Evaluation of dental anomalies in a group of Turkish children: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract

Developmental dental anomalies occur as a result of changes in tooth shape, size, number, and position due to genetic, epigenetic, or environmental factors during tooth development. This study aims to evaluate the presence and distribution of dental anomalies in a group of Turkish children in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey. In this retrospective study, children aged between 6-15 years who applied to Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Clinic for various dental problems between 2015 and 2024 were included. The data of 2034 children, whose panoramic radiographs were taken after clinical examination and dental anomalies were detected were analyzed retrospectively. Dental anomalies were categorized under headings such as number, position, size, shape, and structure anomalies. Differences between categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test. Dental anomalies were detected in 4216 teeth of 1982 children (53.7% girls, 46.3% boys) with a mean age of 9.3 ± 2.5 years. The most common type of anomaly was number anomalies (61.1%), followed by structure anomalies (19.2%). When the distribution of dental anomalies between genders was analyzed, the frequency of dental anomalies in girls (55.7%) was found to be statistically significantly higher (p<0.05). When the distribution between maxilla and mandible was examined, it was found that the incidence in the maxilla (52.8%) was statistically significantly higher than in the mandible (p<0.001). Hypodontia was the most frequently observed anomaly in a group of Turkish children living in the central black sea region and 14 different types of anomalies were found. Early detection of dental anomalies by dentists during diagnosis and treatment planning is crucial for preventing potential dental problems in later years and reducing the need for comprehensive treatments.

Keywords

• Tooth Abnormalities
• pediatric dentistry
• hypodontia
• child

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