Yetişkin Öğrenimi: Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinin Kümeleme Analizi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 6, 381 - 392

Duygu Tunalı

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1574101

Öz

Avrupa Birliği'nin özellikle toplumsal ve ekonomik uyum için büyük önem verdiği yaşam boyu öğrenme, örgün ve yaygın eğitim yoluyla sağlanan genel ve mesleki eğitim ve öğretimin yanı sıra yaşamın her alanındaki öğrenme etkinliklerini de kapsamaktadır. Yaşam boyu öğrenmenin önemli bir bileşeni olan yetişkin öğrenimi, kişisel ve mesleki becerileri geliştirmeye yönelik eğitim etkinliklerini içerir ve yetişkinlerin yaşam boyu öğrenmeye katılımını temsil eder. Bu çalışma, yaşam boyu öğrenme kapsamında yetişkin öğrenimi açısından Avrupa Birliği ülkelerini gruplandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda Wards ve k-ortalamalar kümeleme yöntemleri kullanılarak yapılan analiz sonucunda dört ayrı ülke kümesi belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Danimarka, Estonya, Finlandiya, İrlanda, Lüksemburg, Hollanda, İspanya ve İsveç'in Küme 1'de; Belçika, Çek Cumhuriyeti, İtalya, Litvanya, Malta, Portekiz ve Slovenya'nın Küme 2'de; Bulgaristan, Hırvatistan, Kıbrıs, Yunanistan, Polonya ve Romanya'nın Küme 3'de; Avusturya, Fransa, Almanya, Macaristan, Letonya ve Slovakya ise Küme 4’de yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca gruplar arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar değerlendirilerek, ülkelerin yetişkinlerin eğitime katılım oranı ve herhangi bir öğrenme etkinliği için internet kullanımı değişkenleri açısından farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yetişkin Öğrenimi, Yaşam Boyu Öğrenme, Kümeleme Analizi, Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri

Adult Learning: Cluster Analysis of European Union Countries

Öz

Lifelong learning, which the European Union especially attaches great importance to for social and economic cohesion, covers not only general and vocational education and training provided through formal and non-formal education, but also learning activities in all areas of life. As an important component of lifelong learning, adult learning includes educational activities designed to develop personal and professional skills and represents the participation of adults in lifelong learning. This study aimed to group the European Union countries in terms of adult learning within the scope of lifelong learning. Thus cluster analysis was performed using Wards and k-means clustering methods, resulting in the identification of four distinct clusters of countries. The analysis identified that Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Spain, and Sweden are in Cluster 1; Belgium, the Czech Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Malta, Portugal, and Slovenia are in Cluster 2; Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Poland, and Romania are in Cluster 3; and Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, and Slovakia are in Cluster 4. Additionally, by assessing the similarities and differences among the groups, it was determined that the countries vary in terms of variables of the participation rate in education and internet use for any learning activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adult Learning, Lifelong Learning, Cluster Analysis, European Union Countries

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