Gevşeme Tekniklerinin Travaydaki Gebelerin Anksiyete Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 282 - 291, 17.09.2018

Burcu Avcıbay Vurgeç , Sultan Alan Şule Gökyıldız Sürücü

https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.437601

Cited By: 1

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma, travayda gebelere uygulanan ağrıyla
doğal baş etme yöntemlerinden gevşeme, pozisyon değişikliği ve solunum
egzersizinin ağrı anksiyetesi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla
deneysel olarak yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma deneysel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. 30 kontrol ve 30 deney olmak üzere 60 gebe
ile çalışılmıştır. Doğum eyleminin başında (latent faz) deney ve kontrol her
iki gruba alınan gebelerle birebir görüşülerek tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve durumluk
anksiyete ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Deney grubunda yer alan gebelere doğum eylemi
ve solunum teknikleri hakkında eğitim verilmiştir. Solunum ve pozisyon
değişikliği yapması ve gevşemesi konusunda gebeler desteklenmiştir. Latent faz
bitmeden deney grubu gebelere durumluk anksiyete ölçeği tekrar uygulanmıştır.
Kontrol grubundaki gebeler doğumhanede yapılan rutin işlemler dahilindeki
izleme bırakılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda verilen
eğitimin etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Gebelere uygulanan ağrı hafifletme
yöntemlerinin gebelerin durumluk kaygı düzeyini düşürdüğü saptanmıştır. Doğum
ağrısını hafifletmek amacıyla solunum egzersizi, gevşeme ve pozisyon
değişikliği gibi yöntemleri kapsayan girişimlerden önce gebelerin kaygı puan
ortalamasının 59.37 iken, eğitim sonrası 
35.70'e düştüğü belirlenmiş, aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bulunmuştur (p<0.005).

Sonuç: Bu yöntemlerle ebelerin, doğuma
hazırlıkları yetersiz olan gebelerin travaydaki kaygılarını azaltabileceği
görülmüştür. Gebelerin doğum konusunda bilgi almaları ve bilgi alınan sağlık
personelinin kaygı düzeyleri üzerine etkili olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebelikte anksiyete, doğum ağrısı, gevşeme teknikleri

The Effects of Relaxation Technics on Anxiety Levels of Pregnants Who Are in Labor

Öz

Purpose: The research has been done experimentally with the aim of evaluating the
impact of natural pain control methods, such as relaxing, changing position and
breathing technics on the pain anxiety, used on mothers who give birth.

Materials and Methods: The
research was designed as an experimentally study. 60 pregnant women were studied by 30 being experiment and 30 being
control groups. . At the beginning of the labor (latent phase) informative
knowledge form and anxiety inventory were applied to one by one conservation
with the pregnant women in experiment and control groups. To the pregnant women
in experiment group education on labor and breathing technics were given during
the labor. Pregnant women were supported for the application of breathing,
changing of position and relaxing. Anxiety inventory were applied again to
pregnant women   in experiment group
before end of the latent phase. The pregnant women in the control group were
observed in the routine of the hospital and supportive midwifery care.

Results: At the end of the research, effectiveness of
the training were evaluated. Methods which applied to pregnant women to
alleviate labor pain has been found to reduce levels of anxiety. It is
determined that while anxiety point average was 59.37 before the natural pain
control methods such as breathing technics, relaxing and changing of position
are applied in order to decrease labour pain of women who has taken part in the
research, anxiety point average has fallen to 35,70  after using the methods and the difference is
found meaningful statistically (p<0.005).

Conclusions: According to these results, it is designated
that in the event of pregnants' preparations being insufficient, the midwife
who help labour, can decrease pregnants anxiety by using these natural pain
control methods. It has seen that pregnants' getting information about giving
birth and the staff that they get information from have impact on the anxiety
levels (p>0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety and pregnancy, pain and labor, relaxation techniques

Kaynakça

• 1. Mamede FV, et al. Pain During The Labor Active Phase: The effect of walking. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2007;15(6):1157-62.
• 2. Baker A, et al. Perceptions of labour pain by mothers and their attending midwives. J Adv Nurs 2001;35(2):171-179.
• 3. Lally JE, et al. More in hope than expectation: a systematic review of women's expectations and experience of pain relief in labour, BMC Med 2008;6:7.
• 4. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI ). Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, 1970.
• 5. Oner N, LeCompte A. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Hand Book. Istanbul: Bogazici University Publisher,1982. [In Turkish].
• 6. Gibbins J, Thomson AM. Women's expectations and experiences of childbirth. Midwifery 2001;17:302-313.
• 7. Field T. Pregnancy and labor alternative therapy research. Altern Ther Health Med 2008; 14(5):28-34.
• 8. Allaire A. Complementary and alternative medicine in the labor and delivery suite. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2001;44(4):681-691.
• 9. Gentz BA. Alternative therapies for the management of pain in labor and delivery. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2001;44(4):704-732.
• 10. Smith CA, Collins CT, Cyna AM, Crowther CA. Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;18(4): CD003521.
• 11. Tournaire M, Theau-Yonneau A. Complementary and alternative approaches to pain relief during labor. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2007;4(4):409-417. 12. Chang MY, Wang SY, Chen CY. Effects of massage on pain and anxiety during labor: a randomized controlled trial in Taiwan. J Advan Nurs 2002;38(1): 68-73. 13. Ozturk, H., Studying the effect of ice-massage applied to hands of pregnant women to reduce the perceived labor pains. (Dissertation). Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey, 2006. [In Turkish].
• 14. Hackfort D, Spielberger CD. Anxiety in Sports: an International Perspective, Taylor & Francis, 1990.
• 15. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, “2013 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)”. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.R. Ministry of Development and TÜBİTAK, Ankara, Turkey, 2014.
• 16. Ozer GH, Evaluating the impact of natural pain control methods, such as relaxing, touching and breathing exercises on the pain anxiety, used on mothers who give birth. (Dissertation). Mersin University Institute of Health Sciences, Mersin, Turkey, 2004. [In Turkish]
• 17. Keles MO. Anxiety in unwanted pregnancy. Medical Bulletin of Haseki 2000;38(3):221-225. [In Turkish]
• 18. Genez D. Anxiety level in pregnant women. (Dissertation). On Dokuz Mayıs University Institute of Social Sciences, Samsun, Turkey, 2002. [In Turkish]
• 19. Yildirim G. The effects of breathing and tactile stimulation techniques on pain perception of pregnant women during labor. (Dissertation). Istanbul University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey, 2001. [In Turkish]
• 20. Albers LL. The evidence for physiologic management of the active phase of the first stage of labor. J Midwifery Womens Health 2007;52(3):207-15.
• 21. Asti N, Yildiz A. The effects of therapeutic touch on pain perception and anxiety of pregnant in travay room. 3. Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Congress Book, Istanbul, 1994. p. 265-271. [In Turkish].
• 22. Cheung W, Ip WY, Chan D. Maternal anxiety and feelings of control during labour: A study of Chinese first-time pregnant women. Midwifery 2007;23(2):123-130.
• 23. Ramnero A, Hanson U, Kihlgen M. Acupuncture treatment during labour-a randomised controlled trial. J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;109(6):637-644.