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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
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<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>nsj-isi</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>DCE Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">3108-7957</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Karabük Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Material Characterization</subject>
                                                            <subject>Materials Engineering (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Malzeme Karekterizasyonu</subject>
                                                            <subject>Malzeme Mühendisliği (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Yerli ve İthal Peletlerin Yüzey, Mikro Yapı, Fiziksel ve Metalurjik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Investigation of Surface, Microstructural, Physical and Metallurgical Properties of Domestic and Imported Pellets</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2684-8646</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Atalay</surname>
                                    <given-names>Neslihan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KARABUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1546-875X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Meydaneri Tezel</surname>
                                    <given-names>Fatma</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KARABUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20251231">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>6</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>77</fpage>
                                        <lpage>86</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251007">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>07</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20251229">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>29</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2025, DCE Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>DCE Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Düşük kaliteli demir cevherleri (&amp;gt; %50 Fe içeriği) öncelikle yüksek fırında kullanılabilir hale getirmek için zenginleştirilir. Zenginleştirme sonrası en yaygın kullanılan aglomerasyon yöntemi peletlemedir. Bu çalışmada, üç farklı pelet türünün (biri yerli, ikisi ithal) yapısal, yüzey, fiziksel ve metalurjik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Peletlerin yüzey morfolojileri, element ve bileşik analizi SEM, EDX, XRF ve XRD cihazları ile yapılmıştır. Peletlerin boyutu farklı boyutlardaki elekler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Peletlerin nem içeriği hesaplanmıştır. Peletlerin yük altında azalmasının belirlenmesi için RUL testi yapılmıştır. Peletlerin aşınma indeksi ve parçalanma indeksi tambur testi ile gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, peletlerin serbest şişme indeksi ve azalma-parçalanma indeksi belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda, Kardemir A.Ş. tarafından sağlanan üç farklı peletin özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, peletlerin gözeneklilik miktarı ve faz dönüşümlerindeki farklılıkları incelemek için numunelere ısıl işlem uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, yerli peletin ithal peletlere göre daha iyi kimyasal içeriğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ancak, yerli peletin yüksek fırında ayrı olarak kullanılabilmesi için metalurjik özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Low-grade iron ores (&amp;gt; 50% Fe content) are primarily enriched in order to make these ores available at the blast furnace. The most widely used method of agglomeration after enrichment is pelletizing. In this study, structural, surface, physical and metallurgical properties of three different pellet types (one domestic and two imported) have been determined. The surface morphologies, element and compound analysis of pellets were performed with SEM, XRF and XRD devices. Size of pellets were determined by using different size of sieves. Moisture contents of pellets were calculated. RUL test was done for determination of reduction of pellets at under load. Abrasion index and disintegration index of pellets were observed with tumbler test. Furthermore, free swelling index and reduction-disintegration index of pellets were determined. At the end of the research, properties of three different pellets provided by Kardemir A.Ş. were compared. Also, heat treatment was applied to samples for investigating variance of porosity quantity and phase transforms of pellets. The results concluded that domestic pellet has better chemical content than imported pellets. However, metallurgical properties of domestic pellet should be developed to use domestic pellet in blast furnace separately.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Iron Ore Pellet</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Iron Oxide Reduction</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Iron Ore Agglomeration</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Porosity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Blast Furnace</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Swelling</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Demir Cevheri Pelet</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Demir Oksit İndirgeme</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Demir Cevheri Aglomerizasyonu</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Gözeneklilik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yüksek Fırın</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Şişme</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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    </article>
