Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway

Gülşah Evyapan; Berna Özdem

Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide, and despite advances in treatment modalities, there remains a critical need for more effective therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer properties of Gum Arabic, a natural bioactive compound, on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The impact of Gum Arabic on cellular viability was assessed using an MTS assay, while its effect on long-term proliferative potential was evaluated via a colony formation assay. To determine the mode of cell death, caspase-3/7 activity assays and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining were employed. Additionally, Western blotting was conducted to analyze changes in the expression of key apoptotic proteins. The results revealed that treatment with Gum Arabic led to a dose-dependent reduction in both cell viability and colony formation ability. Moreover, apoptosis was significantly induced in the treated cells. At the molecular level, Gum Arabic administration resulted in a pronounced downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2, along with upregulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2-associated X and caspase-9. These findings demonstrate that Gum Arabic not only suppresses proliferation but also promotes programmed cell death in breast cancer cells through modulation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways. In conclusion, this study provides preclinical evidence supporting the potential of Gum Arabic as a promising therapeutic candidate for breast cancer treatment, warranting further investigation in advanced models and clinical settings.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Cancer Cell Biology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Gülşah Evyapan ^*
0000-0001-9870-4783
Türkiye

Berna Özdem
0000-0002-4481-2866
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 1, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 42 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Evyapan, G., & Özdem, B. (2025). Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, 42(3), 314-318. https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM

AMA

1.Evyapan G, Özdem B. Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2025;42(3):314-318. https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM

Chicago

Evyapan, Gülşah, and Berna Özdem. 2025. “Gum Arabic Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via the Bcl-2 Bax Caspase-9 Caspase-3 7 Signaling Pathway”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42 (3): 314-18. https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM.

EndNote

Evyapan G, Özdem B (September 1, 2025) Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42 3 314–318.

IEEE

[1]G. Evyapan and B. Özdem, “Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 314–318, Sept. 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM

ISNAD

Evyapan, Gülşah - Özdem, Berna. “Gum Arabic Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via the Bcl-2 Bax Caspase-9 Caspase-3 7 Signaling Pathway”. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42/3 (September 1, 2025): 314-318. https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM.

JAMA

1.Evyapan G, Özdem B. Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2025;42:314–318.

MLA

Evyapan, Gülşah, and Berna Özdem. “Gum Arabic Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via the Bcl-2 Bax Caspase-9 Caspase-3 7 Signaling Pathway”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, vol. 42, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 314-8, https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM.

Vancouver

1.Gülşah Evyapan, Berna Özdem. Gum Arabic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/7 signaling pathway. J. Exp. Clin. Med. [Internet]. 2025 Sep. 1;42(3):314-8. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA45PK74CM