The Effect of Leonardite as Feed Additive on Growth of Goldfish (Carassius auratus L.)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 184 - 191, 27.11.2020

Funda Turan Mehmet Turgut

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.832994

Cited By: 2

Öz

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Leonardite supplementation on goldfish, Carassius auratus growth performance and survival rate. The Goldfish (mean body weight 4.77±0.43 g) were fed with experimental diets prepared with Leonardite supplementation (0, 2.5 and 5 g kg-1) for 55 days. The weight gain (3.633±0.192 g), FCR (0.830±0.04), SGR (1.003±0.077) and PER (4.325±0.228) were observed higher in goldfish fed with 5 g kg-1 leonardite than fed with 2.5 g kg-1 leonardite and control groups significantly (P<0.01). Survival at the end of the experiment was high (about 84.44-77.77%) and no significant differences were noted among treatment groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, leonardite inclusion in the diet at 5 g kg-1 was shown to have a positive effect on goldfish growth. This suggests that leonardite can be considered as a new feed additive, which improves goldfish’s growth performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Goldfish, Carassius auratus, Leonardite, Feed Additive

Kaynakça

• Abdel-Mageed M. (2012). Effect of using organic acids on performance of japanese quail fed optimal and sub-optimal energy and protein levels 2. Butyric acid. Egyptian Journal of Poultry Science, 32, 625-644.
• Aeschbacher, M., Graf, C., Schwarzenbach, R. & Sander, M. (2012). Antioxidant properties of humic substances. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 4916-4925.
• Aksu, T. & Bozkurt, A. (2009). Effect of dietary essential oils and/or humic acids on broiler performance, microbial population of intestinal content and antibody titres in the summer season. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi 15, 185-190.
• AOAC (1990) Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Viginia, USA.1298 pp.
• Arif, M., Rehman, A., Saeed, M., Abd El-Hack, M.E., Arain, M.A., Haseebarshad, M., Zakria, H.M. & Abbasi, I.H. (2016). Impacts of dietary humic acid supplementation on growth performance, some blood metabolites and carcass traits of broiler chicks. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 86, 1073-1078.
• Ceylan, N., Ciftci, I., & Ilhan, Z. (2003). The effects of some alternative feed additives for antibiotic growth promoters on the performance and gut microflora of broiler chicks. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 27,727-733.
• Chen, Y., Katan, J., Gamliel, A., Aviad, T., & Schnitzer, M. (2000). Involvement of soluble organic matter in increased plant growth in solarized soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 32(1), 28-34.
• Costa, S. T. D., Sutili, F. J., Gressler, L. T., Loebens, L., Colpo, C. V., Lazzari, R., & Baldisserotto, B. (2016). Growth of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to acidic pH at different humic acid levels. Ciência Rural, 46(6), 1094-1099.
• Degirmencioglu T. (2014). Using Humic Acid in diets for dairy goats. Animal Science Papers and 310 Reports, 32 (1), 25-32.
• Gao, Y., He, J., He, Z., Li, Z., Zhao, B., Mu, Y. & Chu, Z. (2017). Effects of fulvic acid on growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus (Sauvage). Fish & shellfish immunology, 62, 47-56.
• Islam, K., Schuhmacher, A. & Gropp, J. (2005). Humic acid substances in animal agriculture, Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 4,126-134.
• Kaevska, M., Lorencova, A., Videnska, P., Sedlar, K., Provaznik, I. & Trckova, M. (2016). Effect of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on faecal microbiota composition in weaned piglets. Veterinarni Medicina, 61, 328-336.
• Kocabagli, N., Alp, M., Acar, N. & Kahraman, R. (2002). The effects of dietary humate supplementation on broiler growth and carcass yield. Poultry Science, 81,227-230.
• Lee, K.J., Dabrowski, K., Rinchard, J., Gomez, C., Guz, L. & Vilchez, C. (2004). Supplementation of maca (Lepidium meyenii) tuber meal in diets improves growth rate and survival of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) alevins and juveniles. Aquaculture Research, 35(3), 215-223.
• Matsuo, AYO. & Val, AL. (2007). Acclimation to humic substances prevent whole body sodium loss and stimulates branchial calcium uptake capacity in cardinal tetras Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz) subjected to extremely low pH. Journal of Fish Biology, 70, 989-1000.
• Rasidi, R., Jusadi, D., Setiawati, M., Yuhana, M., Zairin Jr, M., & Sugama, K. (2019). Response to Humic Acid Addition Into Feeds with Heavy Metal Content Made of Green Mussels on Growth of Asian Seabass. Biotropia, 26(3), 272121.
• Rath, NC., Richards, MP., Huff, WE., Huff, GR. & Balog, JM. (2005). Changes in the tibial growth plates of chickens with thiram-induced dyschondroplasia. The Journal of Comparative Pathology, 133,41-52.
• Schepetkin, I.A., Khlebnikov, A.I., Ah, S.Y., Woo, S.B., Jeong, C.S., Klubachuk, O.N. & Kwon, BS. (2003). Characterization and biological activities of humic substances from mumie. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51, 5245– 5254.
• Sharaf, M.M. & Tag, H.M. (2011). Growth performance, gill, liver and kidney histomorphology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings fed humic acid supplemented diets. The Egyptian Journal of Experimental Biology (Zoology), 7(2), 285-294.
• Taklimi, S.M., Ghahri, H. & Isakan, MA. (2012). Influence of different levels of humic acid and esterified glucomannan on growth performance and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Journal of Agricultural Science, 3,663-668.
• Trckova, M., Lorencova, A., Hazova, K. & Zajacova, Z. (2015). Prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets by zinc oxide and sodium humate. Veterinarni Medicina 60, 351–360.
• Trckova, M., Lorencova, A., Babak, V., Neca, J. & Ciganek, M. (2017). Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets. Veterinární medicína 62 (1), 16-28.
• Wang, Q., Chen, Y., Yoo, J., Kim, H., Cho, J. & Kim, I. (2008). Effects of supplemental humic substances on growth performance, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. Livestock Science, 117, 270-274.
• Wood, C.M., Matsuo, A.Y., Wilson, R.W., Gonzalez, R.J., Patrick, M.L., Playle, R.C. & Luis Val, A. (2003). Protection by natural blackwater against disturbances in ion fluxes caused by low pH exposure in freshwater stingray’s endemic to the Rio Negro. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 76(1), 12-27.
• Yamin, G., Falk, R., Avtalion, R. R., Shoshana, N., Ofek, T., Smirnov, R. & Van Rijn, J. (2017). The protective effect of humic‐rich substances on atypical Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Journal of fish diseases, 40(12), 1783-1790.
• Yılmaz, S., Ergun, S., Çelik, E. Ş., & Yigit, M. (2018). Effects of dietary humic acid on growth performance, haemato‐immunological and physiological responses and resistance of Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss to Yersinia ruckeri. Aquaculture Research, 49(10), 3338-3349.