Year 2009,
Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 148 - 152, 30.12.2010
Mustafa Saygın
,
Mustafa Nazıroğlu
,
Sadettin Çalışkan
References
- Arsiero, M., Lüscher, H.R., Giugliano M., 2007. Real-time closed-loop electrophysiology: towards new frontiers in in vitro investigations in the neurosciences. Arch. Ital. Biol.145, 3-4, 193-209.
- Bal R., Baydas G., Naziroglu M., 2009. Electrophysiological properties of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons of the dog. Hear. Res. 256, 93-103.
- Bernstein, J., 1902. Untersuchungen zur Thermodynamik der bioelektrischen Ströme. Erster Theil Pflügers Arch. 92, 521–562.
- Cole, K., Curtis H., 1939. Electrical impedance of the squid giant axon during activity. J. Gen. Physiol. 22, 649-670.
- Curtis, H., Cole, C., 1940. Membrane action potentials from the squid giant axon. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 15, 147-152.
- Curtis, H., Cole, K., 1942. Membrane resting and action potentials from the squid giant axon. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 19, 135-144.
- Hamill, O., Marty, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B. Sigworth, F. 1981. Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches. Pflügers Arch. 391, 85-100.
- Hodgkin, A., 1937. Evidence for electrical transmission in nerve. Part I and II. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 90, 183-210, 211- 232.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A., 1939. Action potentials recorded from inside a nerve fibre. Nature (Lond.) 144, 710-711.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A., Katz, B. 1952. Measurements of current-voltage relations in the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 116, 424-448.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A. 1952. Currents carried by sodium and potassium ions through the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 116, 449-472.
- Hodgkin, A. Huxley, A. 1952. A quantitative description of membrane current an its application to conduction and exci- tation in nerve. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 117, 500-544.
- Nazıroğlu, M., Lückhoff, A, Jungling E., 2007. Antagonist effect of flufenamic acid on TRPM2 cation channels activated by hydrogen peroxide. Cell Biochem. Funct. 25: 383-387.
- Nazıroğlu, M., 2007. New molecular mechanisms on the activation of TRPM2 channels by oxidative stress and ADP- ribose. Neurochemi. Res. 32, 1990-2001. Review.
- Nazıroğlu, M, Lückhoff A., 2007. A calcium influx pathway regulated separately by oxidative stress and ADP- ribose in TRPM2 channels: Single channel events. Neurochemi.Res. 2008b, 33, 1256-1262.
- Nazıroğlu, M, Lückhoff A., 2008. Effects of antioxidants on calcium influx through TRPM2 channels in transfected cells activated by hydrogen peroxide. J. Neurol. Sci. 270, 152-158.
- Nilius, B., 2003. Pflügers Archiv and the advent of modern electrophysiology. From the first action potential to patch clamp. Pflugers Arch. 447, 267–271.
- Sakmann, B., Neher, E., 1983.Single channel recording. Plenum, New York.
- Sigworth, F., 1980. The variance of sodium current fluctuations at the node of Ranvier. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 307, 97-129.
- Sigworth, F., Neher, E., 1980. Single Na+ currents observed in cultured rat muscle fibres. Nature (Lond.) 287, 447-449.
- Teisseyre, A. 2001, The Patch-Clamp technique and ıts application in investigations of the preoperties of human T lymphocyte potassium channel. Cellular & Molecular Biology. 6, 93 –105.
Patch-Clamp’ın Elektrofizyololojik Uygulamalarında Son Gelişmeler
Year 2009,
Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 148 - 152, 30.12.2010
Mustafa Saygın
,
Mustafa Nazıroğlu
,
Sadettin Çalışkan
Abstract
Patch-clamp (yama-menteşe) yöntemi, voltaj kenetleme tekniğinin geliştirilmiş bir uygulanışı olup, pipet içerisindeki elektrot vasıtası ile hücrelerdeki voltaj değişikliklerini ölçme esasına dayalıdır. 1- Hücre üzerinde 2- Tüm Hücre Kaydı 3- Dışı Dışarıda 4- İçi dışarıda olmak üzere başlıca dört çeşit kayıt alma tekniği vardır. Seçici olmayan transient receptor potential (TRP) katyon kanalları son 11 yıl içerisinde keşfedilmişlerdir. TRP kanallarının başlıca 6 familyası vardır. Bunların da kendi aralarında alt grupları vardır. Örneğin, beyin ve nöron hücrelerinde daha ziyade bulunan TRP Melastatindir. TRPM kanallarının dört alt grubu vardır. Bu kanalların aktivasyon mekanizmaları ve bulundukları organlar farklıdır. Özellikle oksidatif stres ürünleriyle aktive olabildiğinden TRPM2 kanalları ile ilgilenmekteyiz. Oksidatif stres artışı ve antioksidan sistemin zayıfladığı durumlarda DNA tahribi ve NAD den PARP ve sonrasında PARG aktivasyonları ile ADP-Riboz (ADPR) oluşumu artmaktadır. Hem ADPR ve NAD hem de oksidatif stres ürünlerinden olan H2O2 nin TRPM2 kanallarını aktive ettiğine dair bildirimler mevcuttur. Fakat bu kanalların oksidatif stres ve ADPR ile doğrudan veya dolaylı aktive olduğuna dair zıt bildirimler mevcuttur. Günümüzde TRPM2 kanallarını doğrudan bloke eden kimyasal veya ilaç mevcut değildir.
References
- Arsiero, M., Lüscher, H.R., Giugliano M., 2007. Real-time closed-loop electrophysiology: towards new frontiers in in vitro investigations in the neurosciences. Arch. Ital. Biol.145, 3-4, 193-209.
- Bal R., Baydas G., Naziroglu M., 2009. Electrophysiological properties of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons of the dog. Hear. Res. 256, 93-103.
- Bernstein, J., 1902. Untersuchungen zur Thermodynamik der bioelektrischen Ströme. Erster Theil Pflügers Arch. 92, 521–562.
- Cole, K., Curtis H., 1939. Electrical impedance of the squid giant axon during activity. J. Gen. Physiol. 22, 649-670.
- Curtis, H., Cole, C., 1940. Membrane action potentials from the squid giant axon. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 15, 147-152.
- Curtis, H., Cole, K., 1942. Membrane resting and action potentials from the squid giant axon. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 19, 135-144.
- Hamill, O., Marty, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B. Sigworth, F. 1981. Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches. Pflügers Arch. 391, 85-100.
- Hodgkin, A., 1937. Evidence for electrical transmission in nerve. Part I and II. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 90, 183-210, 211- 232.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A., 1939. Action potentials recorded from inside a nerve fibre. Nature (Lond.) 144, 710-711.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A., Katz, B. 1952. Measurements of current-voltage relations in the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 116, 424-448.
- Hodgkin, A., Huxley, A. 1952. Currents carried by sodium and potassium ions through the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 116, 449-472.
- Hodgkin, A. Huxley, A. 1952. A quantitative description of membrane current an its application to conduction and exci- tation in nerve. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 117, 500-544.
- Nazıroğlu, M., Lückhoff, A, Jungling E., 2007. Antagonist effect of flufenamic acid on TRPM2 cation channels activated by hydrogen peroxide. Cell Biochem. Funct. 25: 383-387.
- Nazıroğlu, M., 2007. New molecular mechanisms on the activation of TRPM2 channels by oxidative stress and ADP- ribose. Neurochemi. Res. 32, 1990-2001. Review.
- Nazıroğlu, M, Lückhoff A., 2007. A calcium influx pathway regulated separately by oxidative stress and ADP- ribose in TRPM2 channels: Single channel events. Neurochemi.Res. 2008b, 33, 1256-1262.
- Nazıroğlu, M, Lückhoff A., 2008. Effects of antioxidants on calcium influx through TRPM2 channels in transfected cells activated by hydrogen peroxide. J. Neurol. Sci. 270, 152-158.
- Nilius, B., 2003. Pflügers Archiv and the advent of modern electrophysiology. From the first action potential to patch clamp. Pflugers Arch. 447, 267–271.
- Sakmann, B., Neher, E., 1983.Single channel recording. Plenum, New York.
- Sigworth, F., 1980. The variance of sodium current fluctuations at the node of Ranvier. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 307, 97-129.
- Sigworth, F., Neher, E., 1980. Single Na+ currents observed in cultured rat muscle fibres. Nature (Lond.) 287, 447-449.
- Teisseyre, A. 2001, The Patch-Clamp technique and ıts application in investigations of the preoperties of human T lymphocyte potassium channel. Cellular & Molecular Biology. 6, 93 –105.