Assessment of Antoni Gaudi's Design Approach on the Concept of Biophilia: Case of Casa Battlo

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 45, 143 - 157, 30.01.2022

Gizem Özer Baş , Melih Kurnalı

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1062892

Öz

With the modernism movement, the diversification of design approaches has accelerated and, many methods focused on the solution of new problems have emerged. The design approaches, which move away from natural life and aim at the mechanical purposes of the function, have increased the longing of the people living in the cities for nature. In this sense, the biophilic design emerges as a new concept and aims to transfer nature to the building design in a direct and non-artificial way. The buildings of Antoni Gaudi, who had a design understanding far beyond his age, presented the reflections of nature in his unique ways. At this point, if Gaudi's approach to nature is questioned, his place in biophilic design, one of today's concepts, is a serious research topic. To what extent does the biophilic approach, which seeks to bring the new and modern together with nature, takes place in Gaudi's designs, which embody nature in a plastic and concrete sense. To what extent does the biophilic approach, which seeks to bring the new and modern together with nature, take place in Gaudi designs, which include nature in a plastic and concrete sense? The study aims to evaluate Casa Battlo, one of the Gaudi designs, through biophilic design criteria. For this purpose, biophilic design, Antoni Gaudi and his Works examined. The biophilic design criteria obtained because of the examination were used to evaluate Casa Battlo. Gaudi's Casa Battlo shows how the conceptually new term biophilia is at the core of this building. In this sense, the study shows how the conceptual essence of biophilia works like a spirit from the past that makes the structure permanent and unforgettable.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biophilic Design, Architecture, Gaudi, Casa Battlo, Design

Kaynakça

• Antoniades, A.C. (1992). Poetics of architecture: theory of design. New York: Wiley Publishing.
• Bayraktaroğlu, Ö.E. (2014). Mimarlıkta ekosistem düşüncesiyle tasarlamak. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Bosch, M., Olona, J, Vargas, A., Villanueva, X., Villanueva, I, Atance, A. (2020) Master Plan of Gaudí’s Casa Batlló Management and documentation, ISSN: 1136-758-X, LOGGIA Nº33. (p.83-89).
• Dosde, D. (2016). The illustrated biography of Antoni Gaudi. Barcelona: Dos de arte ediciones.
• Dosde, D. (2017). Casa battlo, The most orginal creation of Antoni Gaudi, ISBN:978-84-9103-057-7. Barcelona: Dos de arte ediciones (p.29-19)
• Fromm, E. (1979). The heart of man: Its genıus for good and evil (Sevginin ve Şiddetin Kaynağı).Türkçe birinci basım, İstanbul: Payel Yayınları.
• Geronimo, L.P. (2014). La Simbologia De Latlantida Motiu Dinspiracio De La Casa Battlo. Batxillerat, Jaume Genís Terri. (p.47-55).
• Gündüz, E. (2019). Mimaride doğayı temel alan tasarım yaklaşımları izleği. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Heerwagen, J. & Orians, G. (1993). Biophilia hypothesis. Washington: Island Press.
• Hinojosa, S.C. (2018) The light well as element of luminous control inside the architectural spaces, case of study: Batlló House. Estoa, 7, 1390-7263.
• Hinojosa, S.C. (2018) The light well as element of luminous control inside the architectural spaces, case of study: Batlló House. Estoa Vol. 7, 1390-7263.
• http://mimdap.org/2014/11/bir-gaudi-harikasy-casa-batllo/ (28.09.2021).
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Interior_Casa_Batll%C3%B3_(1927).jpg (28.09.2021).
• https://www.archdaily.com/90689/ad-classics-casa-batllo-antoni-gaudi(28.09.2021).
• https://www.casabatllo.es/ (28.09.2021).
• https://www.casabatllo.es/en/antoni-gaudi/casa-batllo/inside/(28.09.2021).
• https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Parkroyal_Case-Study.pdf (28.09.2021). www.biophilic-design.com (28.09.2021).
• Kellert, R. S. (2005). Building for life: Designing and understanding the humannature connection. Washington, DC: Island.
• Kellert, S. R., (2008). Biophilic design: The theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life. New York: Wiley Print.
• Kellert, S. R., Calabrese, E. (2015). The Practice of Biophilic Design, www.biophilic-design.com, (p.3- 21). Md Rian, I. & Sassone, M. (2014). Tree-inspired dendriforms and fractal-like branching structures in architecture: A brief historical overview. Frontiers Of Architectural Research , 3(3), 298-323.
• Mirak, M. (2018). Die Synthese von ‚Innen’ und ‚Außen’ am Beispiel von Antoni Gaudís. Mietshaus Casa Batlló. Miradas, 4(1), 10-21. Moreno, A. (2019). Casa Batlló, Tecrica Patrmoni, pg. 100-109, September 2019. (p.106)
• Orr, D. W. (2002). The nature of design: Ecology, culture, and human intention. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
• Parlatır, İ., Gözaydın, Ne., Zülfikar, H., Belgin T., Türkmen, S., Yılmaz, Y. (1988). Türk Dil Kurumu Türkçe Sözlük I-II. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.
• Ramzy, N. (2015). Biophilic qualities of historical architecture: In quest of the timeless terminologies of ‘life’ in architectural expression. Sustainable Cities and Society, 15, 42–56.
• Rapoport, A. (1969) House from the culture. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
• Roe, J. (2009). Antoni Gaudi. New York, USA: Parkstone Press International.
• Schmidt, K. (2010). Göbekli Tepe – the Stone Age Sanctuaries.New results of ongoing excavations with a special focuson sculptures and high reliefs. Documenta Praehistorica, 37, 239-256.
• Şenozan, M.I. (2018). İnsan - mekan - doğa etkileşiminin sürdürebilir bir öğretisi olarak biyofilik tasarım. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
• Ünlü, E. (2017). Mimarlıkta biyofili olgusu ve sağlık yapıları örneği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi, Gebze.
• Villanueva, X., Olona,J. Iglesias-Campos, M.A., Bosch, M. Rosell, J.R. Navarro, A. Villanueva.I. (2020). Restoration of the main façade of Gaudí’s Casa Batlló. ISSN: 1136-758-X, LOGGIA Nº33. (p.118-139).
• Vitrivius. (2005). Mimarlık üzerine on kitap. Ankara: Şevki vanlı mimarlık vakfı yayınları.
• Wilson, E. O., (1984). The biophilia hypothesis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Yakın, Y. (2016). A different approach to Antoni Gaudi's interior design in accordance with his architectural wording. Master thesis. Haliç Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.