Approach to thyroid nodules

Year 2012, Volume: 29 Issue: 4S, 315 - 320, 07.05.2013

Elif Kılıç Kan Ramis Çolak

https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.29.s4.019

Abstract

Nodular thyroid disease is a common endocrinopathy that prevalence varies according to the iodine uptake. Nodular goiter becomes more prevalent in both gender as the age increases. When patient with a thyroid nodule is seen compression symptoms, thyroid function and malign benign separation are the first investigations that should be performed. The next step should be the evaluation of the nodule to decide whether surgery or medical treatment is required. After clinical evaluation of a patient with a thyroid nodule, serum TSH measurement and ultrasonographic evaluation are the first investigations that should be performed. Cytological examination of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens has been proved to be the most efficient and specific method of diagnosing thyroid cancer preoperatively.

Keywords

Nodular goiter, Thyroid nodule, Fine-needle aspiration biopsy, Iodine, Thyroid neoplasm, Goiter

Tiroit nodüllerine yaklaşım

Abstract

Nodüler tiroit hastalığı sık görülen endokrinolojik bir hastalık olup prevalansı iyot alımına göre önemli ölçüde değişmektedir. Her iki cinsiyette de yaş ile birlikte nodüler guatr prevalansında artış saptanmıştır. Tiroit nodülü ile karşılaşıldığında ilk yapılması gereken malign-benign ayırımı, sonrasında kompresyon belirtileri, tiroit fonksiyonlarının değerlendirilmesi ve cerrahi gereken nodül ile medikal tedavi gereken nodül ayırımını yapmak olmalıdır. Klinik değerlendirme sonrasındaki ilk değerlendirme serum TSH ölçümü ve ultrasonografik inceleme olmalıdır. Preopeartif olarak tiroit kanserinin teşhisinde Tiroit ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi sitolojik incelemesinin en etkili ve spesifik metod olduğu ispatlanmıştır.

Keywords

Nodüler guatr, Tiroit nodülü, İnce iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi, Tiroit kanserleri, İyot, Guatr

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