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                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>yok</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>OLBA</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1301-7667</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2687-6558</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Mersin Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>LAODİKEİA’DA BULUNAN AMPULLALAR</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Şimşek</surname>
                                    <given-names>Celal</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi,  Arkeoloji Bölümü, Denizli-TÜRKİYE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Duman</surname>
                                    <given-names>Bahadır</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi,  Arkeoloji Bölümü, Denizli-TÜRKİYE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20070501">
                    <day>05</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2007</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>15</issue>
                                        <fpage>73</fpage>
                                        <lpage>102</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1998, OLBA</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1998</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>OLBA</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Bu makalede 2002 yılından bu yana Laodikeia’da sürdürülen kazı çalışmalarında ele geçen ampullalar değerlendirilmiştir. Pişmiş topraktan seri üretime yönelik olarak kalıpta yapılan ampullalar yoğun olarak Batı Anadolu’da bulunmasına rağmen, tüm Akdeniz Havzası’nda karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İçlerine kutsal su ya da yağ gibi sıvılar doldurulan ampullalar, büyük olasılıkla hacı olmak üzere kutsal topraklara gidenler tarafından, memleketlerine dönüşte hatıra olarak alınan küçük şişeciklerdir. Bunlar, ince ağız kenarlı, kısa- silindirik boyunlu, yassılaştırılmış oval matara gövdeli bir forma sahiptirler. Gövde üstünde omuz kısmında iki yanda açılan ip delikleri, ampullaların boyunda taşınması için yapılmış olmalıdır.Günümüzde de Müslümanlar hac dönüşünde bu modern ampullaları ziyaretlerine gelenlere hediye olarak verirler. Diğer taraftan bunların içine konan “hacı misi” yağı ya da “kokusu” hala kullanılmaktadır.Laodikeia’da bulunan ampullalar boyutları, formları ve üzerlerindeki betimlemeleri göz önüne alınarak iki farklı grup altında değerlendirilmiştir. Tip 1 olarak adlandırılan büyük boyutlu örneklerin her iki yüzünde Hıristiyanlıkla ilgili çeşitli figürler yer alır ve bu gruptaki ampullalar kazı alanında bulunan sikkelerle desteklenerek M.S. 4. yy. sonu ile 5.yy. sonuna tarihlenmiştir. Tip 2 daha küçük boyutludur. Üzerlerinde daha çok haç, palmet ve rozet gibi süslemeler yer alan bu örnekler M.S. 6. yy.’ın başı ile 7. yy. başları arasına tarihlenebilir.Günümüze kadar olan süreçte yayımlanan örnekler göz önüne alındığında ampullaların üretim merkezi olarak çok çeşitli yerler önerilmiştir. Ancak özellikle Batı Anadolu’daki buluntu yoğunluğu dikkate alındığında üretimin bu bölge içinde yoğunlaştığı ve büyük olasılıkla da kutsal sayılan kent ya da bölgelerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılama doğrultusunda üretimlerinin yapıldığı söylenebilir. Bunun yanında diğerlerine oranla daha geniş kitlelerin hacı olmak üzere gittiği Abu Mena gibi merkezlerde hem ampullaların üzerine yapılan konuların seçimi hem de formlardaki küçük değişiklikler açısından yerel üretimin yapıldığı da görülmektedir</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In this article we will evaluate the ampullae that have been found at the excavations of Laodikeia since 2002. Despite the widespread existence of massproduced, mould-made terra cotta ampullae in western Anatolia, it is possible to encounter various types of ampullae in the Mediterranean basin. Ampullae, filled with sacred water or oil, were purchased as souvenirs by the pilgrims who journeyed to the Holy Land. Such ampullae have a distinctive form with a thin rim, short cylindrical neck, flattened oviform like a flask, and two pierced handles on the shoulders.In our time, there is a similar tradition for Muslims. Muslim pilgrims obtain a kind of sacred essence; and when they return to their country, it is given to their guests as a gift. The ampullae found in Laodiceia have been evaluated in two groups according to their forms, dimensions and representations. The first group is larger than the other and named Type 1. It has representations related to Christianity on both sides. Ampullae in this group are dated from the end of the 4th century A.D. to the end of the 5th century A.D. by the support of coins found with them. Type 2 ampullae generally have symbolic ornaments such as a cross, palmette and rosette. This group has been dated between the beginning of the 6th century A.D. and the beginning of 7th century A.D. Taking into consideration other published examples, many places have been proposed as the production centers of these wares. But when the widespread finds in western Anatolia are taken into account, it is possible to say that the heavy production made in this region was intended to cover the needs of its sacred cities or regions. Besides, local production can be seen in the pilgrimage places visited by more people in proportion to the other cities, such as Abu-Mena.These local productions have few differences both in their form sand selection of subjects</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Ampulla</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Hac</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Hıristiyanlık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Laodikeia</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Kutsal Kitap</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Ampulla</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Pilgrimage</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Christianity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Laodikeia</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Holy Bible</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
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