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Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage

Year 2011, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 139 - 166, 01.10.2011

Abstract

This study explores the content, causes and results of Orientalization practices in mainstream Turkish foreign reporting. The analysis is made of the “World” pages of the two national newspapers Hürriyet and Habertürk , which can be considered the mainstream Turkish media. Limiting the analysis to the field of journalism, news articles published between May 5 - June 5, 2010 are analyzed. Orientalism theories and the cultural strategies of media provide the basis of analysis employed in this study. Foreign coverage in the given articles provides the samples of Orientalization discourse and practices in mainstream Turkish media. This study suggests that Orientalist perspectives are quite common in ‘foreign coverage’ in the Turkish media. Foreign news reports clearly exhibit the Orientalization ‘reflex’, which is one of the most visible legacies of Orientalist cultural strategies.

References

  • Nico Carpentier, Understanding Alternative Media, Buckingham, Open University Press, 2008, pp.12- 20.
  • See example, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Vintage, London, 1994. Noam Chomsky, “What Makes Mainstream Media Mainstream?” at http://www.chomsky.info/articles/199710.htm; Cemil Aydin and Juliane Hammer, “Muslims and Media: Perceptions, Participation, and Change”, Contemporary Islam, Vol. 4, No. 1 (April 2010), p. 3.
  • Edward Said, Orientalism, New York, Pantheon Books, 1978, p. 2.
  • Yücel Bulut, Oryantalizmin Eleştirel Kısa Tarihi, İstanbul, Yöneliş Yayınları, 2001, p. 10.
  • Bryan S. Turner, Orientalism, Postmodernism and Religion, London, Routledge, 1994, p. 5.
  • Edmund Burke III and David Prochaska, “Introduction: Orientalism from Postcolonial Theory to World History”, in Edmund Burke III and David Prochaska (ed.), Genealogies of Orientalism: History, Theory, Politics, Nebraska, University of Nebraska Press, 2008, p. 1. See also. Mahmut Mutman, “Şarkiyatçılık/Oryantalizm”, in Uygur Kocabaşoğlu (ed.), Modern Türkiye’de Siyasî Düşünce: Modernleşme ve Batıcılık Vol. 3, İstanbul, Iletisim Yayınları, 2002.
  • Mahmut Mutman, “Under the Sign of Orientalism: The West vs. Islam”, Cultural Critique, No. 23 (Winter 1992/93), p. 169.
  • See Carel Bertram, Imagining the Turkish House, Texas, University of Texas Press, 2008.
  • See Semra Germaner and Zeynep İnankur, Turkey and Orientalism, İstanbul, Turkish Cultural Service Foundation, 1989.
  • Matthew Gumpert, “‘Every Way That I Can’: Auto-Orientalism at Eurovision 2003”, in Ivan Raykoff and Robert Deam Tobin (ed), A Song for Europe: Popular Music and Politics in the Eurovision Song Contest, London, Ashgate Publishing, 2007, p. 157.
  • Hilmi Yavuz, “Modernleşme: Parça mı, Bütün mü? Batılılaşma: Simge mi, Kavram mı?”, Modernleşme ve Batıcılık, Vol. 3, İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları, 2002, pp. 212-218.
  • Sadik Jalal Al-Azm, “Orientalism in Reverse”, Khamsin: Journal of Revolutionary Socialists of the Middle East, No. 8 (1981), pp.5-26.
  • Ussama Makdisi, “Ottoman Orientalism”, American Historical Review, Vol. 107, No. 3 (2002), pp.768-96.
  • Milica Bakic-Hayden, “Sürekli Çoğalan Oryantalizmler: Eski Yugoslavya Örneği”, in Aytaç Yıldız (ed.), Oryantalizm: Eleştiri Metinleri, Ankara, Doğu-Batı Yayınları, 2007, pp. 356-357. 15 Ibid., p. 362.
  • Yuko Kikuchi, Japanese Modernisation and Mingei Theory, Cultural Nationalism and Oriental Orientalism, New York, Routledge Curzon, 2004, p. 153.
  • Alexander L. Macfie, Orientalism, London, Longman, 2002, p. 128.
  • Arif Dirlik, “Chinese History and the Question of Orientalism”, History and Theory, Vol. 35, No.4 (1996), p. 96; Arif Dirlik, Post-Colonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism, Boulder, Westview, 1997, p. 108.
  • In his work “American Orientalism” Douglas Little and co-authors Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins in their reading of National Geographic have shown that Arabs, Africans and Asians are still represented in accordance with Orientalist strategies in a Western social context. See, Douglas Little, American Orientalism: The United States and the Middle East since 1945, Chapel Hill & London, The University of North Carolina Press, 2004; Catherine A. Lutz ve Jane L. Collins, Reading National Geographic, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1993.
  • Cited from Kararname-i Âlî by Orhan Koloğlu, “Medya-Devlet ve Sermaye”, Birikim, No. 117 (1999), p. 69.
  • Paul Heyer, Communications and History: Theories of Media, Knowledge, and Civilization, New York, Greenwood Press, 1988, p. 11.
  • Şerif Mardin, “Batıcılık”, in Mümtaz’er Türköne ve Tuncay Önder (ed.), Türk Modernleşmesi, İstanbul
Year 2011, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 139 - 166, 01.10.2011

Abstract

References

  • Nico Carpentier, Understanding Alternative Media, Buckingham, Open University Press, 2008, pp.12- 20.
  • See example, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Vintage, London, 1994. Noam Chomsky, “What Makes Mainstream Media Mainstream?” at http://www.chomsky.info/articles/199710.htm; Cemil Aydin and Juliane Hammer, “Muslims and Media: Perceptions, Participation, and Change”, Contemporary Islam, Vol. 4, No. 1 (April 2010), p. 3.
  • Edward Said, Orientalism, New York, Pantheon Books, 1978, p. 2.
  • Yücel Bulut, Oryantalizmin Eleştirel Kısa Tarihi, İstanbul, Yöneliş Yayınları, 2001, p. 10.
  • Bryan S. Turner, Orientalism, Postmodernism and Religion, London, Routledge, 1994, p. 5.
  • Edmund Burke III and David Prochaska, “Introduction: Orientalism from Postcolonial Theory to World History”, in Edmund Burke III and David Prochaska (ed.), Genealogies of Orientalism: History, Theory, Politics, Nebraska, University of Nebraska Press, 2008, p. 1. See also. Mahmut Mutman, “Şarkiyatçılık/Oryantalizm”, in Uygur Kocabaşoğlu (ed.), Modern Türkiye’de Siyasî Düşünce: Modernleşme ve Batıcılık Vol. 3, İstanbul, Iletisim Yayınları, 2002.
  • Mahmut Mutman, “Under the Sign of Orientalism: The West vs. Islam”, Cultural Critique, No. 23 (Winter 1992/93), p. 169.
  • See Carel Bertram, Imagining the Turkish House, Texas, University of Texas Press, 2008.
  • See Semra Germaner and Zeynep İnankur, Turkey and Orientalism, İstanbul, Turkish Cultural Service Foundation, 1989.
  • Matthew Gumpert, “‘Every Way That I Can’: Auto-Orientalism at Eurovision 2003”, in Ivan Raykoff and Robert Deam Tobin (ed), A Song for Europe: Popular Music and Politics in the Eurovision Song Contest, London, Ashgate Publishing, 2007, p. 157.
  • Hilmi Yavuz, “Modernleşme: Parça mı, Bütün mü? Batılılaşma: Simge mi, Kavram mı?”, Modernleşme ve Batıcılık, Vol. 3, İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları, 2002, pp. 212-218.
  • Sadik Jalal Al-Azm, “Orientalism in Reverse”, Khamsin: Journal of Revolutionary Socialists of the Middle East, No. 8 (1981), pp.5-26.
  • Ussama Makdisi, “Ottoman Orientalism”, American Historical Review, Vol. 107, No. 3 (2002), pp.768-96.
  • Milica Bakic-Hayden, “Sürekli Çoğalan Oryantalizmler: Eski Yugoslavya Örneği”, in Aytaç Yıldız (ed.), Oryantalizm: Eleştiri Metinleri, Ankara, Doğu-Batı Yayınları, 2007, pp. 356-357. 15 Ibid., p. 362.
  • Yuko Kikuchi, Japanese Modernisation and Mingei Theory, Cultural Nationalism and Oriental Orientalism, New York, Routledge Curzon, 2004, p. 153.
  • Alexander L. Macfie, Orientalism, London, Longman, 2002, p. 128.
  • Arif Dirlik, “Chinese History and the Question of Orientalism”, History and Theory, Vol. 35, No.4 (1996), p. 96; Arif Dirlik, Post-Colonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism, Boulder, Westview, 1997, p. 108.
  • In his work “American Orientalism” Douglas Little and co-authors Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins in their reading of National Geographic have shown that Arabs, Africans and Asians are still represented in accordance with Orientalist strategies in a Western social context. See, Douglas Little, American Orientalism: The United States and the Middle East since 1945, Chapel Hill & London, The University of North Carolina Press, 2004; Catherine A. Lutz ve Jane L. Collins, Reading National Geographic, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1993.
  • Cited from Kararname-i Âlî by Orhan Koloğlu, “Medya-Devlet ve Sermaye”, Birikim, No. 117 (1999), p. 69.
  • Paul Heyer, Communications and History: Theories of Media, Knowledge, and Civilization, New York, Greenwood Press, 1988, p. 11.
  • Şerif Mardin, “Batıcılık”, in Mümtaz’er Türköne ve Tuncay Önder (ed.), Türk Modernleşmesi, İstanbul
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fahrettin Altun This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 16 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Altun, F. (2011). Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs, 16(3), 139-166.
AMA Altun F. Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage. PERCEPTIONS. October 2011;16(3):139-166.
Chicago Altun, Fahrettin. “Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 16, no. 3 (October 2011): 139-66.
EndNote Altun F (October 1, 2011) Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 16 3 139–166.
IEEE F. Altun, “Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage”, PERCEPTIONS, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 139–166, 2011.
ISNAD Altun, Fahrettin. “Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 16/3 (October 2011), 139-166.
JAMA Altun F. Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage. PERCEPTIONS. 2011;16:139–166.
MLA Altun, Fahrettin. “Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs, vol. 16, no. 3, 2011, pp. 139-66.
Vancouver Altun F. Orientalization Practices in Mainstream Turkish Foreign News Coverage. PERCEPTIONS. 2011;16(3):139-66.