MEME DOLGUNLUĞU (ANGORJMAN) GELİŞEN ANNELERDE LAHANA UYGULAMASININ ETKİSİ

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, meme dolgunluğu yaşayan annelerde lahana uygulamasının ağrı, meme dokusu rahatlaması, pompalanan süt miktarı ve kaygı düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini ve lahana uygulamasından memnuniyetlerini belirlemektir. Yöntemler: Çalışma, Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi'nde yatan ve her iki memede de meme dolgunluğu yaşayan, bir bebeği olan 18 anne ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma verileri "Anne Tanıtım Formu" ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Annelerin bir memesine iki saat boyunca lahana uygulanmıştır. Diğer menesine herhangi bir uygulama yapılmamıştır. Daha sonra her iki meme aynı anda, aynı vakum ve hızda elektronik sağım pompası ile sağılmıştır. Bu işlemin ardından annelerin her iki memesi ağrı, rahatlama, memnuniyet düzeyi, pompalanan süt miktarı ve kaygı düzeyi açısından yeniden değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Annelerin yaşadığı meme dolgunluğunun emzirme veya sağım prosedürleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi; %27,8'i daha az, %27,8'i orta ve %44,4'ü ise çok fazla etkilenmiştir. Çalışma verilerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre; angorjman yaşayan annelerin lahana uygulaması yapılan memede daha düşük ağrı şiddeti ve lahana uygulaması yapılmayan memeden daha düşük durum kaygı ölçeği puanları olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca rahatlama ve memnuniyet düzeylerinin ve süt miktarının önemli ölçüde arttığı bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Angorjman yaşayan annelere lahana uygulaması önerilebilir. Ayrıca sağlık çalışanlarının bu konuda eğitilmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• lahana
• meme
• emzirme
• ağrı

The effect of cabbage leaves application in mothers having breast engorgement

Öz

Objective: The study aimed to determine the impact of cabbage application on pain, breast tissue relief, amount of the milk pumped and anxiety level in mothers suffering from engorgement and their satisfaction with cabbage application. Methods: The study was conducted with 18 mothers who had an infant hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and suffered from engorgement on both breasts. The study data were collected using the “Mother’s Introduction Form” and State-Trait Anxiety Scale. Cabbage was applied to one breast of the mothers for two hours. No application was performed on the other breast. Then both breasts were milked via an electronic milking pump at the same time and at the same vacuum and speed. Following this procedure, both breasts of the mothers were reevaluated in terms of pain, relief, satisfaction level, amount of the milk pumped and anxiety level. Results: Examining the impact of engorgement experienced by the mothers on breastfeeding or milking procedures; 27.8% of them were affected less, 27.8% moderately and 44.4% highly. According to the findings acquired from the study data; the mothers suffering from engorgement had a lower pain severity on the breast receiving cabbage application and lower state anxiety scale scores than the breast not receiving cabbage application. Also it was found that the relief and satisfaction levels and the amount of milk increased significantly. Conclusions: Cabbage application can be recommended to mothers suffering from engorgement. It can also be recommended that healthcare professionals be trained on this matter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cabbage
• breast
• lactation
• pain

Kaynakça

1. Akkuzu, G. (2016). Newborn nutrition. In L. Taşkın (Ed.), Obstetric and women's health nursing (pp. 573–597). Academician Medical Bookstore.
2. Aprilina, H. D., Krislinggardini, K., Isnaini, N., & Suratmi, S. (2021). The effect of cabbage leaves compress on breast engorgement in postpartum mother. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(T4), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5777
3. Arora, S., Vatsa, M., & Dadhwal, V. (2008). A comparison of cabbage leaves vs. hot and cold compresses in the treatment of breast engorgement. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 33(3), 160–162. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.42053
4. Aslan, E., & Dinç, H. (2016). Newborn adaptation and care. In N. K. Beji (Ed.), Women's health and diseases for nurse and midwives (pp. 477–506). Nobel Medical Bookstores.
5. Cakmak, H. (2002). Evaluating and comparing the breast-feeding of mothers who gave birth through cesarean operation and through normal spontaneous delivery [Master’s thesis, Marmara University].
6. Cassy, S., Charlier, M., Bélair, L., Guillomot, M., Laud, K., & Djiane, J. (2000). Increase in prolactin receptor (PRL-R) mRNA level in the mammary gland after hormonal induction of lactation in virgin ewes. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 18(1), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0739-7240(99)00062-4
7. Dhoom, S., Maradiya, J., & Doss, J. J. (2024). A study to assess the effectiveness of cabbage leaf application on pain and hardness in breast engorgement and its effect on the duration of breast feeding among postnatal mother in selected hospital at Dharampur. A and V Publication Journal of Nursing and Medical Research, 3(2), 67–70. https://doi.org/10.52711/jnmr.2024.15
8. Elzehri, M. A., El-Kader, R. G. A., Elwasefy, S. A., Elmas, H. A. M., & Elbilgahy, A. A. (2023). Effect of cabbage leaves versus hot compresses on breast engorgement among early breastfeeding postnatal women. Bulletin of the National Institute of Health Sciences, 141(2), 3383–3391.

9. Eryılmaz, G. (2015). Lactation and breastfeeding. In A. Şirin & O. Kavlak (Eds.), Women health (pp. 488–499). Nobel Medical Bookstores.
10. Hatfield, G. (2004). Encyclopedia of folk medicine: Old world and new world traditions (pp. 59–60). ABC-CLIO. Joy, J., & Kharde, S. N. (2016). A study to evaluate the effectiveness of chilled cabbage leaves application for relief of breast engorgement in volunteered postnatal mothers who are admitted in maternity ward of selected hospital in Belgaum. International Journal of Biological & Medical Research, 7(3), 5655–5659.
11. Kunts, L., & Samuels, A. L. (2003). Biosynthesis and secretion of plant cuticular wax. Progress in Lipid Research, 42(1), 51–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7827(02)00045-0
12. Mangesi, L., & Zakarija-Grkovic, I. (2016). Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (6), CD006946. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006946.pub3
13. Napisah, P., Widiasih, R., Maryati, I., Hermayanti, Y., & Natasya, W. (2021). The effectiveness of cabbage leaf compress and the education of lactation management in reducing breast engorgement in postpartum. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(T6), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7318
14. Nikodem, V. C., Danziger, D., Gebka, N., Gulmezoglu, A. M., & Hofmeyr, G. J. (1993). Do cabbage leaves prevent breast engorgement? A randomized, controlled study. Birth, 20(2), 61–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536X.1993.tb00418.x
15. Ozkaya, M., & Korukcu, O. (2023). Effect of cold cabbage leaf application on breast engorgement and pain in the postpartum period: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Care for Women International, 44(3), 328–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2022.2090567
16. Öner, N., & Le Compte, A. (1998). Discontinuous State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Handbook (2nd ed., pp. 22–36). Boğaziçi University Publications.
17. Öztürk, R., & Sevil, Ü. (2016). Newborn nutrition. In Ü. Sevil & G. Ertem (Eds.), Perinatology and care (pp. 552–562). Nobel Medical Bookstores.
18. Roberts, K. L. (1995). A comparison of chilled cabbage leaves and chilled gelpaks in reducing breast engorgement. Journal of Human Lactation, 11(1), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/089033449501100118
19. Roberts, K. L., Reiter, M., & Schuster, D. (1995). A comparison of chilled and room temperature cabbage leaves in treating breast engorgement. Journal of Human Lactation, 11(3), 191–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/089033449501100319
20. Satır, D. G., & Sevil, Ü. (2016). Problems in newborn and nursing care. In Ü. Sevil & G. Ertem (Eds.), Perinatology and care (pp. 596–597). Nobel Medical Bookstores.
21. Savaser, S. (2002). Newborn nutrition. In T. Dagoglu & G. Görak (Eds.), Basic neonatology and nursing principles (pp. 211–241). Nobel Medical Bookstores.
22. Sivri, B. B., & Karataş, N. (2015). Cultural aspect of the society: Traditional practices of mother and baby care during post-partum period and the relevant examples from the world. Journal of Current Pediatrics, 13(3), 183–193. https://doi.org/10.4274/jcp.50479
23. Soliman, A. S., Helmy, H. K., Masoud, H. K., & Ragab, H. M. R. (2022). Effect of cabbage leaves, olive oil massage and warm ginger on relief breast engorgement among postpartum women. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 13(4), 1510–1524. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2022.273050
24. Tamer, L. (1992). The investigation of the antitumoral effect of brassica oleracea var. capitata extract and its effect on adenosine 5 triphosphatase enzyme system [Master’s thesis, Cukurova University].
25. Wong, B. B., Chan, Y. H., Leow, M. Q. H., Lu, Y., Chong, Y. S., Koh, S. S. L., et al. (2017). Application of cabbage leaves compared to gel packs for mothers with breast engorgement: Randomised controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 76, 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.014
26. Zenciroğlu, A., & Özbaş, S. (2015). Basic newborn care. Ozyurt Typography.