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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>PESA Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2528-9950</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2149-8385</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Politik Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Merkezi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Change and Development of Higher Education in Sudan</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Change and Development of Higher Education in Sudan</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Mohammad</surname>
                                    <given-names>Hibatallah</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Neelain University</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-8729</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Abdul Rahman</surname>
                                    <given-names>Shukran</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>International Islamic University Malaysia</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20200803">
                    <day>08</day>
                    <month>03</month>
                    <year>2020</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>6</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>113</fpage>
                                        <lpage>120</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20191117">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>17</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20200517">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>17</month>
                        <year>2020</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, PESA Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>PESA Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>This paper discusses the philosophy and objectives of higher education in Sudan; assesses the changes that have occurred in the policies of higher education since colonization and until the National Salvation Revolution; identifies the sources of funding and finance system, as well as its management. The paper also examines the national standards for quality assurance and identifies the scientific research programmes and innovation embarked by higher education institutions in Sudan. Information that corresponds to the research scopes were sourced from books, articles, published researches and report published by relevant parties. Descriptive analytical method was adopted to address the research questions. The paper provides fundamental background which isessential to understand the objectives and agenda of higher education in the Sudan. The information is expected to create awareness on the arising issues in various high education agenda in Sudan, shedding light on ways to address the problems and difficulties facing higher education in Sudan.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Philosophy and Objectives of Higher Education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  higher education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  University</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Higher Education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sudan</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  University</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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                    </back>
    </article>
