boşluklu, v şeklinde çukurlu, gelişmiş konkoidal çatlaklı ve lineer çizgili morfolojisini gösterir; bunlar da kuvars taneleri üzerinde mekanik etkinin eoliyen, flüvyal-denizel ve kolüvyal ortamlardan geliştiğini önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuvars Kumtaşı
• Mineraloji
• Landsat
• Çad Havzası
• Nijerya

Kaynakça

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