Beta-2-microglubulin levels in preeclamptic patients in Benin City, Nigeria

Year 2023, Volume: 40 Issue: 4, 748 - 754, 03.01.2024

Kenneth Atoe , Ejuoghanran Onovughakpo-sakpa

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a condition accompanied by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria thus suggestive of cardiac and renal dysfunctions. Plasma urea and plasma creatinine are known as gold standards that provide insights into kidney function and potential renal involvement in preeclampsia. In preeclamptic women, an elevation in plasma urea and creatinine levels can indicate impairment in kidney function and reduced glomerular filtration. Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) is a protein found on the surface of body cells that is released into the blood stream as a result of normal cell turnover or certain disease processes. This study therefore aims to determine if Beta-2-microglobulin could be added to the gold standards in indicating that there is a nephropathy during preeclampsia. To do this, a prospective case-control research involving 190 women was carried out. They were divided into three groups: a preeclampsia group, a group which consisted of women with only pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH); and a group of pregnant women with normal blood pressure. Analyses of demographic data, trimesters, severity of disease and Body Mass Index (BMI) data obtained showed that as the level of severity of preeclampsia increased, there was also a rise in the B2M levels. Perhaps, B2M levels could provide insights in the early determination of nephropathy during preeclampsia and also as an indicator for renal tubular dysfunction

Keywords

Preeclampsia, Beta-2-microglobulin, Pregnancy-induced-hypertension, Urea, Creatinine

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