Effect of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine on serum AMH, TSH, FSH and LH concentrations

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 299 - 301, 19.05.2024

Mustafa Fırat Aydın , Muhamet Afşin , Sevda Yeleç , Kadir Bakay , Serap Mutlu Özçelik Otcu

Abstract

The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and female reproductive system. The study included 111 women who applied to the infertility clinic between December 2020 and September 2022 and received two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2, - Pfizer-BioNTech). Serum hormone levels (anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) hormones) of women before and after vaccination were evaluated and compared. Serum AMH level was 1.90±2.48 (mean ± SD) before vaccination and 1.87±2.16 (mean ± SD) after vaccination (p = 0.052). Although there was a minimal decrease in AMH levels, no statistically significant difference was detected. TSH, FSH and LH serum levels were similar before and after vaccination and no statistical difference was detected. Our study indicates that the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine does not have a negative effect on serum AMH, TSH, FSH and LH levels.

Keywords

Anti-Müllerian hormone, Coronavirus disease-19, mRNA vaccine, infertility, ovarian reserve

References

• Wiersinga WJ, Rhodes A, Cheng AC, Peacock SJ, Prescott HC. Pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review. Jama. 2020;324(8):782-93.
• Jing Y, Run-Qian L, Hao-Ran W, Hao-Ran C, Ya-Bin L, Yang G, et al. Potential influence of COVID-19/ACE2 on the female reproductive system. Molecular human reproduction. 2020;26(6):367-73.
• Jain U. Effect of COVID-19 on the Organs. Cureus. 2020;12(8).
• Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta bio medica: Atenei parmensis. 2020;91(1):157.
• Wang J, Peng Y, Xu H, Cui Z, Iii R. Review Article The COVID-19 Vaccine Race: Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Formulation. 1–12. 2020.
• Garett R, Young SD. Online misinformation and vaccine hesitancy. Translational behavioral medicine. 2021;11(12):2194-9.
• Hsu AL, Johnson T, Phillips L, Nelson TB, editors. Sources of vaccine hesitancy: pregnancy, infertility, minority concerns, and general skepticism. Open forum infectious diseases; 2022: Oxford University Press US.
• Di Clemente N, Racine C, Pierre A, Taieb J. Anti-Müllerian hormone in female reproduction. Endocrine reviews. 2021;42(6):753-82.
• Ata B, Vermeulen N, Mocanu E, Gianaroli L, Lundin K, Rautakallio-Hokkanen S, et al. SARS-CoV-2, fertility and assisted reproduction. Human Reproduction Update. 2023;29(2):177-96.
• Mohr-Sasson A, Haas J, Abuhasira S, Sivan M, Doitch Amdurski H, Dadon T, et al. The effect of Covid-19 mRNA vaccine on serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels. Human Reproduction. 2022;37(3):534-41.
• Soysal Ç, Yılmaz E. The effect of COVID-19 vaccine on ovarian reserve. Saudi Medical Journal. 2022;43(5):486.
• Kolatorova L, Adamcova K, Vitku J, Horackova L, Simkova M, Hornova M, et al. COVID-19, vaccination, and female fertility in the Czech republic. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022;23(18):10909.
• Horowitz E, Mizrachi Y, Herman HG, Marcuschamer EO, Shalev A, Farhi J, et al. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination on AMH concentrations in infertile women. Reproductive biomedicine online. 2022;45(4):779-84.
• Melado L, Vitorino R, Coughlan C, Bixio LD, Arnanz A, Elkhatib I, et al. Ethnic and sociocultural differences in ovarian reserve: Age-specific anti-müllerian hormone values and antral follicle count for women of the Arabian peninsula. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2021;12:735116.
• Yildiz E, Timur B, Guney G, Timur H. Does the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine damage the ovarian reserve? Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(20):e33824.
• Rajak P, Roy S, Dutta M, Podder S, Sarkar S, Ganguly A, et al. Understanding the cross-talk between mediators of infertility and COVID-19. Reproductive biology. 2021;21(4):100559.
• Zhang C-h, Chen C, Wang J-r, Wang Y, Wen S-x, Cao Y-p, et al. An endometrial receptivity scoring system basing on the endometrial thickness, volume, echo, peristalsis, and blood flow evaluated by ultrasonography. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2022;13:907874.
• Wang S, Mortazavi J, Hart JE, Hankins JA, Katuska LM, Farland LV, et al. A prospective study of the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination with changes in usual menstrual cycle characteristics. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2022;227(5):739. e1-. e11.