How surgical technique influences maternal and neonatal outcomes in elective cesarean sections?

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of different surgical techniques on maternal and neonatal outcomes in elective cesarean sections, addressing the need for optimized methods amid the global rise in cesarean deliveries. Conducted at Ordu University Faculty of Medicine, the research involved 200 patients divided into four groups based on surgical techniques: cranio-caudal vs. transverse uterine incision extensions and intra-abdominal vs. extra-abdominal suturing. Emergency cesareans and cases with specific medical conditions were excluded, and all procedures were performed by a single surgeon to ensure consistency.Key findings reveal that cranio-caudal incision extension and intra-abdominal suturing significantly reduce operative time and postoperative pain, leading to faster recovery without compromising neonatal outcomes. These techniques also resulted in quicker bowel function recovery and required fewer additional sutures compared to transverse incisions. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in postoperative hemoglobin levels, neonatal Apgar scores, or birth weights among the groups. However, intra-abdominal suturing was associated with shorter operation times and lower pain scores, making it a preferable option.The study concludes that adopting cranio-caudal incision extension and intra-abdominal suturing can enhance operative efficiency and patient recovery in cesarean deliveries. Further research is recommended to confirm the optimal surgical approach with minimal morbidity and mortality. This research contributes to refining cesarean section techniques, potentially setting a new standard for clinical practice.

Keywords

• cesarean section
• birth
• pain
• maternal health

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