Treatment and outcomes of upper extremity metastases

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of bone metastases increases in direct proportion to the incidence of cancer. Upper extremity metastases are also a serious surgical problem. It is very important to publish experiences on this subject. Method: Treatment results of 80 patients with upper extremity metastases were collected retrospectively. Results: 47 (58.75%) of the patients were male and 33 (41.25%) were female. The most common location for metastasis was the humerus and the most common surgical treatment was intramedullary nailing. Non-surgical treatments were used in 24 (30%) patients. Conclusion: Considering the magnitude of functional losses and the difficulty of surgical options, it is important to collect and evaluate the surgical approaches of upper extremity metastases.

Keywords

• Bone Metastase
• Upper Extremity
• Humerus Intramedullar Nailin

References

1. Michael H-H, Tsai Y-Y, Hoffe SE. Overview of Diagnosis and Management of Metastatic Disease to Bone. Cancer Control. 2012;19(2):84–91.
2. Benevenia J, Kirchner R, Patterson F, Beebe K, Wirtz DC, Rivero S, et al. Outcomes of a Modular Intercalary Endoprosthesis as Treatment for Segmental Defects of the Femur, Tibia, and Humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015/10/18 ed. 2016 Feb;474(2):539–48.
3. Topkar OM, Erol B. Clinical outcomes and complications of surgical interventions for multiple myeloma lesions in the extremities and pelvis: A retrospective clinical study. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2021/04/14 ed. 2021 Mar;55(2):159–65.
4. Clézardin P, Coleman R, Puppo M, Ottewell P, Bonnelye E, Paycha F, et al. Bone metastasis: mechanisms, therapies, and biomarkers. Physiol Rev. 2021;101(3):797–855.
5. kılıçoğlu önder. An Algorithmic Approach for the Surgical Treatment of Bone Metastases. Turk J Oncol. 2021;
6. Ehne J, Tsagozis P. Current concepts in the surgical treatment of skeletal metastases. World J Orthop. 2020;11(7):319–27.
7. Onken JS, Fekonja LS, Wehowsky R, Hubertus V, Vajkoczy P. Metastatic dissemination patterns of different primary tumors to the spine and other bones. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2019/08/20 ed. 2019 Dec;36(6):493–8.
8. Tsukamoto S, Kido A, Tanaka Y, Facchini G, Peta G, Rossi G, et al. Current Overview of Treatment for Metastatic Bone Disease. Curr Oncol. 2021/10/01 ed. 2021 Aug 29;28(5):3347–72.

9. Toci GR, Bressner JA, Morris CD, Fayad L, Levin AS. Can a Novel Scoring System Improve on the Mirels Score in Predicting the Fracture Risk in Patients with Multiple Myeloma? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2020/05/19 ed. 2021 Mar 1;479(3):521–30.
10. Bonnevialle P, Baron-Trocellier T, Niglis L, Ghazi A, Descamps J, Lebaron M, et al. Functional results and survival after surgery for peripheral skeletal metastasis: A 434-case multicenter retrospective series. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2020/04/11 ed. 2020 Oct;106(6):997–1003.
11. Fornetti J, Welm AL, Stewart SA. Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis. J Bone Min Res. 2018/11/27 ed. 2018 Dec;33(12):2099–113.
12. Szendroi M, Antal I, Szendroi A, Lazary A, Varga PP. Diagnostic algorithm, prognostic factors and surgical treatment of metastatic cancer diseases of the long bones and spine. EFORT Open Rev. 2017/10/27 ed. 2017 Sep;2(9):372–81.
13. Eckardt JJ, Kabo JM, Kelly CM, Ward WG Sr, Cannon CP. Endoprosthetic reconstructions for bone metastases. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003/11/06 ed. 2003 Oct;(415 Suppl):S254-62.
14. Raiss P, Edwards TB, Deutsch A, Shah A, Bruckner T, Loew M, et al. Radiographic changes around humeral components in shoulder arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 2014/04/04 ed. 2014 Apr 2;96(7):e54.